每个人都曾试图在平淡的学习、工作和生活中写一篇文章。写作是培养人的观察、联想、想象、思维和记忆的重要手段。范文书写有哪些要求呢？我们怎样才能写好一篇范文呢？下面是小编为大家收集的优秀范文，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
大小洞天景区导游词讲解篇一
好了，现在我们看到的是月亮潭瀑布，瀑布宽42米、高10米，远看秀美得如一把向下的弯形银梳。
继续往前走，我们来到的是飞蛙崖瀑布，瀑布高26米、宽43米。上游有一巨石形如巨象;“象”的前边湖水中有一蝌蚪状石滩。形若游蛇;“蛇”前则是石蛙，仿佛“蛇”正追吃“石蛙”，妙趣横生。构成一幅“蛇蛙戏水图”。
不知不觉我们已经到了最后一个瀑布，白龙潭瀑布，它四洞沟瀑布群中最大的一个瀑布，瀑布高60米、宽23米，瀑声如雷，雨雾弥漫，飞流直下，气势恢弘，动人心魄。瀑下“白龙潭”龙翻水沸，飞珠溅玉，银光闪烁。瀑下有一巨石形如巨蛙。
从赤水桐梓公路边的闷头溪口沿溪旁石板道缓步而行，大家顺我的手望去，但见那山岩之上挂着大约
四、五级瀑布，袅袅娜娜地从楠竹林海中钻了出来，俨然一位刚从碧海中出浴的少女。
景区内峰媚岭秀，景色优美，谷底翠竹繁茂，山间林木葱茏，溪边奇形怪状的丹霞石星罗棋布，水中天然植物盆景和丹霞石铺成的道路旁桫椤，小金花茶等国家一级保护的珍稀植物随处可见。景区内尚有两汇水“水乡秀色”和贵州保存完好，雕刻精湛的郑氏石坊，“茶伦造纸坊”等人文景观，以及神奇的石项山，渡仙桥等丹霞奇观。
去四洞沟的途中青山隐隐，碧水悠悠，山光水色，相映成趣。立于瀑下使人几疑为身在仙乡，“此间乐，不思家也!”。好了，我们今天的游览就要结束了，请大家注意时间，准时回到我们的车上。
大小洞天景区导游词讲解篇二
在战乱年代用的很多，固体传声快，士兵枕着它休息，有敌骑过来，远远的就可以听到，利于提高警惕性，这个和我们通常说的“枕戈待旦”是一个道理。
鸱吻(位于长城博物馆一号展厅)室内
龙生九子各不同，这个便是龙王最小子，它是雨神，西北地区比较干燥，因此一般会将鸱吻装饰在房脊上面，有消灾灭火求雨的寓意。
编号053瓦当(室内)
瓦当在中国古代建筑中非常常见，形似如意，有辟邪的寓意，另外瓦当除了排水之外，由于中国古代很多建筑都是木结构，瓦当的前面这部分有保护木椽椽头的作用，可以延长房屋寿命。
砖雕(室内)
古人对于房屋装饰格外讲究，兰花和仙鹤较为多见，兰花是君子的象征，寓意清高廉洁;鹤发童颜，鹤常指长寿吉祥。
红山堡(室外)
它是明代长城防御体系中的一个城障，始建于明弘治十六年(1503年)，距今已有500多年。是按照明代长城沿线60里一城，30里一堡的防御体制设置的。
大小洞天景区导游词讲解篇三
水洞沟是中国最早发掘的旧石器时代遗址,是全国重点文物保护单位,国家aaaaa级景区,国家地质公园。被誉为"中国史前考古的发祥地""中西文化交流的历史见证"。被国家列为全国文物保护100处重大遗址之一。还被《国家地理》和《中华遗产》杂志联合评选为中国"最具中华文明意义的百项考古发现之一"。
水洞沟还是我国明代长城、烽燧、城堡、沟堑、藏兵洞、大峡谷、墩台等军事防御建筑大观园,是中国目前唯一保存最为完整的长城立体军事防御体系。水洞沟距首府银川19公里,距机场仅15分钟的车程,银青高速及辅道穿景区而过,交通便捷,有近距城市远离闹市的优势。
如果说文化是水洞沟的魂,那么创新是水洞沟发展的动力,全国遗址类的景区有很多,但是在传统博物馆参观性功能的基础上融入艺术性、文学性和高科技的创新元素,唯水洞沟有,水洞沟遗址博物院以270度超大型半景画、实景、幻影成像等展示形式,结合世界最先进的声、光、电、可调式地震平台等技术的运用,真实再现三万年前远古人类其乐融融渔猎生活和打制石器的生产场景以及暴雨倾盆、洪水肆掠、山崩地裂等震撼的灾难场景,场景的唯美和逼真,让人震撼,艺术的构思让游客很快融入三万年的生活场景中,三万年很久远,但在水洞沟博物院时光不再是距离,高科技让您瞬间实现三万年的穿越。
它开创了我国博物馆展示的新形式,是目前国内唯一、面积最大的室内观众介入式动感体验展馆,已成为水洞沟一大亮点。
水洞沟的神奇还在于它不仅是三万年年前远古人类繁衍生息之地,还是我国明代边赛重要的军事防御重地,在我国有长城的地方很多,但是长城、沟堑、城堡与险峻的大峡谷以及沿峡谷绝壁而凿的藏兵洞共同组成的立体军事防御体系,唯水洞沟有,遍布整个峡谷绝壁的藏兵洞,场面宏大,设计绝妙,洞内坑道、机关、暗器、瞭望台、兵器库、水井、将军休息室、议事厅、厨房等设施一应俱全,在这里您可身临其境的参观和体验明代地道战的惊险和刺激,战争的残酷和明代守军的聪明才智在这就可零距离体验和了解,极大满足了游客的好奇心和求知欲。已成为水洞沟的又一大亮点。
水洞沟的交通工具也很有特色,游船、驴车、骆驼车,非常悠然,在水洞沟旅游您会忘了城市的喧闹和心灵的繁杂,任时间就这样一直走下去。美丽、明朗、安然、闲逸、悠远、宁静、和谐,城市之外,乡村之外的水洞沟,绝对是游客放飞心情,享受自由的休闲旅游圣地。
一个景区半日,从三万年到五百年;从史前文化到边塞军旅文化;从土林景观,到高峡平湖;从大漠边关到江南秀色,可谓神奇!
