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浅析爱默生的《论自助》—人生自主的源泉

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浅析爱默生的《论自助》—人生自主的源泉
时间:2022-10-17 00:28:37     小编:

Abstract

Emerson, Ralph Waldo is an outstanding American writer in the nineteenth century. His work Self-Reliance is an important and influential work which encourages a man to be confident and independent. Through the analysis and research of Emerson and his works, the thesis explores four main ideas in the work, including “The Confidence” , “The Independence” , “The Personality” , “Showing no Sympathy to the Poor”, of which “The Confidence” is the core point in this thesis. Based on the research of the four ideas, the thesis discusses the enlightenments on today’s society, including the enlightenments on the confident and optimistic attitudes towards life, the promotion of female’s self-reliance, the influence on inspaniduals’ success and a country’s prosperity.

Key Words

Self-reliance; Emerson; enlightenment

摘 要

拉尔夫•华尔多•爱默生是美国十九世纪著名的作家,《论自助》是其极具影响力的一部作品,也是一部激励人们自信、独立的作品。论文从分析、研究爱默生及其作品出发,探索了作品中的四种主要思想,包括“自信”、“独立”、“个性”、“拒绝对穷人的同情”,其中,“自信”是论文的核心。在研究作品主要思想的基础上,论文探讨了作品的主要思想对当今社会的启迪和影响,包括对乐观自信生活态度的启迪、对女性自助思想的促进、对个人成功的影响及对国家繁荣与富强的影响。

关键词

爱默生; 自助 ; 启迪

Introduction

Emerson, Ralph Waldo was one of the most outstanding American writers in the19th century; he experienced much in his whole life. His Self-Reliance is an influential work which deeply attracts many readers. “Believe in Oneself” is the main idea expressed and analyzed in the work. In Self-Reliance, there exist four kinds of important thoughts. The first kind of thought is “The Confidence”. Emerson advocated that a man must show his opinion confidently and bravely in spite of different ideas. “The Independence” is the second kind of important thought which is expressed in Self-Reliance. A man should keep himself firmly but not be easily influenced by environment. The third kind of thought is to keep personality, which is closely related to the confidence and the independence. From Emerson’s opinion, a man must keep his personality and conform to his own principles. “Showing no Sympathy to the Poor” is the fourth kind of thought in the work. It shows that why the poor are poor is mainly due to their backward thinking. Showing help to this kind of people means doing harm to them. All these ideas in Emerson’s Self-reliance have enlightenments on today’s society. They help people take confident and optimistic attitudes towards life. These important thoughts enlighten the female to be confident and strive for their social status. Besides, they are crucial for inspaniduals’ success. Each man who possesses the thoughts is easy to make progress and achieve success. Moreover, a country’s prosperity is established on the basis of confidence and independence.

I. A Brief Introduction to Emerson and His Self-Reliance

A. Emerson, Ralph Waldo

Emerson collected all his speech materials and made a book called Essays, including Self-reliance, Love, and Friendship and so on. Emerson’s Essays speaks highly of the man who should trust their own suggestion. He advocated that a man should develop the national pride and opposed following the others’ saying. Almost all his speeches made a deep influence on America’s national civilization. In 1837, he published a famous speech which declared that the American literature was separated from Britain literature. He was also the spokesman of transcendentalism. Emerson abandoned the thought which takes god as the centre. He raised the idea that the man could know the truth by instinct, so to some extent, the man is the god. Then he cried out that ‘Believe in Yourself’. His opinion reflected the advancing spirit of capitalism society. This positive spirit was called as American religion and it pushed the development of national spirit of America. He was the clairvoyant of American spirit and belonged to America, Emerson’s thoughts and works largely promoted the establishment and development of American national spirit.

B. Self-Reliance

Emerson’s works deeply attract readers, especially Self-Reliance, which is from Essays. This prose is finished according to a series of speech materials between 1836 and 1837. Self-Reliance is his significant work which expresses his idea of transcendentalism. “Believe in Yourself” is the core point of Self-Reliance. Emerson opposed all forms of imitation in the works. He thought the man should believe he was excellent at any time. The real man should learn how to reject to drift with the stream. If a man is afraid of public opinion or compelled him to do something unchanged, he will possibly lose the innovative ability which leads him to success. If a person doesn’t want to let him or the society down, he must comply with the principles in his inner heart, yet the people who comply with the authority, tradition or current system means break this principle. The ideas which Emerson expressed in his prose are largely different. They agreed with the American people’s optimistic spirit at that time. Above all, he believed in inspanidualism, independence and self-reliance. His works is not easy to be understood. He reconstructed the common literature images in writing skill and endowed the works with new ideas. Generally, the readers have a common view that his ideas are special and unique.

Nowadays, there are many books about self-support. The authors express a series of ideas as Emerson did. The difference is that the common books are easier to be understood. The authors use simple sentences in their works so that all readers can easily know what the authors express. But Emerson’s Self-reliance is needed to read many times. He mainly expressed four important ideas in this works, including “The Confidence”, “The Independence”, “The Personality”, “Showing No Sympathy to the Poor”. “The confidence” is a core point which Emerson stressed in Self-Reliance. All men should trust their own opinions in spite of the different ideas. Emerson thought a man should trust himself firmly. “The Independence” is another subject which Self-Reliance fully elaborates. It expresses that a man should act independently but not always relies on the other people. Besides, “Showing no Sympathy to the Poor” agrees with the idea of self-support. In the works, Emerson gave the opinion that the poor are lack of advancing ideas. The result of supporting the poor is to do harm to them. At last, to be a self-reliant person, the man should keep his personality. These ideas are important in today’s society. This prose exerts much influence on many ordinary people.

