范文为教学中作为模范的文章，也常常用来指写作的模板。常常用于文秘写作的参考，也可以作为演讲材料编写前的参考。大家想知道怎么样才能写一篇比较优质的范文吗？这里我整理了一些优秀的范文，希望对大家有所帮助，下面我们就来了解一下吧。
短文改错专项训练篇一
（a）
one afternoon my father and i go fishing on a 76.______________
riverside. we found the water was very dirty that 77.______________
we could not see the bottom. we also found some 78.______________
rubbish or dead fish flowing on the water. that 79.______________
afternoon, my father and i caught only a smaller fish. 80.______________why do the fish in the river die? that was because 81.______________of a lot of factories along the river always 82.______________poured its waste water and rubbish into the river 83.______________
and the water got polluting（污染）. thus, most of the 84.______________fish in the river killed. 85.______________
（b）
ken is a young man and have a big dog and a small 86.____________ car. last sunday he did some shopping for hour in a 87____________ shop and then ran out and jump into a car. his dog 88.____________ came after him, but it jumped into the next one. 89.____________ ken saw it and shouted it, but the dog still stayed 90.____________
in that car. ken gave his key into the lock of the car, 91.____________
but the key couldnt turn on. ken looked at the car 92.____________
again. it was not him! he was in the wrong car,93.____________
when the dog was in the right one! at last the young 94.____________
man was smiled and got into his car with the dog. 95.____________
答案：
76. go→went →so 78.√ →and r→small 81. do→did 82. 删去第一个 “of” 83. its→their ing→polluted 85.∧were 86. has 87. hours/an hour 88. jumped 89. √ 90. at 91. put 92. on. 93. his94. while 95. was
短文改错2
dear elli，
i’m a senior student. i like making friend with 76. ____
people and i do my best to get on well for everyone. 77. ____
but in last week i found that one of my friends 78. ____
wrote in her english diary that she dislikes me. 79. ____
he doesn’t want to be my friend any more. now 80. ____
she has started making fun of me because of i’m 81. ____
fat. i am kind to her but why can’t she be friend 82. ____
towards me? my other problem is trying to lose weight. 83. ____
do i do more exercises? use pills? and do you 84. ____
know any other way？please give me some advices. 85. ____
yours,
mary
76. friend→friends 77. for→with 78. 去掉 in 79. dislikes→disliked 80. he→she 81. 去掉第二个of 82. friend→friendly 83. √ 84. and→or 85. advices→advice
短文改错3
something about the internet
we are all busy talking about and use the internet 86．______
which set up in the l960s． at first, the internet was only 87．______
used by the government, but in the early l970’s, the banks, 88．______
universities and hospitals were allowed to use them , too． 89．______
however, computers were still very expensive but the 90．______
internet was difficulty to us. by the start of the 1990s, 91．______
computers become cheaper and easier． 92．______
today it’s easy to get on-line and it’s said that millions 93．______
people use the internet every day． send e-mail is more and 94．______
more popular among students． it has now become one of the 95．______
most important parts of people’s life
86．use→using 87．which 后加was 88．去掉banks前的the 89．them→it 90．but→and 91．difficulty→difficult 92．become→became 93．millions 后加of 94．send→sending 95．√
短文改错4
jimmy was only eight years. he wanted to learn 1．________
to play the piano. so his mother found the teacher 2．________
for him. at first jimmy was happy with the 3．________
teacher because he was too strict with him. he decided 4．________
to leave him, but his mother explained him that 5．________
if the teacher made the lessons too easily and 6．________
allow him to do as he wished, he would never learn 7．________
nothing. after thinking about this a few minutes, 8．________
jimmy thought of that his mother was quite right. then 9．________
the teacher taught him in two years. 10．________
．1．去掉years或将其后加old 2．the-a3．was后加not 4．√5．explained后加 to 6．easily-easy7．allow-allowed 8．nothing-anything 9．去掉of 10．in-for
短文改错5
mr smith, a strong man worked in a bank in england, 76__________
suddenly fell ill in last week. after some examination, his 77__________
doctor said the terrible pain was in his stomach was probably 78__________
cause by some disease. but mr smith believed he must have eaten 79_______
something unfit to him. then some day mr smith thought 80_________
of the chemical factory which he had worked. it stood right on 81_________
the seaside. poison flowed into the sea. people never swim 82_________
in the sea because the water harmed every things in it. the air 83_______
around was sometimes poisonous too. mr smith stopped thinking. 84_______
he shocked by the conclusion-the root of the illness. 85________
76．worked改为working 77. 划去in 78.划去第一个was
79. cause 改为caused 80. some改为one 81. which改为where
82. swim改为swam 83. things改为thing 84. 85. he 后加was
短文改错6
dear xiao jun,
it is four days since mother accepted the 1. _______________
operation. she is feeling much more better now. 2. _______________
the doctors told me the operation was successful, 3. _______________
but because her old age she had to stay in hospital 4. _______________
for other two weeks. the doctors also said it was 5. _______________
unnecessary for her to do so. we expect to get 6. _______________
a full report in two and three days. please tell the 7. _______________
good news to the rest of family as soon as possible. 8. _______________
you needn’t to come here. i’m able to look after 9. _______________
mother by myself. just take good care yourself. 10. ______________
1. accepted ---received 2. 去more 3. 正确 4. because of 5. other ----another
6. necessary a day or two 8. the family 9. needn’t come 10. take care of
短文改错7
after i finished my school, i began to look for a job. 76.