水洞沟古人类文化遗址,位于宁夏灵武市临河镇水洞沟村,距银川市19公里,占地7.8平方公里。民国十二年(1920xx年),由法国古生物学家德日进、桑志华在这里发现,通过发掘,出土了大量石器和动物化石。水洞沟因此而成为中国最早发掘旧石器时代的古人类文化遗址,被誉为"中国史前考古的发祥地"、"中西方文化交流的历史见证",被国家列为"最具中华文明意义的百项考古发现"之一。
1988年被国务院公布为"全国重点文物保护单位"。20xx年8月,被公布为国家地质公园。20xx年7月,水洞沟景区成为国家aaaaa级旅游景区。
水洞沟是中国最早发掘的旧石器时代遗址之一,蕴藏着丰富而珍贵的史前资料,被列为国家""文物保护规划重大遗址之一。它向人们展示了距今3万年前古人类的生存画卷,是迄今为止我国在黄河地区唯一经过正式发掘的旧石器时代遗址。
80多年来,经过5次考古发掘,在水洞沟出土了3万多件石器和67件古动物化石。其中构成水洞沟文化基础的一些石制品、工具及石器制作修理技术,可以和欧洲、西亚、北非的莫斯特、奥瑞纳时期人类栖居地的石器相媲美。尤其是出土的大量勒瓦娄哇石核,与欧洲相当古老的奥瑞纳文化形状接近。对这种地区相隔遥远、文化雷同的现象,外国著名考古专家认为是人类"大距离迁徙的同化影响"。
20xx年的考古发掘中,出土的文物除石制品、动物碎骨和用火遗迹外,这次发掘尤其重要的是还出土了近百枚精美的环状装饰品。装饰品以鸵鸟蛋皮、骨片为原料,圆形,其外径一般在8毫米左右,用琢制和磨制结合的方法做成,中间钻小孔,孔径一般在2—3毫米,个别的有4毫米,有的表面还被矿物质颜料染过色。
完整、残缺、成品、半成品各种类型都有发现。这些装饰品小巧、规范,为目前在中国发现的旧石器时代同类遗物中制作最为精美者,极大地丰富了水洞沟文化的内涵,为研究当时人类的生产力水平、行为模式和审美能力提供了重要的信息。
水洞沟遗址所代表的文化,在阐述区域性石器技术传统的成因、远古文化的发掘和变异,以及晚更新人类在东北亚的迁移、扩散和交流具有重要地位,对3万多年前东西文化的比较研究具有十分重要的意义。
时光有时会埋没一切,时光有时亦会重现一切。直至目前,水洞沟依然是宁夏已知最早的人类文化遗址,随着考古发掘技术的不断进步和对其研究的持续深入,新的发现仍将层出不穷。
水洞沟是中国最早发掘的旧石器时代文化遗址,被誉为"中国史前考古的发祥地"、"中西方文化交流的历史见证"。是国家aaaa级旅游景区,全国重点文物保护单位,国家地质公园。被国家列为全国文物保护的100处大遗址之一、"最具中华文明意义的百项考古发现"之一;荣获"中国最值得外国人去的50个地方"银奖;中国唯一保存最完整的万里长城立体军事防御体系。
水洞沟遗址旅游区位于宁夏灵武市临河镇,西距银川市19公里,南距灵武市30公里,距河东机场11公里,地处银川河东旅游带的核心部位,北与内蒙古鄂尔多斯市相接,是连接宁蒙旅游的纽带,占地面积7.8平方公里。
水洞沟遗址记录了远古人类繁衍生息,同大自然搏斗的历史见证,蕴藏着丰富而珍贵的史前资料。它向人们展示了距今三万年前古人类的生存画卷,是迄今为止我国在黄河地区唯一经过正式发掘的旧石器时代遗址。80多年来,经过六次考古发掘,在水洞沟出土了三万多件石器和67件古动物化石。
其中构成水洞沟文化基础的一些石制品、工具及石器制作修理技术,可以和欧洲、西亚、北非的莫斯特、奥瑞纳时期人类栖居地的石器相媲美。尤其出土的大量勒瓦娄哇石核,与欧洲相当古老的奥瑞纳文化的形状接近。
对这种地区相隔遥远,文化雷同的现象,外国著名考古专家认为是人类"大距离迁徙的同化影响"。水洞沟遗址所代表的文化,在阐述区域性石器技术传统的成因、远古文化的发掘和变异,以及晚更新人类在东北亚的迁移,扩散和交流具有重要地位,对三万多年前东西文化的比较研究具有十分重要的意义。
大小洞天景区导游词讲解篇四
各位游客朋友，欢迎大家来水洞沟古人类文化遗址参观游览。水洞沟遗址位于宁夏灵武市临河镇水洞沟村，南距灵武市30千米，西距银川市19千米，距离河东机场11千米，北与内蒙古鄂前旗相接，占地面积7.8平方千米。科考发现，水洞沟地区是三万年前人类繁衍生息的圣地。1920xx年，法国古生物学家德日进、桑志华在这里发现了史前文化遗址，通过发掘，出土了大量石器和动物化石，水洞沟因此而成为我国最早发现旧石器时代的古人类文化遗址，被誉为“中国史前考古的发祥地”“中西方文化交流的历史见证”。1988年被列为全国重点文物保护单位，20xx年被国家旅游局评为aaaaa级旅游景区。
各位游客朋友，水洞沟遗址记录了远古人类繁衍生息，同大自然搏斗的历史见证，蕴藏着丰富而珍贵的史前资料。它向人们展示了距今三万年前古人类的生存画卷，是迄今为止我国在黄河地区唯一经过正式发掘的旧石器时代遗址。80多年来，经过六次考古发掘，在水洞沟出土了3万多件石器和67件古动物化石。其中构成水洞沟文化基础的一些石制品、工具及石器制作修理技术，可以和欧洲、西亚、北非的莫斯特、奥瑞纳时期人类栖居地的石器相媲美。尤其出土的大量勒瓦娄哇石核，与欧洲相当古老的奥瑞纳文化的形状接近。对这种地区相隔遥远，文化雷同的现象，外国著名考古专家认为是人类“大距离迁徙的同化影响”。水洞沟遗址所代表的文化，在阐述区域性石器技术传统的成因、远古文化的发掘和变异以及晚更新人类在东北亚的迁移、扩散和交流的研究上具有重要地位，对3万多年前东西文化的比较研究具有十分重要的意义。