II. The Analysis on Emerson’s Thoughts in Self-Reliance

Self-Reliance is not an average work. Its content is difficult for readers to understand. Emerson showed many of his opinions about life in the work. The most important ideas include “The Confidence”, “The Independence”, “The Personality”, and “Showing no Sympathy to the Poor”. These ideas are practicable and meaningful for the reader’s lives.

A. The Confidence

Self-Reliance is one of Emerson’s important works which express his transcendentalism. “Believe in Oneself” is the core point in it. In the works, Emerson showed his opinions about the confidence. He criticized all forms of imitation and opposed all self-abased people. The confidence is an evident idea which Emerson gave in Self-Reliance. He thought that the confidence was a very important virtue. The philosophical idea which he expressed in Self-Reliance had its special power. It enlightened many people and catered to the spirit of optimism in America at that time.

Emerson believed a man must trust himself and be himself. Many self-abased people can’t express themselves bravely and are ashamed of their spanine ideas just because the ideas are their own. Emerson believed that the man should concern his own points of view and keep them steadfastly. In his opinion: “A man should learn to detect and watch the gleam of light flashes across his mind from within, more than the luster of the firmament of bards and cages. Yet he dismisses without notice his thought, because it is his.”(Emerson, P7, 2005) From this sentence, it can be acquired that Emerson gave support for expressing one’s own ideas loudly and bravely in spite of the others’ existence. Emerson’s opinions enlighten a man to keep his original saying in the face of mixed voices. As an inspanidual in society, a man shouldn’t suspect himself, or the suspicion from the other people will attack him constantly. The person who doesn’t believe in himself will never win the other’s credibility. In Emerson’s Self-Reliance, It is a little difficult to understand the meaning. However, “Trust Yourself” is expressed clearly and can be known by readers easily. The author showed the idea that the man should own the spirit of self-confidence and try to be the true himself. For example, Emerson said in Self-reliance: “Let us never bow and apologize more. A great man is coming to eat at my house, I do not wish to please him; I wish that he should wish to please me”. (Emerson, P20, 2005) On Emerson’s saying, it is known that he supported the man to be himself generously in spite of the other people’s social status. Once a person comes to the world, he is possible to be the best one. However, many people are generally timid, and they are no longer upright, they are afraid of saying “I think”, but only quote motto. As a matter of fact, Emerson encouraged the people to express “I think”, “I am” bravely and directly. These words clearly prove the spirit of self-trust.

There is a popular saying that “if you think you can, you can”. The confidence is the first step to make success. And Emerson showed the valuable idea in his works. It is believed that the readers are more confident after they finished Self-reliance.

B. The Independence

Just as “The Confidence”, “The Independence” is also a significant idea which Emerson showed in the works. “The Independence” is closely related with the spirit of self-reliance. The author mentioned “The Independence” everywhere in the works. Emerson supported the man to be the true himself independently.

Independence is an indispensable quality for one’s success. Emerson pointed out that the man without any independent idea is difficult to conduct himself. Therefore, it is very necessary to form the habit of self-reliance.

C. The Personality

In Self-Reliance, Emerson advocated that a man should do everything according to his own will. This thought is closely related with the idea of confidence. A confident man is the one who always keeps his own personality. It is a very important thought which Emerson expressed in the works. It does help the readers to be confident.

As a mater of fact, it is the man’s faith, not the environment that influences people’s lives. A successful man is the one who deeply trusts his inner power. He is never influenced by the environment.

D. Showing no Sympathy to the Poor

In Self-reliance, Emerson fundamentally showed the idea of confidence and independence. Besides these ideas, he illustrated the idea of “Showing no sympathy to the Poor”. This point of view agrees with the confidence and independence. Emerson indirectly showed the reason why the man is poor and why no sympathy should be showed to the poor.

The poor condition is not terrible, but the poor mind is a very serious problem. The man should never help the poor with money, but give them a tool to produce wealth by themselves, or teach them to be independent and challengeable. Emerson’s opinions towards the poor have given the readers a meaningful enlightenment.

III.Self-Reliance’s Enlightenment on Today’s Society

Self-Reliance gives readers much help in coping with their lives. It exerts enlightenment on readers to be confident and independent. It teaches man to take advancing attitudes towards life. Besides, these ideas enlighten female’s life. It is also of great help for inspaniduals’ progress and a country’s development.

A. Attitudes towards Life

Self-Reliance profoundly inspires a man to strengthen his self-confidence. A young man said in a forum: “If they are afraid of other’s different suggestion and give up their own thinking, then that’s losing themselves. No matter what they do, they should keep definite point of view and independent thinking”.(Smear, P49,2002).He further explained that everyone’s idea is different, no one can make the others’ the same with he himself, so just think about the objection but neglect the irrelevant discussion. When the man finishes his aim, all voices have stopped with it. Each man should have his virtue in tacking with all problems.

The attitudes towards life have two choices. One is to die and the other is to live. Emerson’s Self-Reliance teaches the readers to follow their own thoughts and take optimistic attitudes towards life. Everything has two sides, the most important is that which side the man chooses. A man should be confident everyday, and then each day is beautiful and without worry. Emerson showed in his works that each man should be independent to cope with his problems, but not always seek for assistance. The man can learn from the other people, but he should make decisions by himself. Each successful man has his own personality so that he is easy to achieve his dreams. Once a person catches the fundamental idea of self-independence and self-confidence, he can tell which is right or wrong no matter how complicated the interpersonal relation is. Then he is likely to reject to parrot.