now several months has passed, and i haven’t found the 77.
job i’m interested. last sunday morning, i received a 78.
phone call from a man naming mr wang. he said on the 79.
phone, “i hear you do well on your studies. i may offer 80.
you a job.” i entered into his office with a beating 81.
heart. how i wished i will go through the job-hunting 82.
talk and that he would take on me as a lab assistant. and 83.
to my surprised, what he said made me feel disappointed. 84.
that he needed was only a model. 85.
76. 去掉my 77.√ 78. interested后加in 79. naming→named 80. on→in 81. 去掉into 82. will→would 83. and→but 84. surprised→surprise 85. that→what
短文改错8
i’ve been to hong kong for three days now, and i’m 71.
having great time. yesterday my friend showed me 72.
about hong kong. it was a very busy day, but i saw 73.
many interesting things. the first place where we visited 74.
is hong kong park. after that, we walked to ’s 75.
cathedral. i think it is a very old church in hong kong. 76.
then we go to victoria peak. there we could see all 77.
over hong kong. it was real wonderful. after lunch 78.
we caught a bus to a supermarket. on the bus back the 79.
hotel, we both felt tired and very happy. we enjoyed 80.
ourselves very much.
71:to-in, 72:having-/\a 73:about-around 74:where-that或省略掉where 75:is-was 76:\/ 77:go-went 78:real-really 79: back-back/\to 80:and-but
短文改错9
keep healthy is an important way of our life. a 76. ________
person has good health is more efficient(有效的) in 77. ________
carrying out their task either as a student in a school, 78. ________
a worker in an office and even a housewife at home. 79. ________
there are different way to keep healthy. it is necessary 80. ________
to have a healthy diet every day. different kinds of 81. ________
food has different functions in building up and 82. ________
keeping our bodies strong. other way to keep healthy 83. ________
is to exercise regularly. learning what to relax(放松) 84. ________
our body is certainly in an efficient way to keep healthy. 85. ________
76. keep→keeping 77. has前加who 78. their→his 79. and→or 80. way→ways
81. √ 82. has→have 83. other→another 84. what→how 85. 去掉in
短文改错10
after i finished my school, i began to look for a job. 76.
now several months has passed, and i haven’t found the 77.
job i’m interested. last sunday morning, i received a 78.
phone call from a man naming mr wang. he said on the 79.
phone, “i hear you do well on your studies. i may offer 80.
you a job.” i entered into his office with a beating 81.
heart. how i wished i will go through the job-hunting 82.
talk and that he would take on me as a lab assistant. and 83.
to my surprised, what he said made me feel disappointed. 84.
that he needed was only a model. 85.
76. 去掉my 77.√ 78. interested后加in 79. naming→named 80. on→in
81. 去掉into 82. will→would 83. and→but 84. surprised→surprise 85. that→what
短文改错11
a artist left for a beautiful part of the country 91. ___________
for a holiday and stay with a farmer. every day 92. ___________
he went out with his brushes and painted till evening, 93.____________
and then, when it got in dark he went back to the 94. ___________
farm and had a good dinner after going to bed. 95.____________
at the end of his holiday, he wanted to pay for the 96.____________
farmer, so the farmer said, “ i just want one of your 97.____________
picture. in a week, it will all be finished. but your 98. ____________
picture will be still here.” the painter was very pleasant 99. ___________
and thanked the farmer for saying so kind things about 100. ___________
his paintings.