各位游客朋友，水洞沟地区又是我国北方明代古长城、烽燧、城堡、沟堑、墩台等军事防御建筑大观园。保护区内，蜿蜒东去的长城、高台耸立的墩堠、古朴神秘的城堡、曲折幽深的沟堑令人目不暇接，让人遥想当年“甲士拥矛驰战垒，将军拔剑逐胡兵”的壮烈场面。水洞沟地处鄂尔多斯台地南缘，大自然造就的雅丹地貌，使这里充满了雄浑、奇特的荒谷神韵，经历了千万年的风沙雕蚀，这里集中了魔鬼城、卧驼岭、摩天崖、断云谷、柽柳沟等二十多处土林奇绝景观，使人望而生奇，顿生地老天荒、旷古玄远之叹。经过两年多的开发建设使水洞沟旅游区已经成为一个集旅游观光、科学考察、休闲娱乐、军事探密于一体的旅游区。随着水洞沟遗址博物馆的开馆，水洞沟景区又增添新的亮点。
各位游客朋友，现在我们来到了水洞沟最神秘的藏兵洞。现在我们看到悬崖上的一个个黑洞，就是著名的藏兵洞。所谓藏兵洞，是红山堡守军由地上转人地下，隐蔽，保护自己，伺机出击，或在空旷处设伏兵的地道。这是全国唯一保存最为完整的古代立体军事防御体系。我国的长城防御体系中，有长城、城堡和地下藏兵洞紧密联系在一起的在全国还没有，这里是独一处。
现在展现在大家眼前的藏兵洞，是我国最早的地道战遗址和原型。如果说抗战时期，八路军和游击队的地道战能让敌人胆战心惊，闻风丧胆，那么我们可以想象500多年前，明代的边塞守军也是以同样的智慧和勇敢将侵略者挡在了长城之外。过去，由于没有开发，根本没有进洞游览的条件。人们只知道藏兵洞道路曲折，像迷宫一般，再加上洞顶坍塌，多处被土掩盖，洞内设有陷阱，可能还有蛇蝎盘踞，所以，人们轻易不敢进洞走远。洞内到底是何情景，无人能说得清。这样，藏兵洞就成为一个十分神秘、人们望而生畏的去处。
如今，我们完全可以放心进去一饱眼福，但大家一定要跟着我，按照指示牌所指引的路线走，防止迷路，走不出来。
大家要格外小心，注意安全!
各位游客朋友，现在我们来到了水洞沟遗址博物馆。此馆建筑面积4308平方米，外形仿水洞沟出土的石器，是我国西北地区唯一展示旧石器时代文化面貌的主题博物馆。它在传统博物馆参观性功能的基础上融入艺术性、文学性和髙科技元素。以270度超大型半景画、实景、幻影成像等展示形式，结合世界最先进的声、光、电、可调式地震平台等技术的运用，真实再现了3万年前远古人类其乐融融的渔猎生活、打制石器的生产场景以及暴雨倾盆、洪水肆虐、山崩地裂等震撼人心的灾难场景，影像唯美而逼真，艺术的构思让游客很快融入3万年的生活场景中。3万年很久远，但在水洞沟博物院，时光不再是距离，高科技让您瞬间实现3万年的穿越。它开创了我国博物馆展示的新形式，是目前国内唯一、面积最大的室内观众介人式动感体验展馆。
大小洞天景区导游词讲解篇五
水洞沟地区又是中国北方明代古长城、烽燧、城堡、沟堑、墩台等军事防御建筑大观园。保护区内，蜿蜒东去的长城、高台耸立的墩堠、古朴神秘的城堡、曲折幽深的沟堑令人目不暇接，令人遥想当年“甲士拥矛驰战垒，将军拔剑逐胡兵”的壮烈场面。
水洞沟旅游区已经成为一个集旅游观光、科学考察、休闲娱乐、军事探密为一体的旅游区。随着水洞沟遗址博物馆、宁夏长城博物馆20xx年开馆，水洞沟景区又将增添新的亮点。
遗址博物馆
水洞沟遗址博物院，它的外形仿水洞沟出土的名为石核的石器建造而成，建筑面积4308平方米，水洞沟遗址博物院以雕塑、展板、投影、文物展出以及讲解的形式，可以了解人类进化的起源、水洞沟文化的兴起以及水洞沟遗址五次考古发掘的过程与成果，同时，还有12分钟的动态演出，让我们实景体验三万年前原始人生产、生活以及面临山洪暴发、山崩地裂的灾难时被迫迁徙的场景。
实景体验疯狂原始人
实景体验馆将高科技、艺术性、文学性等元素融合，使万年的时光和历史场景倒流，让您亲眼见证远古水洞沟从植被繁茂、动物成群，到气候变迁、环境恶化，水洞沟人不得不远走他乡的过程。与水洞沟远古先民一起亲身体验3万年前远古祖先的采集、打猎、祭祀、恋爱以及围着篝火烤食猎物，载歌载舞的生产生活场景，以及暴雨，洪水，地震等灾难来临时的震撼场景。通过高科技逼真的还原演绎，带你穿越3万年的时空距离。
张三小店
1920xx年，当一阵悠扬的驼铃声从远处渐渐传来时，有家名叫张三小店的车马店主人知道一定是有客人从远方来了。于是，主人张三和妻子早早站在门口迎接，来者是两位黄发蓝眼的外国人，后来张三夫妇才知道他们正是法国古生物学家德日进和桑志华，他们这次是从天津出发沿黄河沿岸进行考察，在途经水洞沟时由于天色已晚就住进了张三小店。
院内陈列着四尊雕像，他们分别是法国古生物学家德日进、桑志华，中国考古学家裴文中和贾兰坡先生。这几位都是对水洞沟的考古发掘做出过巨大贡献的杰出人士。
水洞沟村