B. The Female’s Self-Reliance

It is known that man and woman are born of inequality in human history. No matter how successful the women’s liberation is, this bias will forever occupy people’s minds. With the development of society, some female people with spirits of self-support fiercely object this thought. Women have their own forte in most time while the men don’t have. It is accepted that women’s social status is highly improved. According to the investigation, the female officers or managers are highly increased and account a large proportion among the total. Besides this, most women accept more advanced education than the male. However, the prejudice originated from the history seems never to disappear from people’s minds. Some women are still suffering from the prejudice in such a developed society. In modern society, the women possess so many social protocols. For instance, there is a popular saying that “Ladies First”, and the national law also safeguards the female’s rights and interests. Someone thinks the meaning implied in this phenomenon is that the society takes women as the weak, for the people who need protection are to some extent weaker than those who can deal with problems by themselves.

However, although a small part of girls can’t live on their own, most women are aware of the crisis, and most of them can deal with their lives completely and independently. On Emerson’s views, whether a man or woman is, he/she should depend on themselves except the general assistance from each other. As an important part in human being, women should have their own understanding, their own careers and worlds. Some girls who seek fortune or reliance from men are severely looked down upon by society. Those women seem to lead a perfect life, but their inner hearts are too void. They acknowledge that they are corrupted and forsaken by society. Whereas, they are reluctant to escape from this corrupted living circle once they abandon themselves to it. Moreover, they often search protection, responsibility from men. But most women are advancing in mind. It seems that women take more and more significant roles in a family, even in the society. Most women often support for their families which testifies their high ability.

From Emerson’s ideas in Self-Reliance, all women should own the self-reliance of idea, of economy, and of ability. He advocated the women to strive for the social status and make contributions to the society.

C. The Influence on Inspaniduals

To be a self-independent person can absolutely change one’s humble life even in the backward society. Generally, the poor people are inclining to be self-reliant for coercion of life. It is well known that the richest man, Li Jiacheng, is the business tycoon in Hong Kong. It is an evident example that the poor man is ambitious and self-improving so that he can become an uncommon person in later time. Another famous person is the head of board of Meng Niu enterprise, Niu Gengsheng. He was sold out for 50 Yuan when he was in infancy not because his parents abandoned him but because they couldn’t raise him. In such kind of living condition, he studied and worked hard to be a successful man. All men are intelligent and brave, but not all men can make success. Some people often complain about destiny. The wise think that success originates from one’s spirit. The genius is only but common people with knowledge and virtue. Helen Keller, the everlasting pride of human being, was deprived of both sight and hearing after the terrible illness in the 19th month after she was born. However, she was not defeated by disastrous life which happened to her in her young age. No one can imagine how a dumb and deaf girl transformed her life thoroughly by her persistent hard work and persevering spirit, yet Helen Keller did it. Her adversity and great achievements stimulates the common people to work hard and to be self-supported. Helen’s remarkable success was partly due to the assistance, Miss Sullivan who accompanied her in the whole life, but largely due to her own persistent and dauntless faith. She learned several languages in her life and created miracles one by one. The very difficulties which cannot be done by common people were broken through by Helen Keller. Her name was set as a symbolization of persistent will. As the tremendous spiritual power, her legendary life deeply encourages the people to conquer the misfortune. Mark Twain said: “Helen Keller was the focus of America in 19th century”. These examples prove that independence and self-support can change one’s life thoroughly.

The valuable ideas which Emerson showed in Self-Reliance are a great help for inspaniduals’ development. These ideas make each one to be confident and independent. Many people’s success is fundamentally due to these two qualities.

D. The Influence on Countries

As the strongest country in the world, America has its own inspanidualities. This country only enjoys a history of 200 years. In comparison with the other European countries, it is full of innovation and has its own personality. The technology, weapons, comprehensive strength are always in the first place. The Americas are realistic. Money is vital in their minds so that all Americans are up to their ears for work. Money can be used for fame, social status, even presidency in this country. They are democratic, liberal, outspoken and competitive. Take the American children for example. They can work to support themselves when they are young and also cope with their problems by themselves without any help from parents. All Americans have formed these habits from early time so that their country is the best self-improvement among all countries.

Almost every person believes the country should support them with the perfect system so that they can improve their living conditions, but the ideas in Self-Reliance suggest that the high life and well-being can only be acquired through a man’s own efforts. The people often take a high expectation towards the function of laws. If the laws work well, then they can insure people to enjoy their own achievements and reduce inspanidual sacrifices. However, the best strict law cannot change the sluggish persons to industrious persons or the poor to the rich. These changes can be achieved only through one’s own conducts and activities. The history proved that the power of country is not decided by social system but by people’s qualities and personalities.

The spirit of Self-Independence in Emerson’s Self-Reliance promotes a country’s advancement. The strong and prosperous country is made up of confident and independent inspaniduals. Self-Reliance’s enlightenment effectively helps the progress of society.

Conclusion

From above, “The Confidence” is the basic thought and the core point in Emerson’s Self-Reliance. In the work, “The Independence” and “The Personality” are main ideas. ‘Showing no Sympathy to the Poor” represents “The Confidence” and “The Independence”. These four ideas largely enlighten many people to form the habits of self-independence. The spirit of self-reliance is the foundation stone of everyone’s success. What’s more, it plays an important role in a country’s prosperity. The spirit of self-reliance greatly helps the progress of society. There will be more and more readers to research and study Self-Reliance and more and more people would possess the idea of self-reliance in future.

Bibliography

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[4] 丁惠中等. 认识你自己[M]. 北京: 华文出版社, 2005.

[5] 戴尔•卡耐基.发掘人性的优点[M]. 北京: 海潮出版社, 2001.

[6] 冯丽莎. 改变扭转命运[M]. 北京: 中国社会出版社, 2007.

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[9] 李建科. 成功者想得和你不一样[M] .哈尔滨: 哈尔滨出版社, 2006.

