摘要目的：通过加强脑出血术后气管切开的综合气道管理，有效预防及控制肺内感染发生。方法：对56例脑出血术后气管切开患者，采用综合气管护理方法，即常规治疗护理基础上加用气道持续湿化并振动排痰机辅助排痰，观察患者疗效。结果：综合气道护理有效保证了气道黏膜湿化及通畅，促进痰液有效排出，预防并减少肺内感染的发生，提高治愈率。结论：加用持续气道湿化及机械振动辅助排痰的综合气道护理是脑出血术后气管切开患者预防肺内感染的有效方法。
关键词综合气道护理；脑出血术后；气管切开；肺内感染
Comprehensive airway nursing of 56 cases of cerebral hemorrhage postoperative tracheotomy
Jiang Hua，Li Dongmei，Chi Jian，Ma Yajing
The Central Hospital of Changchun City，Jilin 130051
AbstractObjective：Through strengthening comprehensive airway management of cerebral hemorrhage postoperative tracheotomy，to effectively prevent and control the incidence of pulmonary infection.Methods：56 cases with cerebral hemorrhage postoperative tracheotomy were treated with comprehensive airway nursing method.It was airway continuous wetting and the vibration row phlegm machine auxiliary row of phlegm on the basis of conventional treatment nursing.Results：Comprehensive airway nursing effectivey ensure airway mucosa to moist and smooth，promote the effective discharge of sputum，prevent and reduce the incidence of pulmonary infection，and improve the cure rate.Conclusion：Comprehensive airway nursing with airway continuous wetting and the vibration row phlegm machine auxiliary row of phlegm is a effective method to prevent pulmonary infection in patients with cerebral hemorrhage postoperative tracheotomy.
Key wordsComprehensive airway nursing；Cerebral hemorrhage postoperative；Tracheotomy；Pulmonary infection
资料与方法
结果
讨论
常规护理：包括术前的防止误吸，气切后的病室环境、温度湿度适中、气管插管定期消毒、适当抬高头位，定期口腔护理、严格的无菌操作等均对预防及治疗肺内感染有一定作用。
总之，脑出血术后病情危重，气管切开即能保证呼吸道通畅，为抢救提供保障，同时更能保证脑组织供氧，为良好预后提供基础。综合气道护理对脑出血术后患者应用安全有效，既有效保持呼吸道通畅，减少气道黏膜损伤，稀释并排出痰液，同时减轻对患者心脏、心理及呼吸系统的影响，预防并减少肺内感染，促进脑功能恢复。
参考文献
[3]曾嘉涛，王晓波，张俊，等.机械排痰法与传统叩击排痰法排痰效果的比较[J].解放军护理杂志，2009，26（4）：12-13.
[5]韦晓君，王玲华，郑玉香.COPD患者行机械通气时吸痰深度的探讨[J].解放军护理学杂志，2006，23（4）：13-14.