古老的水洞沟村是由北方的先民们创造了窖洞式和地穴式的居室方式。这种居室往往是建在黄土层较厚的山坡或沟岸上，具有冬暖夏凉的特点。水洞沟人在此基础上改进了这种居住方式，发展成一种半地穴式建筑形式。其方法是在黄土坡上先挖出一定深度的地穴，然后在地穴四壁确定为墙壁的地基上，用土坯(pī)垒墙，使之达到一定高度，再以桁(xíng)条，木椽搭顶，复以柴草，柴草上面糊以泥土，防止漏水。水洞沟村就是这样一个古老的半地穴式的聚集村落遗址，我国西北地区群众习称其为“地窝子”。水洞沟村聚落共有29处地穴式建筑遗址，我们选择了其中的一些进行了恢复，让我们能够直观地了解先民们的居住形式。
芦花谷
水洞沟旅游区有三公里长的芦花谷，芦花谷内芦苇摇曳生姿，走在其间的小路上，陶醉在那苇荡丛中，此刻心情一片宁静。湖泊面积近30万平方米，其中鸳鸯湖上修有原生态木桥4座，凉亭两处，湖面上，芦苇丛中百鸟翔集。碧绿的湖水、清脆的鸟鸣、唯美的画面，是休闲娱乐的好去处。红山湖内绿波荡漾，游船往来，水岸长城，难得一见，在游船上观赏雄伟的古长城，别有一番情趣。当你还没有从土林景观的童话世界中走出的时候，下船登上码头，又掉入了一个世外桃源内，那就是景区内的沙枣湾。沙枣湾里沙枣树丛生，六七月份沙枣花开的时候，那一阵阵的清香又让你流连忘返。
明长城
水洞沟遗址旅游区内明代军事立体防御体系区是由明长城、藏兵洞、边沟、大峡谷、红山堡、瓮城等共同构成的。
旅游区的明长城为土夯长城，是宁夏境内相对保存最完整的一段长城遗址。明长城西至入黄河巨龙的长城小龙头称为两龙交汇处，东至盐池境内。站在长城上放眼眺望，北边的毛乌素沙漠，南边的水洞沟景区地貌尽收眼底。
水洞沟长城观景台
水洞沟长城观景台是一座、一脚跨两省的长城观景台。在水洞沟旅游区您可以闲庭信步于明长城脚下，或者登上新修建的长城观景台，一脚跨两省，站在长城上放眼眺望，北边的毛乌素沙漠，是浓厚西北大漠风貌;而在南边的水洞沟，湖泊湿地、高峡平湖尽显江南秀色，给您别样的体验。
水洞沟长城观景台，是览水洞沟大峡谷和芦花谷美景的最佳观赏地。站在观景台上，沟壑纵横，地形独特的土林景观仿佛就在脚下，跌宕逶迤直达峡谷深处。整片翠绿的芦苇荡随风摆荡，风景蔚为壮观;时而野鸽飞翔，红嘴鸭叫声四起，泉水潺潺发出声响，汇集成溪。
野性草原牧家乐
翻过长城，就到到了520xx年前的鞑靼、瓦剌修养生息、驰骋疆场的蒙古野性草原，在
辽阔旖旎的野性草原体验一下蒙古人的野性豪放的生活，做一回纯正的蒙古人。 野性草原沙漠冲浪车、野性草原骑骆驼、沙漠卡丁车等精彩刺激的娱乐项目等着您!
红山湖
登上坝顶，我们眼前呈现的是“高峡出平湖”的又一奇特景观，这片湖面因位于红山地区，所以名为“红山湖”。“红山湖”也是蓄积边沟之水而成的，丰水期，湖面可于峡谷中向东延伸2公里多，上空常有鹰鹤翱翔，水面上时有鸳鸯、野鸭游弋，山中野草青青，景色非常优美。
乘船荡漾的红山湖中，可以观看水岸长城，体验人与水鸟和谐共处;长城、断崖倒映水中;蓝天白云，映于水底的别样番情趣。这种天人合一，历史文化和当今生态有机结合的塞上江南景观，实是不可多得，真可谓“舟行碧波上，人在画中游”。
大峡谷
从水洞沟到红山堡之间，有长约4公里的峡谷，本是大自然的“杰作”，但明代时，这又成了长城“深沟高垒”防御体系的重要组成部分。峡谷两岸经常年的风雨剥蚀，沟壑纵横，深厚的黄土经长期的雨水冲刷，土柱突兀壁立，造型奇特，形成了“土林”。“土林”又经大自然鬼斧神工雕琢般地形成千奇百怪的形像。有的像僧人登高远眺，似在期待来者;有的宛如一对恋人，相亲相依;有的如夫妻相敬，
双方对拜，琳琳总总，各具形态，给人以无尽的遐想。在峡谷的两边的崖壁上有明代将士修建的藏兵洞，它充分显示了古代人民的军事智慧和聪明才智。
藏兵洞
在峡谷两侧悬崖上的一个个黑洞，就是著名的“藏兵洞”，所谓藏兵洞，是红山堡守军由地上转入地下，隐蔽军队，保护自己，伺机出击，或在空旷处设伏兵的地道。这在我国是保存较为完整的古代立体军事防御体系。在我国的长城防御体系中，把长城、城堡和地下藏兵洞紧密联系在一起的防御系统，全国这是独一处。 奇特的藏兵洞高出沟底10多米，蜿蜒曲折于悬壁之上中，上下相通，左右相连，洞中分叉路口颇多，左右盘旋，犹如迷宫久久不见尽头。洞内辟有居室、粮食储藏室、水井、灶台、兵器库、火药库、炮台、陷阱、暗器孔道等设施。
大小洞天景区导游词讲解篇六
各位游客朋友，欢迎大家来水洞沟古人类文化遗址参观游览。水洞沟遗址位于宁夏灵武市临河镇水洞沟村，南距灵武市30千米，西距银川市19千米，距离河东机场11千米，北与内蒙古鄂前旗相接，占地面积7.8平方千米。科考发现，水洞沟地区是三万年前人类繁衍生息的圣地。1920xx年，法国古生物学家德日进、桑志华在这里发现了史前文化遗址，通过发掘，出土了大量石器和动物化石，水洞沟因此而成为我国最早发现旧石器时代的古人类文化遗址，被誉为“中国史前考古的发祥地”“中西方文化交流的历史见证”。1988年被列为全国重点文物保护单位，20xx年被国家旅游局评为aaaaa级旅游景区。