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培养学生的学习能力是数学课堂的重要内容。但是,一直以来,大多数学生头脑里只有老师“灌输”的内容,离开老师,学生就不会学习了,这是应试教育所造成的弊端。要想改变“老师‘灌输’、学生‘接受’”的情况,就要重视学生学习能力......
浅谈高中英语学生自主学习的策略探析
发布时间:2022-09-29
" 论文关键词:高中英语 学习策略 论文摘要:自主学习能力是新时代背景下的一个重要方面,业已成为世界教育改革的方向之一。本文中,笔者根据自己的教学实践经验,主要探讨高中英语学习中,培养学生自主学习的策略。 0 前言 “自......
学生自主学习的教育改革的论文
发布时间:2019-04-03
一、教师要转变师生关系观念,尊重学生主体意识传统的高校教学工作中,教师给人一种学究形象,形成这种形象的原因就是教师在教学中一味地以自己的讲解为中心,毫不顾忌到学生的学习感受。传统的教学改革也还不是以学生为中心,而是一味地强调如何改革教师的讲解方式,提高讲解的效果,如何讲解得更加精彩。其实,这样的教学都忽视了学生的主体性地位的尊重问题,没有真正激发学生学习的积极性与主动性。新的教学观要求教师要对学生.........
让学生自主课堂的探索
发布时间:2022-11-17
" 内容提要: “ 以学生为本 ” 是实施素质教育的关键。在课堂教学中让学生自主课堂的实践真正体现出学生是学习的主人。本文试图从让学生自己学,让学生自己读,让学生自己说,让学生自己问,让学生自己练五个角度,探索把课堂还给......
浅析培养高职学生自主学习能力的方法
发布时间:2015-11-04
摘要:当前教育的要求是以学生为主体,教师不但要传授知识,更要教会学生如何去学。高职学生由于基础较差,自信心不足导致自主学习能力较为缺乏。文章总结了高职学生缺乏自主学习能力的几点表现,结合《工程测量》课程的特点,从四个方......
激发学生自主探究
发布时间:2022-10-13
摘 要:如何让学生做学习的主人,参与教学活动,激发学生的求知欲望,值得教师在教学中反思。 关键词:学生;探究;数学 一、通过师生活动,激发学生的探究兴趣 教学开始时,老师通过与学生共同交流的形式,激发学生的求知欲望......
生活是文学创作的源泉
发布时间:2023-07-22
韩秀娟:许先生,你好!去年《时代文学》第8期和第12期分别刊发了你的短篇小说《难得聪明》和《牛大侃,我宰了你》,我读过之后感觉这两篇小说有一个共同点,都是描写中年知识分子阶层和略带官场色彩的作品。为了印证这一认识我又有意......
浅谈学生网络自主学习中自我监控能力的培养
发布时间:2023-02-19
" 论文关键词:自主学习 自我监控 学习策略 论文提要:通过分析自主学习与自我监控的关系以及网络自主学习的特点,得出学生网络自主学习中自我监控能力培养的必要性,并提出培养其自我监控能力的建议。 教育部在2004年的《大学......
“一个陌生女人”的自卑
发布时间:2023-02-01
摘 要:茨威格的创作深受弗洛伊德精神分析学的影响,他的短篇小说《一个陌生女人的来信》非常注重对人物心理的描写,此作品中的女主人公一直活在自卑的尘埃里。从作品细节中可以看出自卑对女主人公的爱情观以及悲剧命运都有一定的影响......
浅谈语文教学中学生的自主学习
发布时间:2023-04-02
" 随着素质教育研究和实践的不断深入,小学语文教学正在步入一个变革的新时期,这种变革围绕让全体学生生动活泼地主动发展,对传统的教学观念、教学目标及教学方法、过程操作等提出了尖锐的挑战。培养学生自主学习,发挥学生主体作用,已......
科学环保小论文:水,生命的源泉!
发布时间:2013-12-18
科学环保小论文:水,生命的源泉! 科学环保小论文:水,生命的源泉! 科学环保小论文:水,生命的源泉! 文章来源 www.3 ed u.net 水,生命的源泉! 水,滋润万物,与人们的生产生活息息相关。水是甘甜的,但有时又是苦涩的......
试析默多克《黑王子》中主人公布拉德利自我价值的实现
发布时间:2022-12-21
摘要:艾丽丝・默多克是英国著名的哲学家兼小说家。其小说具有情节生动、视角独特,哲理深邃的特点。她的代表作《黑王子》是哲学领悟与写作艺术的完美融合。小说讲述了一段悲壮的爱情,为人们展现出善的哲学概念,道出了善的崇高,爱......
泉眼无声水自流
发布时间:2022-11-26
教学内容:苏教版《义务教育课程标准实验教科书数学》三年级下册P74~76及相关练习。教学目标:1.结合具体的问题情境,使学生通过观察、操作、估计和直观推理等活动,认识面积的含义,初步学会比较物体表面和平面图形的面的大小。2.充分利用已有的知识和生活经验,经历比较两个图形面积大小的过程,使学生主动探索,合理选择不同的方法比较面积的大小,体验比较策略的多样性。3.使学生在不同的活动中,体会数学与生活的.........
浅析刘宗周认识论与主体人格的自我观
发布时间:2014-01-06
论文关键词:刘宗周 主体人格 自我观 论文摘要:王学后期,阳明的致良知理论变为只在心上玩弄光景的虚无主义,形成明末士人疏淡之风,为矫枉过正,心学终结者刘宗周对心体进行了重新贞定,构建了一套圆满自足的人学价值体系,他对主体之心......
浅析小学生习作中自评自改能力的培养
发布时间:2022-12-18
