范文为教学中作为模范的文章，也常常用来指写作的模板。常常用于文秘写作的参考，也可以作为演讲材料编写前的参考。范文书写有哪些要求呢？我们怎样才能写好一篇范文呢？以下是小编为大家收集的优秀范文，欢迎大家分享阅读。
bec中级考试真题篇一
however attractive the figures may look on paper, in the long run the success or failure of a merger depends on the human factor. when the agreement has been signed and the accountants have departed, the real problems may only just be beginning. if there is a culture clash between the two companies in the way their people work, then all the efforts of the financiers and lawyers to strike a deal may have been in vain.
according to chris bolton of ks management consultants, 70% of mergers fail to live up to their promise of shareholder value, riot through any failure in economic terms but because the integration of people is unsuccessful. corporates, he explains, concentrate their efforts before a merger on legal, technical and financial matters. they employ a range of experts to obtain the most favourable contract possible. but even at these early stages, people issues must be taken into consideration. the strengths and weaknesses of both organisations should be assessed and, if it is a merger of equals, then careful thought should be given to which personnel, from which side, should take on the key roles.
this was the issue in 2001 when the proposed merger between two pharmaceutical companies promised to create one of the largest players in the industry. for both companies the merger was intended to reverse falling market share and shareholder value. however, although the companies skill bases were compatible, the chief executives of the two companies could not agree which of them was to head up the new organisation. this illustrates the need to compromise if a merger is to take place.
but even in mergers that do go ahead, there can be culture clashes. one way to avoid this is to work with focus groups to see how employees view the existing culture of their organisation. in one example, where two global organisations in the food sector were planning to merge, focus groups discovered that the companies displayed very different profiles. one was sales-focused, knew exactly what it wanted to achieve and pushed initiatives through. the other got involved in lengthy discussions, trying out options methodically and making contingency plans. the first responded quickly to changes in the marketplace; the second took longer, but the option it eventually chose was usually the correct one. neither companys approach would have worked for the other.
the answer is not to adopt one companys approach, or even to try to incorporate every aspect of both organisations, but to create a totally new culture. this means ta（)king the best from both sides and making a new organisation that everyone can accept. or almost everyone. inevitably there will be those who cannot adapt to a different culture. research into the impact of mergers has found that companies with differing management styles are the ones that need to work hardest at creating a new culture.
another tool that can help to get the right cultural mix is intercultural analysis. this involves carrying out research that looks at the culture of a company and the business culture of the country in which it is based. it identifies how people, money and time are managed in a company, and investigates the business customs of the country and how its politics, economics and history impact on the way business is done.
13 according to the text, mergers can encounter problems when
a contracts are signed too quickly.
b experts cannot predict accurate figures.
c conflicting attitudes cannot be resolved.
d staff are opposed to the terms of the deal.
14 according to chris bolton, what do many organisations do in preparation for a merger?
a ensure their interests are represented
b give reassurances to shareholders
c consider the effect of a merger on employees
d analyse the varying strengths of their staff
15 the proposed merger of two pharmaceutical groups failed because
a major shareholders were opposed.
b there was a fall in the demand for their products.
c there were problems combining their areas of expertise.
d an issue of personal rivalry could not be resolved.
16 according to the text, focus groups can help companies to
a develop new initiatives.
b adopt contingency plans.
c be decisive and react rapidly.
d evaluate how well matched they are.
17 creating a new culture in a newly merged organisation means that
a management styles become more flexible.
b there is more chance of the merger working.
c staff will find it more difficult to adapt to the changes.
d successful elements of the original organisations are lost.
18 according to the text, intercultural analysis will show
a what kind of benefits a merger can lead to.
b how the national context affects the way a company is run.
c how long it will take for a company culture to develop.
d what changes companies should make before a merger takes place.