各位游客朋友，水洞沟遗址记录了远古人类繁衍生息，同大自然搏斗的历史见证，蕴藏着丰富而珍贵的史前资料。它向人们展示了距今三万年前古人类的生存画卷，是迄今为止我国在黄河地区唯一经过正式发掘的旧石器时代遗址。80多年来，经过六次考古发掘，在水洞沟出土了3万多件石器和67件古动物化石。其中构成水洞沟文化基础的一些石制品、工具及石器制作修理技术，可以和欧洲、西亚、北非的莫斯特、奥瑞纳时期人类栖居地的石器相媲美。尤其出土的大量勒瓦娄哇石核，与欧洲相当古老的奥瑞纳文化的形状接近。对这种地区相隔遥远，文化雷同的现象，外国著名考古专家认为是人类“大距离迁徙的同化影响”。水洞沟遗址所代表的文化，在阐述区域性石器技术传统的成因、远古文化的发掘和变异以及晚更新人类在东北亚的迁移、扩散和交流的研究上具有重要地位，对3万多年前东西文化的比较研究具有十分重要的意义。
各位游客朋友，水洞沟地区又是我国北方明代古长城、烽燧、城堡、沟堑、墩台等军事防御建筑大观园。保护区内，蜿蜒东去的长城、高台耸立的墩堠、古朴神秘的城堡、曲折幽深的沟堑令人目不暇接，让人遥想当年“甲士拥矛驰战垒，将军拔剑逐胡兵”的壮烈场面。水洞沟地处鄂尔多斯台地南缘，大自然造就的雅丹地貌，使这里充满了雄浑、奇特的荒谷神韵，经历了千万年的风沙雕蚀，这里集中了魔鬼城、卧驼岭、摩天崖、断云谷、柽柳沟等二十多处土林奇绝景观，使人望而生奇，顿生地老天荒、旷古玄远之叹。经过两年多的开发建设使水洞沟旅游区已经成为一个集旅游观光、科学考察、休闲娱乐、军事探密于一体的旅游区。随着水洞沟遗址博物馆的开馆，水洞沟景区又增添新的亮点。
各位游客朋友，现在我们来到了水洞沟最神秘的藏兵洞。现在我们看到悬崖上的一个个黑洞，就是著名的藏兵洞。所谓藏兵洞，是红山堡守军由地上转人地下，隐蔽军队，保护自己，伺机出击，或在空旷处设伏兵的地道。这是全国唯一保存最为完整的古代立体军事防御体系。我国的长城防御体系中，有长城、城堡和地下藏兵洞紧密联系在一起的在全国还没有，这里是独一处。
现在展现在大家眼前的藏兵洞，是我国最早的地道战遗址和原型。如果说抗战时期，八路军和游击队的地道战能让敌人胆战心惊，闻风丧胆，那么我们可以想象500多年前，明代的边塞守军也是以同样的智慧和勇敢将侵略者挡在了长城之外。过去，由于没有开发，根本没有进洞游览的条件。人们只知道藏兵洞道路曲折，像迷宫一般，再加上洞顶坍塌，多处被土掩盖，洞内设有陷阱，可能还有蛇蝎盘踞，所以，人们轻易不敢进洞走远。洞内到底是何情景，无人能说得清。这样，藏兵洞就成为一个十分神秘、人们望而生畏的去处。
如今，我们完全可以放心进去一饱眼福，但大家一定要跟着我，按照指示牌所指引的路线走，防止迷路，走不出来。
大家要格外小心，注意安全!
各位游客朋友，现在我们来到了水洞沟遗址博物馆。此馆建筑面积4308平方米，外形仿水洞沟出土的石器，是我国西北地区唯一展示旧石器时代文化面貌的主题博物馆。它在传统博物馆参观性功能的基础上融入艺术性、文学性和髙科技元素。以270度超大型半景画、实景、幻影成像等展示形式，结合世界最先进的声、光、电、可调式地震平台等技术的运用，真实再现了3万年前远古人类其乐融融的渔猎生活、打制石器的生产场景以及暴雨倾盆、洪水肆虐、山崩地裂等震撼人心的灾难场景，影像唯美而逼真，艺术的构思让游客很快融入3万年的生活场景中。3万年很久远，但在水洞沟博物院，时光不再是距离，高科技让您瞬间实现3万年的穿越。它开创了我国博物馆展示的新形式，是目前国内唯一、面积最大的室内观众介人式动感体验展馆。
大小洞天景区导游词讲解篇七
dear tourists
welcome to ningxia for sightseeing. first of all, please allow me tointroduce ningxia to you.
ningxia is located in the northwest inland area of the motherland, in themiddle and upper reaches of the yellow river, with a total land area of 66400square kilometers. now it has jurisdiction over yinchuan and shizuishan, yinnanand guyuan, wuzhong, qingtongxia and lingwu, 6 districts and 15 counties. thepopulation of the whole region is 5.36 million.
ningxia is the only hui autonomous region in china, and the hui populationaccounts for about 1 / 3 of the total population of the region. hui peoplebelieve in islam, and there are more than 3000 large and small mosques in thewhole autonomous region, so ningxia is also known as the "hometown of muslims"in china.