" 论文关键词: 小学写作教学 写作教学 自评自改能力 培养 论文摘要: 本文作者根据小学语文写作课程的实际情况,分析小学生语文写作现状,并按照《语文课程标准》的要求,提出通过自评自改提高小学生习作能力的方法和途径。 小......
学生自助性的社会实践活动开展
发布时间:2022-09-01
摘要:开展自助性社会实践,既能帮助学生自己解决假期中的学习困难,又能提高自己的组织、沟通、总结能力,还能减轻家长的负担,为社会作贡献。如何有效组织学生开展自助性社会实践活动,学校和老师既不能越俎代庖,也不能不闻不问;既要充分发挥学生在社会实践中的主体作用,又要发挥学校和老师的组织和管理作用。关键词:自助性;社会实践;发动者;管理者假期社会实践是培养锻炼学生能力、陶冶思想情操、提升自我的重要活动,也.........
自主学习:论体现“生本”的学习方式
发布时间:2013-12-18
" 论文摘要:我国长期以来教学情境中的学习方式过于单一被动,不利于学生的发展,新课程改革提倡以主动、探究、合作为特征的自主学习方式。自主学习关注自我选择与自我负责,真正体现了“以学生为本”的理念。其实施模式大体分为以下四......
论养根——学生自主教育的核心理念
发布时间:2016-06-24
一、被动的教育现状 回顾新一轮课程改革启动伊始,无论是学校、教师,还是家长、社会,当初都是充满了美好的希冀与憧憬,自信满满的。可如今,我们已经相伴走过了十多年,扪心自问:课程改革之路究竟走了多远?学校教育究竟有多大变化......
让学生主动学习、自主发展
发布时间:2022-11-15
当前,课程改革的目标之一就是要让学生主动学习、自主发展。《语文课程标准》指出:“学生是学习和发展的主体。语文课程必须根据学生身心发展和语文学习的特点,关注学生的个性差异和不同的学习要求,爱护学生的好奇心、求知欲,充分......
浅论古代文学实践教学中的学生自主学习
发布时间:2022-12-08
" 论文关键词:古代文学 实践教学 自主学习 论文摘要:学生自主学习是中国古代文学实践教学中的重要环节,它不仅可以弥补古代文学课程教学时间的不足,也是培养本科生创新能力的教学需要,还是大学教学对接社会教育的必然要求。学生......
浅论艾默生与孔子人性观的契合点
发布时间:2023-04-03
摘 要: 爱默生与孔子在人性观上有很大程度的契合。他们都重视人,承认人具有推动社会发展的巨大力量;他们有对人共同的期许,希望通过“君子”“美国学者”这样的理想人格教化他人,承担社会责任,建造和支撑他们的理想社会;他们同......
表达内生力:唤醒写作个体的自主意识浅析
发布时间:2022-12-09
写作的本质就是把人的各种意识形态化即把倏忽的、纷杂的、模糊的思想情感物态(语言)化、逻辑化和审美化。在情意(或曰主题引领下的宏观布局和微观枝节上怎样形态化,是个相当复杂的心理过程。提炼生活,感悟情理,构思文脉,生成文本,......
让爱与恨都发生在自己身上
发布时间:2015-09-08
4月24日到26日,由林奕华执导的舞台剧《恨嫁家族》二度登陆北京保利剧院,它的英文名叫做“I Hate Therefore I Marry(我恨故我嫁)”。延续了林奕华一贯以来关注的主题――自我认知、爱的能力和直面真实――他的苦口婆心都被包裹在了......
原始点疗法:以自助助人为本
发布时间:2023-04-07
原始点疗法是非入侵治疗,不需要服用药物,不干涉人体自身对体寒体伤本有的修复程序,而仅用内外热源补充身体消耗的热能,用按推解开原始痛点的问题,达到调理身体的目的。如此一来,不但保护健康的主动权回到了普通人手里,而且避免......
浅析英语教学如何引导学生自主学习
发布时间:2022-11-28
" 【论文关键词】 英语教学 主体意识 自主学习 【论文摘要】 我们的教育必须适应时代要求,不仅要让学生学会知识,更要让学生学会学习,把教育学生学会学习摆在重要地位。在英语教学中营造宽松氛围,拓宽学习空间,注重学习过程,指导......
培养学生自主学习的策略
发布时间:2023-02-05
随着课改的进一步推进,学生自主学习的能力将变得尤为重要,如何有效提高学生的自主学习能力,将直接决定学生对课程的理解、掌握程度。但如何提高培养学生的自主学习能力呢?本文将从以下三个方面来探讨培养学生自主学习的策略。 自......
奢侈的人生是节约自己
发布时间:2015-08-27
在别人眼里,34岁的马柠柠是个很不一样的女人。 当年毕业留京时,她住四环外不足10平方米的小平房,没命地努力,蚂蚱似的不停跳槽,没度过一个周末、没休过一次假。接下来的7年,是马柠柠将自身潜能发挥到极限的岁月,不断出成绩,......
浅谈中学生英语学习自主性的提高
发布时间:2013-12-19
" 论文关键词:中学英语 自主学习 教学策略 论文摘要:学生是课程教学的主体,在教学中有着不可替代的重要地位和作用,发挥好学生的学习主体地位和作用,能够在最大限度调动学生学习主动性和积极性的基础上,开发他们学习的潜能,增......
茶如人生 香自沉浮
发布时间:2023-03-06
喜欢喝茶,一盏茶如同一口贮满禅思的深井,引人沉思清醒,令人拥有超越现实的轻松与满足。对茶的了解源自无意中读过的两本书,一本是唐代陆羽所著的《茶经》,概述了种茶、采茶、制茶、烹茶之精要,另一本是当代品茶名家所作,介绍了......
人生需要顺其自然
发布时间:2015-08-27