《achieving a successful merger》，实现一个成功的并购。文章没有从技术和经济效益的角度来分析并购成功的因素，而是强调了一个在并购中容易被忽视的重要因素：文化冲突。不同的企业文化走到了一起，能否兼容是并购能否成功的关键因素。一个比较著名的例子是当年惠普与康柏的并购。
第十三题，问什么情况下并购会遇到麻烦。答案是a段的最后一句，关键词是culture clash：如果两个公司的员工在工作方式上存在文化冲突，那么金融专家和律师们为了达成交易所做的一切努力都是徒劳的。所以选c：冲突性的态度无法得到解决。conflicting attitude对应于culture clash。attitude具体指公司员工做事情的方式和态度。
第十四题，问很多机构为并购所做的准备是什么。答案是第二段的这么一句话：corporates, he explains, concentrate their efforts before a merger on legal, technical and financial matters。公司都把精力集中在法律、技术和金融事务上了。也就是更多的看重经济等方面的利益，而忽视了人的因素。选a：确保他们的利益得到很好的反映，也就是自己的利益有保障。represent在这里的意思是be present or found in something, especially to a particular degree。
第十五题，问这俩医药公司并购失败的原因是什么。答案是第三段的倒数第二句：the chief executives of the two companies could not agree which of them was to head up the new organisation.在谁来领导新的机构的问题上无法达成一致。所以选d：人员竞争问题无法得到解决。personal rivalry就是指两个领导谁也不服谁。
第十六题，问focus group可以帮助公司干什么。先弄明白focus group的意思，看剑桥高阶的解释：a group of people who have been brought together to discuss a particular subject in order to solve a problem or suggest ideas。处理问题的团体。答案在第四段。这一段是举例说明两个合并公司的文化兼容性问题。经过focus group的调查，这两个公司的做事方式有很大差别，不能兼容。所以这一题的答案是选d：评估他们能否匹配。
第十七题，问在一个新合并的公司里创造新的文化意味着什么。答案是第五段的这么一句：this means taking the best from both sides and making a new organisation that everyone can accept。吸取双方的优点，创造一个所有人都能接受的新组织。每个人都能接受，那么合并成功的可能性会大大增加。选b：合并起作用的几率增加了。
第十八题，跨文化分析能够表明什么。答案是最后一段的最后一句：how its politics, economics and history impact on the way business is done.看看这个国家的政治、经济和历史是怎么影响商业行为的。也就是考察宏观的国家背景对微观的经济个体的影响。选b：国家背景怎样影响公司的运行方式。
bec中级考试真题篇二
chairmans report
i am pleased to report that, although we had been expecting poor results for this half year because of slow growth in the world economy, the company has performed very ing profits for this first half are in fact very much (19) with those for the corresponding (20) last year. profits reached ￡l 15 million before tax, compared with ￡l 16.3 million last year. much of our success in the last six months can be (21) to the fact that all our major construction projects remained on schedule. particularly pleasing was the early (22)of a major building contract in canada.
the company has made good progress with the initiatives announced at the annual general meeting. the majority of shareholders (23) the boards decision to sell the companys loss-making engineering (24). it was the boards belief that the company would (25) most benefit by (26) its resources on the expansion of its construction activities. negotiations with a potential buyer began in february and are now at a critical (27).however, we feel that we are not as yet in a (28) to comment on what the outcome is likely to be.
in june, we made a successful (29) for the renishaw construction company of hong kong sar, in order to give us greater (30) to markets in south east asia. we still have sufficient resources to pursue our growth (31) and are at present (32) several other business opportunities which, like renishaw construction, would (33) new markets to us.
19.a in order b on track c in line d on target
20.a session b term c season d period
21.a attributed b referred c assigned d designated
22.a termination b ending c completion d finalising
23.a confirmed b maintained c agreed d supported
24.a portion b component c sector d spanision
25.a have b gain c find d earn
26.a focusing b directing c pointing d strengthening
27.a height b step c edge d stage
28.a condition b point c position d capacity
29.a request b price c demand d bid
30.a access b approach c admission d entrance
31.a strategy b process c promotion d system
32.a inquiring b deliberating c exploring d searching
33.a send b open c provide d give
文章是一篇报告，介绍了公司某段时间的发展状况，总体的势头是良好的，积极向上。
19和20题需要在一起考虑，从整体上把握句子的意思。in line with与。一致；on track ：doing or saying things that are likely to be successful or correct步入正轨；on target(射击)准。20空选词关键要将空格前面的those for the corresponding和前面的for this first half对应，这里空格填入的词要能和this first half相匹配，表示时间段，时期，所以是period。因为是半年，所以不选season。整个句子的意思是这半年的营业利润(operating profit)实际上是与去年同期相一致的。
21题，attribute to，表原因，联系整个句子不难做出选择。designate是委任、指派
22题，意思是完成了一个主要的建筑合同，从一个pleasing可以看出感情基调，a和b肯定不选，不是终止也不是结束，finalise最后定下来，定案。
23题，大部分股东都支持、赞同董事会的决定，选support，如果是agree的话后面需要with。
24题，董事会的决定是卖掉公司亏损的工程部。a、b首先排除，做完形填空最忌讳的是把汉语思维和汉语含义带入英文语境中，有的时候宁可选自己从来没有见过的用法，也不要从汉语意思出发强塞一个英文单词进去。sector是(尤指一国经济的)部门、行业，spanision是(一个机构的)部门。
25和26题，句子的意思是公司将通过把资源集中在建筑活动的扩张上来获得大部分的收益。25题的a和c容易排除，关键是看gain还是earn。earn是通过努力挣到一笔钱(to receive a particular amount of money for the work that you do)，gain是获得或者实现什么(to obtain or achieve something you want or need)，因为是公司的战略，所以用gain更合适一些。
27题，at a critical stage，在一个关键的阶段。
28题，in a position to do sth.能够做某事。固定搭配
29题，成功招标，bid
30题，give us greater access to markets给我们更大的市场准入
31题，growth strategy，增长策略，追求我们的增长策略。
32题，探索更多的商业机会。inquire询问；deliberate仔细考虑，深思熟虑；
33题，为我们开放新的市场。provide后需要加with