(history and culture)
ningxia is one of the birthplaces of chinese civilization. the excavationof shuidonggou site in lingwu city on the bank of the yellow river shows thathuman beings lived and multiplied in the paleolithic age 30000 years ago. in theqin dynasty, it belonged to beidi county, where the qin army garrisoned thefrontier to fight against the huns. in han dynasty, it was spanided into twoparts: shuofang and ciliang. in the tang dynasty, the economy of agriculture andanimal husbandry was greatly developed. at the beginning of the 11th century,the dangxiang nationality took ningxia as the center, established the xixiaregime and created the splendid xixia culture. after the yuan dynasty destroyedxixia, ningxia province was set up, which means "pacify xixia forever", so itbegan to have the name of ningxia. in the ming dynasty, ningxia wei wasreformed, and in the qing dynasty, gansu province was established. ningxiaprovince was founded in 1928. in 1654, the provincial system was abolished andspanided into inner mongolia and gansu provinces. ningxia hui autonomous regionwas established in 1958.
ningxia is located in the transitional zone between the central plainsculture and grassland culture, and also the blending zone of hetao culture andthe silk road. the ancient and far-reaching yellow river culture, distinctiveislamic culture, unique xixia culture, distinctive immigrant culture and richand broad frontier cultural tools have left many precious relics and explorationopportunities for future generations in this magical land the mystery of theworld.
(topography and climate)
tourists, the terrain of ningxia is high in the south and low in the ins and plateaus account for about 3 / 4 of the whole area. the rest isplain area, of which desert accounts for 8% of the area of ningxia. in terms ofterrain distribution, from north to south are helan mountain, ningxia plain,ordos grassland, loess plateau, liupan mountain, etc., with an average altitudeof more than 1000 meters. the helan mountains in the north stretch for 250kilometers and become the natural barrier of ningxia plain, while the lushliupan mountains in the south. the ancient yellow river flows northward throughthe central and northern parts of ningxia, with a total flow of 397 kilometersin ningxia and 12 counties and cities. the ningxia section of the yellow riverhas a wide water surface and is irrigated and cultivated. their hard work hasmade ningxia a beautiful "south of the yangtze river" with crisscross ditches,fragrant rice and fish, fragrant melons and fruits. this can be confirmed by thepoem of the tang dynasty poet "orchards under helan mountain, old famous innorthern and southern china".
in addition, ningxia is located in a high latitude, with large temperaturedifference between day and night, relatively high temperature of direct sunlightduring the day, significantly lower temperature of residual heat of air swept atnight, and about 15 ℃ temperature difference between day and night in rainy season is concentrated in summer, but the precipitation is a's sky is bright, "blue sky, white clouds floating, white clouds underthe horse run" is a true portrayal of ningxia's weather and customs.
(tourism landscape)
various types of natural landscape and eclectic multi-culturalcharacteristics bring rich tourism resources to ningxia. as "the last virginland of china's tourism", ningxia has been favored by tourists at home andabroad in recent years. when you come to ningxia for tourism, you can enjoy its"six characteristics" from different angles: ancient yellow river culture,majestic desert scenery, mysterious xixia dynasty, rich homecoming customs,charming six scenes, and beautiful south of the great wall. there are xixiamausoleum known as "oriental pyramid", 108 towers, the largest lama stylearchitectural complex in china, helan mountain rock painting, the pearl of sandsea, shapotou, and shahu lake, which is rated as one of china's 35 ace touristattractions by the national tourism administration. at present, some specialtourism projects have been developed, such as riding on sheep skin rafts,crossing the tengger desert by camel, imitating the ancient style of xixia, huicustoms, sand lake bird watching, walking on the great wall, ecologicalagriculture sightseeing and so on. the tour of ningxia has many points, a widerange, a long line, such as songs, poems, and paintings, giving people uniqueenjoyment.
(hui customs)
tourists, when they come to ningxia, they should especially accept thecustoms of the hui people, because ningxia is the area with the largest numberof hui people in china (the number of hui people in china's 55 ethnic minoritiesis second only to zhuang people). let's talk about the hui people's beliefs,programs, customs, emergencies and costumes.
hui people believe in islam, so they have a close relationship with the ming and qing dynasties, chinese islamic scholars introduced islamicdoctrines in terms of "purity and pollution", "truth is the only one", "supremelove and truth" and "allah's original supremacy is called halal". ancient islamwas also known as "halal religion". islamic mosque is called "mosque", muslimfood is called "halal food", muslim restaurants and food stores are used to usethe word "qingzhen" as a sign. there are more than 3000 mosques in ningxia, allover the country. according to the requirements of the ancient x sutra, huimuslims should observe five tasks, namely, recitation (prayer), ritual(worship), fasting (fasting), lesson (donation) and pilgrimage (pilgrimage).
islam's eid al fitr, guerbang festival and holy ji festival are also thethree major festivals of hui muslims. as the name suggests, eid al fitr is thefirst day after the end of ramadan. it is 70 days after eid al fitr. the arabicword "gurbang" means killing animals, so it is also called eid al fitr. the holyseason is held on the 12th of march every year to commemorate the birth ofmuhammad __, the founder of islam.
the hui nationality is also deeply influenced by islam in birth naming,marriage and funeral. after the birth of the hui children, they should be namedafter the imam, which is called "jing ming". after fulfilling the legalprocedures, the imam presided over the ceremony, recited the ancient x sutra andtestified the marriage of the hui youth. three days later, the bride and groomgo back to their parents' home, which is called "return door". the hui people'sfuneral is an earth burial, which advocates plain burial instead of the body is washed, it is wrapped in white cloth and buried in the earthcave. relatives first meet seven, and then meet the annual sacrifice. hui peoplehave good health habits. before worship, they have to take a bath. "xiaojing"washes their hair, hands and feet with a soup bottle, "dajing" washes theirwhole body with a hanging jar. the courtyard of hui nationality is clean andorderly. the bucket used to carry water is buckled on the stone slab, and thebucket used to lift water from the well is hung on the wall and cannot fall tothe ground.
hui people avoid idolatry. fasting of dead animals, blood, pigs, horses,donkeys, mules, dogs and other non ruminant animals. the hui people take martialarts and fitness as their virtue, so most of them have a long life.
in terms of clothing, most hui men wear small white or black hats, whichare called worship hats. women usually wear a white cap or cap without edge tocover their hair. girls usually wear green, married women wear black, and theelderly wear white. hui women like to wear earrings, rings, bracelets andheadwear.