初冬的清晨,终是有些薄凉,泡一杯花茶,看着那片片花瓣在水中舒展,心也开始变得温暖起来,就连这慢下来的时光,也在一首喜欢的曲子中,变得清淡平和。光阴,总是会将最美妙的东西加在修炼它的人身上,它赐予我平常的烟火,世俗的生......
他踩着脚本,走向自编自导的百岁人生
发布时间:2022-12-02
“电影剧本是用脚写出来的。”我常常引用新藤兼人这句话。至今我仍记得在中日剧作家交流会上,新藤兼人先生曾说过:“剧作使导演有了工作。” [作者简介]王兴东,中国电影文学学会会长、国家一级编剧。 新藤兼人是矮个子的日本人......
关于心理健康教育应立足于自主自助
发布时间:2022-08-25
" 〔论文摘要〕俞国良,中国人民大学心理研究所所长、教授、博士生导师。研究方向为中小学心理健康教育、学习不良儿童心理发展研究、儿童青少年智力与社会性发展研究,在SCI、SSCI和CSSCI类期刊上发表了近百篇研究成果。在长期大量的心......
浅析高职生自学能力的培养
发布时间:2016-08-09
高等职业教育的目标是培养具备一定管理能力的高技术人才,对于学生自学能力的培养是十分关键的环节。首先自学能力是自我管理能力的一个方面,学生的自我管理能力是指受教育者依靠主观能动性按照社会目标,有意识、有目的地对自己的思想......
学生小学数学自主学习能力分析论文
发布时间:2023-03-28
随着教育理念的逐步优化,人们愈发的重视学生的自主学习能力。自主学习能力越早培养,不仅能够提高学生数学学习能力,且对学生将来的学习和发展将有极大的好处。本文主要浅谈了如何有效的提高小学生对数学学习的自主性和积极性。培养学生自主学习能力关键在于使学生喜欢数学,产生研究数学的欲望,并加以引导从而使学生从中获得“研究数学问题成功的喜悦”,加以鼓励和奖励,让学生对学习数学充满信心和主动性。只有学生真正的喜欢.........
浅析马克思主义生态自然观的理论内容及现实意义
发布时间:2023-07-21
摘要:马克思主义生态自然观对全球性的生态危机具有重大的积极作用。人与自然关系的重要内容成为我们应对危机的重要理论基础。加强生态文明建设的法律法规,环境道德建设不容忽视,调动公共参与的积极性,为解决生态危机提供深刻的现......
做生活的有心人,让广告成为议论文选材的新源泉
发布时间:2023-03-25
不论是行走在大街小巷,还是坐在家中打开电视、电脑,总有广告跃入眼帘、灌入耳洞。也许这些无孔不入的广告,已经让你不胜其烦了。然而,如果从写作的角度看,就会发现广告是可资借鉴的广阔写作资源,是议论文写作的一泓清泉。如果能......
浅论学生资源——教师成长的助推剂
发布时间:2013-12-18
" 论文关键词:学生资源教育智慧 论文摘要:教师的成长需要载体和助力,而学生资源则是教师专业成长中的一剂助推剂,学生资源能够帮助教师发现自己知识的漏洞,能够帮助教师看到教学设计中的缺陷,能够使教师内省自身智慧的不足。因......
试析中职学生自主学习能力的培养
发布时间:2013-12-18
" 论文摘要:为提高劳动者素质,国家正大力发展职业教育。但近几年来,随着普通高中的扩招,职业学校生源质量明显下降,学生学习成绩差的问题尤显突出。中职学校的“学差生”(即学习成绩不及格的学生)比例越来越大,其与中职学生自主......
学生自主学习能力的培养途径分析
发布时间:2023-01-14
【摘要】“以教师为中心”的传统教学方法及模式,不仅不能激起学生的求知欲和参与教学活动的热情,更使学生的创造性难以发挥,独立自主学习能力难以培养,造成学生对教师和课堂的过分依赖。此外,部分学生英语基础薄弱,英语应用能力......
浅谈人的本质与大学生的自我发展
发布时间:2022-08-03
关于人的本质问题,在马克思主义产生之前,宗教哲学和德国古典哲学中就存在许多关于人的本质的论述。其中,宗教神学认为神高于一切,把人的本质推向神,认为神即上帝创造了人,人的本质只不过是在彰显神的形象和样式。而德国古典哲学的......
浅析如何培养小学生英语自主学习能力
发布时间:2015-09-14
【内容摘要】培养小学生自主学习英语的能力是提高学生自身综合素质的迫切需要。要想学生能自主的学习英语知识,对英语学习充满兴趣,并有效提高学习能力和学习效果,就要多种途径和手段培养学生的自主学习能力。本文中笔者从自主学习......
浅析“小组作业”促进学生自主英语学习的研究
发布时间:2022-12-03
" 【论文关键词】大学英语 合作学习 小组作业 【论文摘要】本文讲述了在合作学习过程中“小组作业”的实施对学生课外自主学习的促进,以及结合自身教学实践给予一些行之有效的方法。 引言 “小组作业”,顾名思义,就是在小......
浅析因特网环境下学生自主学习能力的培养
发布时间:2023-04-26
摘 要:课程改革积极倡导自主学习、探究学习和合作学习,自主学习是探究学习和合作学习的基础。自主学习要求学生具备一定的自我学习能力,而学习资源的获得是提高自学能力的一个重要方面。在因特网环境下,学习资源的广度与深度都大大......
学生自主管理的实践与思考
发布时间:2023-04-03
斯宾塞曾说,记住你教育的目的,应该是培养一个能够自治的人,而不是一个要别人来管理的人。班主任工作头绪多,工作任务重,常常很忙碌,特别是初中九年级班主任,经常忙得焦头烂额。作为一名班主任,每天都很忙是可怜的,而每天不知道为什么忙是可悲的。一名成功的班主任不应该事必躬亲,不应该当“保姆”,而要充分重视和尊重学生的个性特点,引导他们自我约束、自我教育、自我管理、自我发展,有效地调动全体学生自我管理的积极.........
浅谈学生自主学习及探索能力的培养
发布时间:2023-02-05
美国心理学家布鲁纳说:“学习者不应是信息的被动接受者,而应该是知识获得过程的主动参与者。”教学中应充分激发学生的主观能动性,以主人翁的姿态主动参与、自主探索,以培养学生的创新意识。那么怎样调动学生的积极性,引导他们自......
浅谈初中生英语自主学习能力的培养
发布时间:2015-09-14
素质教育的核心内涵则是“以学生的发展为本”。课堂教学要最大限度地唤醒、激发学生自主意识,解放、发展学习力。学生能够自已思考、自己看会的,最大可能地让学生自主学习。“课堂教学蕴涵着巨大的生命活力,只有师生们的生命活力在......
自由主义国际关系理论的源流
发布时间:2023-02-28
" 摘 要:自由主义国际关系理论是当代西方国际关系理论领域的主要流派之一,它的形成和演变构成了国际关系理论发展史的重要内容。自由主义国际关系理论注重理性个体的作用,坚持国际关系发展的进步论。现代意义上的自由主义国际关系理论从康......
浅谈自主学习及终生教育能力的培养
发布时间:2022-10-28
" 论文关键词: 自主学习 终生教育 大学英语教学 论文摘要: 多媒体技术和互联网在大学英语教学中的广泛应用,对英语教学有深远的影响。在使用过程中,教师通过改革传统的教法、观念和设置合适的课程,选择科学的教学素材,采用自我评价机......
浅谈如何培养学生自批自改的能力
发布时间:2022-10-28
一直以来,作文批改几乎是所有一线语文教师在语文教学中倍感头痛的问题:任务重,耗时多,收效却不大。如何有效地进行作文批改,成为教师苦苦追寻的一大难题。为此,《义务教育语文课程标准》给我们的教育教学工作指明了方向。课标明......
发挥学生主体作用,促进学生自主学习
发布时间:2023-06-26
发挥学生主体作用,促进学生自主学习 内容提要 :在实施素质教育的今天,培养学生的良好学习习惯、观察能力、动手能力、思维能力,激发他们主动学习的兴趣和强......
把作文自主权还给考生
发布时间:2023-06-04
" 2004年,我省20多年来首次自主命题的高考语文试卷,总体上,既达到了平稳过渡的目标,又体现了自己的特色;尤其是作文题,成了全卷的一大亮点,在今年全国14份高考语文试卷中个性鲜明、独树一帜。 1.书卷味浓,引导学生读书的倾向......
如何培养学生自主学习
发布时间:2015-09-15
我国著名的教育家陶行知先生指出:“好的先生不是教书,不是教学生,而是教学生学。”至于怎样“学”,就需要教师的指导,教师的“教学”了,而教师的“教”是为了达到不需要教的目的。因此,对学生自主学习的培养,是教师引导学生自......
浅谈高中生数学自主学习能力的培养
发布时间:2016-06-24
摘 要:培养学生的自主学习能力是素质教育的要求,也是作为一个人全面发展的需要。培养学生自主学习的能力不仅有利于学生今后的发展,而且能优化课堂教学,提高教学效率。就普通高中生数学自主学习能力的提高进行粗浅的探索。 关键......
论古典自由主义的个人主义精神
发布时间:2023-03-10
" 内容提要:个人主义是古典自由主义的精神基础。个人及其权利是自由主义政治哲学的基石。自由主义者都从个人及其权利出发思考国家权力的来源、性质和范围,确定个人权利与国家权力的界限。以个人为政治思维的原点,在自由主义者那里表现......
外源自毒物质对桃实生苗生长的影响
发布时间:2023-01-28
摘要:以当年桃实生苗为试材,以10%乙醇为对照,研究外源添加不同浓度的苦杏仁苷、香草醛和苯甲酸对桃苗生长的影响。结果表明:处理液浓度为0.5mmol・L-1时,与对照相比,苦杏仁苷处理显著提高了根系POD活性,而抑制了CAT活性和根系活力,香草醛和苯甲酸处理均无显著差异;处理液浓度为1.0mmol・L-1时,与对照相比,苦杏仁苷处理显著降低了根系SOD和CAT活性,香草醛和苯甲酸处理显著降低了根系.........
人人湘:自助餐厅的另类互联网化
发布时间:2022-10-21
互联网确实无法颠覆餐饮,但一定能够为餐饮业带来效率和体验的提升。 就像“吃什么”是永远不会过时的话题,餐饮O2O的发展之路也一直是我们不断探讨的命题;近两年来,从雕爷牛腩、黄太吉、伏牛堂米粉到叫个鸭子、叫只鸡等相继蹿红的......
互联网时代大学生自主创业浅议
发布时间:2023-05-16
摘 要: 在机遇与风险并存的信息爆炸新时代,移动互联网浪潮席卷而至,并日益深入到每个人的工作、生活中;移动互联网未来不仅仅是一个行业,更是一种方法、一种手段,将渗透到各个行业。如何使自己在纷繁复杂的各种行业、项目中做出......
女神们的“简爱”人生论
发布时间:2022-12-26
女神们的“简爱”人生 好莱坞女神斯嘉丽·约翰逊订婚的消息传出,网络上一片哀鸣之余,人们都把目光放到了她的新未婚夫罗曼·达瑞克身上。这位幸运的男人名不见经传、样貌普通,能锁定女神当然羡煞旁人。娱乐圈的爱情与婚姻众多,且大多......
女人的软肋来自原生家庭
发布时间:2022-11-22
有个老段子,很多人都看过,原文我已经记不清了,大意是说小偷一手偷你的钱,另外一只手摸胸,你只知道被摸得很舒服,却不知道口袋里的钱已经没了。 我也记得苏媚姐的一篇小说,里面的女主钱包丢了,被一个帅气的小伙子送了回来,然后......
人生自我设计的导读纲要
发布时间:2022-10-25