(specialty and flavor)
tourists, the specialty and flavor of ningxia can be summed up in twosentences: "wu baoyao is a tourist, long thought, long thought, do not want toreturn."
ningxia's special products, which want to be praised by the world, aremedlar, licorice, helanshi, tanyangpi and nostoc flagelliforme. they are calledfive treasures because of their red, yellow, blue, white and black barbarum timely chinese medicine boutique, advantage kidney health ce is praised as "the king of traditional chinese medicine". the inkstonemade of helan stone is not only a practical product of the four treasures of thestudy, but also a precious craft collection. ningxia tan sheep is one of theexcellent fur sheep in china. it is usually made of tan sheep lambs' second furfor about one month. its excellent quality and unique style are well-known athome and abroad. nostoc flagelliforme is one of the "eight treasures", which hasboth edible function and medicinal value. however, digging nostoc flagelliformewill seriously damage the environment and lead to land ore, nostoc flagelliforme has been listed as a national first-class keyprotected and managed wild sand fixing plant, and its collection and sale areprohibited.
the local flavor of ningxia is unique because it has chinese traditionalflavor. its halal flavor snacks are not only cherished by the majority ofmuslims, but also enjoyed by people of all ethnic groups. they are fragrant withoil, crispy and crisp sanzi, as well as the most distinctive beverage, gaiwantea. muslim chefs also created a series of muslim dishes, such as bowl steamedsheep, instant boiled mutton, crystal sheep head, stewed beef tendon, braisedmutton, pan fried duck, pigeon egg steamed vegetables, sweet and sour yellowriver carp and so on. among them, "eight bowls", the hui people's feast withstew as the main dish, is the hui people's festive feast. ningxia snacks alsoinclude beef and mutton, tuanbao, niangpizi, hui rape, niuganba, etc., withvarious names and characteristics. there is a snack street in the downtown areaof yinchuan. tourists may as well go through the streets and enjoy it.
dear tourists, this is the general situation of ningxia. maybe after youtake you to ningxia, you will feel the same sigh as me: ningxia is the mostbeautiful after you travel all over the mountains and rivers!
大小洞天景区导游词讲解篇八
这里向大家展示的是水洞沟出土的古动物化石，从这些展示出来的动物化石可以看出远古时代动物的体积一般都比较庞大，这是水洞沟出土的大角鹿，这种古鹿的角大得惊人，角面的宽度，通常有2.5米，所以叫它大角鹿，它是远古水洞沟的主要捕猎对象。
肿骨鹿(也称肿骨大角鹿)、是大角鹿属的一种。它的个体大小如麋鹿。头骨和四肢骨也很粗壮。下颌骨有明显的肿厚现象，因而得名肿骨鹿。
原始牛头，从这个牛角可以看出，当时的野牛体型庞大，据专家推算， 若将它还原出来，重量约为2吨，相当于一个未成年小象的重量。
普氏野马体型健硕，体长约2.8米，高1米以上，体重约为300公斤 编号013 水洞沟出土石器展示
1、勒瓦娄哇石核最早发现在法国巴黎勒瓦娄哇佩雷，因此取名勒瓦娄哇石核，属欧洲旧石器中期莫斯特文化，由尼安德特人创造的石器打制技术，在打制石片之前，将原始石料的石皮剥离，留下石头内部，我们一般称之为石核，再把石核经过精心修理使之一面平整一面隆起，像一个倒置龟甲，这样的石核产片率很高，一般均在四片以上，形成石片多边有薄刃，可直接使用。它代表当时世界最先进石器打制技术。由于水洞沟出土的石器材料与欧洲莫斯特文化基本相似，考古专家对这种地区相隔遥远、文化雷同的现象，认为是人类“大距离迁徙的同化影响”,所以把水洞沟出土的这种石器类型直接命名为勒瓦娄哇石核。水洞沟遗址博物馆外形就是仿制此石器类型建造的。
2、尖状器，这件石器器形端正，一端尖锐，两边薄刃对称，请大家猜一下它的作用，没错，它形似箭头，大一点的尖状器，可以绑在木头顶端，用作投掷工具捕杀猎物，小一些可以用来钻孔它形似箭头，主要用于制作投掷工具来捕杀猎物。这是水洞沟出土的典型石器之一。
3、刮削器是切割、刮、削工具，一般用于切割肉类、兽皮、分割动物肢体、谷物的根茎，也用于截断、修理中小木棒等工具，是打制石器中最常见的工具，类似与现在的刀具。
4、磨盘，水洞沟古人生活年代上至三万年，下至一万年，不仅经历了旧石器时代晚期，而且也包含新石器时代，新旧石器时代最大的区别在于石器制作方式的不同，旧石器以打制为主，我们刚刚看到的尖状器即为打制石器，新石器时代以磨制为主，那么大家看到的这件磨盘，就是新时期时代的工具了，它更加能够体现人类的主观能动性，以自己的需求磨制出理想的器形，这也是人类在不断的劳动过程中逐渐变得更加聪明的有力证据。
我们在前面曾提醒大家注意比较一下水洞沟出土的石器的形状和中国其他遗址出土的石器的区别：我们仔细看一下，就会发现，水洞沟出土的石器比较规整精细，尤其是石叶石器，长薄规整，这也充分说明了水洞沟人当时，使用着世界最先进的石器，这是我国迄今为止发现的其他旧石器时代古人类所不能比拟的。
大小洞天景区导游词讲解篇九
dear tourists, welcome to visit the shuidonggou ancient human culturalsite. shuidonggou site is located in shuidonggou village, linhe town, lingwucity, ningxia. it is 30 kilometers away from lingwu city in the south, 19kilometers away from yinchuan city in the west, 11 kilometers away from hedongairport, and connected with ejian banner of inner mongolia in the north,covering an area of 7.8 square kilometers. scientific research found thatshuidonggou area is the holy land of human reproduction 30000 years ago. in1923, french paleontologists de rijin and sang zhihua discovered a prehistoriccultural site here. through excavation, a large number of stone tools and animalfossils were unearthed. therefore, shuidonggou became the earliest paleolithiccultural site in china, known as "the birthplace of chinese prehistoricarchaeology" and "the historical witness of cultural exchanges between china andthe west". in 1988, it was listed as a national key cultural relics protectionunit, and in 20__, it was rated as aaaaa tourist attraction by the nationaltourism administration.
dear tourists, shuidonggou site records the historical witness of ancienthuman reproduction and struggle with nature, and contains rich and preciousprehistoric materials. it is the only paleolithic site officially excavated inthe yellow river area in china so far. over the past 80 years, through sixarchaeological excavations, more than 30000 stone tools and 67 fossil animalshave been unearthed in shuidonggou. among them, some stone products, tools andstone making and repairing techniques, which form the basis of shuidonggouculture, can be compared with the stone tools of moste and orina periods ineurope, west asia and north africa. in particular, a large number of lewalowastone cores unearthed are close to the shape of orina culture, which is quiteancient in europe. for this phenomenon of distant distance and culturalsimilarity, foreign famous archaeologists believe that it is "the assimilationeffect of human long-distance migration". the culture represented by shuidonggousite plays an important role in the study of the origin of regional stonetechnology tradition, the excavation and variation of ancient culture, and themigration, diffusion and exchange of late renewal human beings in northeastasia. it is of great significance to the comparative study of eastern andwestern cultures more than 30000 years ago.
dear tourists, shuidonggou area is also a grand view garden of militarydefense buildings in northern china, such as the ming dynasty great wall,beacon, castle, gully, pier, etc. in the nature reserve, the great wall windingeastward, the mound and hough towering on the high platform, the simple andmysterious castle, and the winding and deep ditch make people dizzy. it makespeople think of the heroic scene of "the first soldiers holding spears to fightagainst the base, and the general pulling out swords to chase hu soldiers".shuidonggou is located in the southern margin of ordos platform. the yadanlandform created by nature makes it full of powerful and peculiar charm ofbarren valley. after tens of millions of years of wind and sand carving anderosion, there are more than 20 unique native forest landscapes, such as ghostcity, wotuoling, motianya, duanyungu, tamarix valley, etc., which make peoplemarvel at the sight and sigh at the end of time. after more than two years ofdevelopment and construction, shuidonggou tourist area has become a tourist areaintegrating tourism, scientific investigation, leisure and entertainment, andmilitary exploration. with the opening of shuidonggou site museum, shuidonggouscenic area has added new highlights.
dear tourist friends, now we come to the most mysterious tibetan soldiercave in shuidonggou. now we see a black hole on the cliff, which is the famoustibetan soldier cave. the so-called tibetan soldier cave is a tunnel where thegarrison of hongshanbao turns from the ground to the ground, conceals the army,protects itself, waits for an opportunity to attack, or sets up an ambush in anopen place. this is the only and most complete ancient three-dimensionalmilitary defense system in china. in the defense system of the great wall of ourcountry, the great wall, the castle and the underground hiding soldier cave areclosely linked, but they are not in the whole country. this is the onlyplace.
the tibetans cave, now in front of you, is the earliest tunnel warfare siteand prototype in china. if we can say that the tunnel warfare between the eighthroute army and the guerrillas during the anti japanese war can make the enemyscared, we can imagine that more than 500 years ago, the frontier garrison ofthe ming dynasty blocked the invaders out of the great wall with the same wisdomand courage. in the past, due to the lack of development, there was no conditionto enter the cave for sightseeing. people only know that the road of zangbingcave is like a labyrinth. in addition, the cave roof collapses, many places arecovered by soil, there are traps in the cave, and there may be snakes andscorpions. therefore, people dare not go far into the cave. no one can tellexactly what is inside the cave. in this way, the cave becomes a very mysteriousplace for people to fear.
now, we can safely go in and have a good look, but you must follow me andfollow the route guided by the signs to prevent you from getting lost and unableto get out.
we should be extra careful and pay attention to safety!
dear tourists, now we come to shuidonggou ruins museum. the museum, with aconstruction area of 4308 square meters and a shape similar to the stone toolsunearthed from shuidonggou, is the only theme museum in northwest china todisplay the cultural features of the paleolithic age. on the basis of thevisiting function of traditional museums, it integrates artistic, literary andhigh-tech elements. with 270 degree super large halfview, real scene, phantomimaging and other display forms, combined with the application of the world'smost advanced sound, light, electricity, adjustable seismic platform and othertechnologies, it truly reproduces the happy fishing and hunting life of ancientpeople 30000 years ago, the production scene of making stone tools, and theheart shaking disaster scenes such as rainstorm, flood, landslides, etc., withbeautiful and realistic images the artistic conception makes tourists quicklyintegrate into the 30000 year life scene. 30000 years is a long time, but inshuidonggou museum, time is no longer a distance. high technology allows you totravel 30000 years in an instant. it creates a new form of museum exhibition inchina, and is the only and largest indoor audience's interactive experiencepavilion in china.
大小洞天景区导游词讲解篇十
现在您参观的这部分属于一个完整的防御洞道，在这里的墙壁上没有放置油灯的小洞，说明在明代，他们自己人一般不进入，只为诱导敌人进入，以便为自己节省人力。
大型陷阱 室内
在这个大型陷阱中，您可以看到很多暗器，当时他们用削尖的竹子置于陷阱底部，竹子的韧性很强，杀伤力很强。
凹凸阵的以及眼下的木头都是一些为减缓敌人进攻速度所设置的障碍物。
生死门 室内
生死门，顾名思义，即有生有死，左边生路，就是一个简单的过道，右边死门，因为这里会设置暗器和机关，走的时候可以留意脚下，这些机关启动以后会有箭头射出，进入此路可谓九死一生。另外当敌人进入生死门的通道，明代士兵会从侧洞中出来将两扇门关闭，使得敌人困于门内。
软绳阵 室内
软绳阵的设置事实上没有太大杀伤力，可是经过前面几道鬼门关，这里可以打心理战，即使看见暗器如何设置，也不敢贸然前进。