" 内容摘要:本文力图提供一个系统完备的人生自我设计的读书计划纲要;简明扼要地阐明了懂得读好书、会读书、会建立自己的资料库,会制作个人主页的重要性及其方法;较为系统、全面地探讨了如何能够实现读书不走弯路而走捷径,花一分时......
陶渊明的“委运自然”人生观
发布时间:2023-05-31
东晋诗人陶渊明一生历经磨难,大起大落,他虽才华横溢,文采超群,曾被朝廷和世人赏识,但处身政治黑暗、官场腐败、世风日下、战乱频发的社会环境下,他无法委曲求全,在三次出仕与归隐后,他总结出委运自然的人生观,坚定地选择了宁固......
人工自然·熵·生态文化
发布时间:2023-03-23
人工自然·熵·生态文化 人工自然·熵·生态文化 人工自然·熵·生态文化 摘 要:人类在创建人工自然的过程中,由于过度地开发、利用自然,产生了超额熵增,自然环境本身提供的负熵却不足以抵消与平衡,从而引起了生态危机......
论公安院校学生自主学习能力的构成
发布时间:2023-03-11
摘 要:个体学习中,自主学习能力是影响其学习效果的直接因素。自主学习能力是大学生必须具备并要着重培养的一项基本素质,它是个体自主学习过程中各项能力的总和,全面深入分析自主学习能力,有助于个体对自主学习的把握和自主学习能......
以学生为本,培养学生自主学习的能力
发布时间:2023-07-04
" 自主学习,顾名思义就是学生依靠自己的努力,自觉、主动、积极地获取知识。自主学习能力则是学生在学习活动中表现出来的一种综合能力。具有这种能力的学生有强烈的求知欲,善于运用科学的学习方法,合理安排自己的学习活动。善于积极......
演绎别人的人生,完善自己的旅途
发布时间:2015-08-28
潘粤明,内地实力派男演员,他演的儒雅书生、富家公子、颓废丈夫、摇滚青年,都带着他自己内心一部分的投射。虽然演绎着戏里不同的角色人生,但他时刻提醒自己,一定记得回归现实生活,不断完善自己的人生旅途。 1 白色半透明衬衫......
生活是文学创作的永恒源泉
发布时间:2015-08-24
我是一名来自铁路系统的业余作者,不能像专业作家那样全日制地从事写作,一直是我的遗憾。由于对文学的挚爱,近二十年,我坚持每天挤时间读书和写作。如果说阅读于我是一种习惯,那么写作于我更像是一种需要,如同呼吸。可是要想写出......
让生活成为数学课堂的源泉
发布时间:2023-02-05
我们大家知道,数学知识来源于生活,应用于生活,因此,在数学教学中,我们教师应该把数学知识和学生实际生活联系起来,从学生生活实践经验出发引导学生学习数学知识,让学生从实际生活中寻找数学问题。在《义务教育数学课程标准》中......
浅论高职院校学生的自我管理
发布时间:2022-10-18
" 论文关键词:高职院校 学生 自我管理 论文摘要:在对高职学生自我管理内涵进行分析的基础上,认为高职学生自我管理主要分为包括自我认知管理、自我情绪管理、自我行为管理等在内的自我内在资源管理和包括时间管理、金钱管理、交往......
大学生微博自主教育机制的构建分析
发布时间:2023-04-08
在微博等网络交互平台中,大学生找到了与其思维范式、行为习惯、表达方式相互匹配的现实场所,这就使得网络德育的对象与载体形成了一种共契。充分运用微博运行机制与当代大学生之间的这一共契,实行微博交互环境中的自主教育,可以有效......
简析对高校自主招生制度改革的思考
发布时间:2013-12-18
" 论文摘要:高校自主招生制度作为高考制度改革的重要举措,是高等教育发展的必然趋势,有利于落实扩大高校办学自主权,有利于优秀创新人才的选拔,有助于教学质量的提高。在试行过程中存在一些问题,影响了自主招生制度改革的推进,笔......
人生不可以“满”而自足
发布时间:2023-06-23
曾读过一个名为“满了吗”的故事,说的是有个徒弟学艺三年,认为自己技艺在手,可以出师了,于是便向师父提出请求。师父未回答,而是拿出一只装满石子的碗,问徒弟:“满了吗?”徒弟回答:“满了。”师父又抓了一把沙子撒进碗里,问......
论高中英语学生自主学习能力的培养
发布时间:2023-04-01
【摘 要】在现代的教育理论中,我们对学习模式的研究远远大于对知识的传授模式的研究。由于我国提倡素质教育,我国的教育模式在一次次教改中取得了质的飞跃,教育工作的重点逐渐转移到了研究学生的特点上,并开始通过研究所获得的准确......
电大成人学生自主学习指导模式探讨
发布时间:2023-05-12
【内容摘要】自主学习是一种比较积极向上的学习状态,这也是各院校推崇的学习方式,在电大成人学校中也在致力于学生自主学习教学模式的构建。为了电大学生的长远发展,需要根据学生的实际情况来培养学生的自主学习能力,加强对学生的......
试析地震灾区羌族中学生心理自助系统的构建
发布时间:2022-12-21
" 〔论文摘要〕开展心理自助、构建心理自助系统是地震灾区羌族中学生心理健康教育的现实选择。本文在一定的心理学理论和羌族地区文化背景以及羌族学校客观条件的基础上,探讨了灾后羌族中学生心理自助系统构建的依据、内容结构和途径、......
浅谈如何培养学生英语学习的自主能力
发布时间:2023-05-15
" 论文关键词:培养;英语学习;自主;能力 论文摘要:《国家英语课程标准》中指出:在教学过程中,要始终体现学生的主体地位,教师应充分发挥学生在学习过程中的主动性和积极性,激发学生的学习兴趣,营造宽松、和谐的学习气氛。很......