91. an 92. stayed 93. √ 94. 去掉 in 95. before 96. for去掉 97. but 98. pictures 99. pleased 100. such
短文改错12
waves are beautiful to look but they can destroy 1. ___________
ships at sea, as well as houses and buildings near 2. ___________
the shore. which causes waves? most waves are caused 3. ___________
by winds blowing against the surface of the water. the 4. ___________
sun heats the earth, causing the air rise and the 5. ___________
winds to blow. the winds blow cross the sea, pushing 6. ___________
a little waves into bigger and bigger ones. the size 7. ___________
of a wave depends how strong the wind is, how long 8. ___________
it blows, and how heavy the body of water is. in 9. ___________
a small bay(海湾)big waves will never build up. 10. ___________
so at sea the wind can build up powerful waves. 11. ___________
a rule says that the height for a wave (in 12. ___________
meters) will usually be no more than one-tenths of 13. ___________
the winds speed( in kilometres). in another words, 14. ___________
when the wind is blowing 120 kilometres per hour, most 15. ___________
waves will be about twelve metres.
1. look →look at 2. √ 3. which→what 4. against→over 5. rise→ to rise →across 7. a little→little 8. depends→depends on (upon) →large (big) 10. √ 11. so →but 12. for→of 13. one-tenths→one-tenth 14. another→other 15. blowing→blowing at
短文改错13
mr． fox lived close a large clothing 76． ＿＿＿＿
shop． for a long time he had meant to buy some 77． ＿＿＿＿
of the clothes． before doing so， he keep a close watch 78． ＿＿＿＿
at the shop for several days． as the shop was in 79． ＿＿＿＿
an old building with chimneys（烟囱）， so he decided to 80． ＿＿＿＿
get into the shop through one of the chimney． one 81． ＿＿＿＿
dark night long after midnight， he climbed onto a 82． ＿＿＿＿
roof of the shop． but he went down one chimney， 83． ＿＿＿＿
he got stuck and could neither climb down or up． 84． ＿＿＿＿
he shouted for help but there had no one in the shop． 85． ＿＿＿＿
76．close后加 to 77． buy→steal 78． keep→kept 79．∨
80． 去掉so 81． chimney→chimneys 82． a→the
83． he前加when 84． or→nor 85． had→was
短文改错14
attention， please！ i’m sorry to tell you that the visit to 56． ＿＿＿
the country， that we planned for this morning， will 57． ＿＿
be put off until tomorrow because the rain． this morning 58． ＿＿
we will visit a middle school， where has a history of 85 59． ＿＿
years． this afternoon we’ll visit the industry exhibition， from 60． ＿
which many new products are in show． some of them 61．
won nation prizes for invention． the bus will wait for 62． ＿＿＿
us at the gate of our hotel at a half past eight． please be 63． ＿＿＿
there on time． don’t forget to bringing your things you need 64． ＿＿
with you． if you had any questions， you can ask me． thanks． 65． ＿
56． ∨ 57． that → which 58． because 后加of 59． where→ which
60． from → in 61． in → on 62． nation → national
63． 去掉a 64． bringing →bring 65． had →have
短文改错15
it is late in the evening． there was a knock on the 56． ＿＿＿
door． i opened it and found a young man wore dark 57． ＿＿＿
glasses． he said he was a friend of my brother． i didnt 58． ＿＿＿
remember my brother had such friend， but i had to let 59． ＿＿＿
him in． as we talked， i found that he knew something 60． ＿＿
about my brother． i came to the conclusion （结论） that 61． ＿＿＿
he was telling the truth． just then my brother came 62． ＿＿＿
out and the stranger was taken by surprise． i caught 63． ＿＿＿
hold of the man while my brother rang up to the police． 64． ＿＿＿
in fact he was only a thief from other town nearby． 65． ＿＿＿
56． is→was 57． wore→wearing 58． brother→brother’s
59． such后加a 60． something→nothing 61． ∨ 62． was后加not 63． out→in／back 64． 去掉to 65． other→another
once more， three men bought seventeen apples． the 56． ＿＿＿＿＿
first man wanted one half； the second， one three and 57． ＿＿＿＿＿
the third one， one ninth． it was possible to spanide 58． ＿＿＿＿＿
those seventeen apples like they wanted． just as they 59． ＿＿＿＿＿
didn’t know how to do， a small boy came up with an 60． ＿＿＿＿＿
apple on his hand． the boy said，“don’t worry about 61． ＿＿＿＿＿
that． let me spanide it for you．” first of all， with his 62． ＿＿＿＿＿
apple added to them， he made the number apples 63． ＿＿＿＿＿
eighteen． then he gives nine to the first man， six to the 64． ＿＿＿＿＿
second man and two to the third man． he gave away 65． ＿＿＿＿＿
seventeen in all and took his own for himself． these men
were very thankful tothe boy． they all said ，“how clever
a boy he is ！”
56．去掉more 57．three →third 58． possible→impossible
59． like→as 60． how→what 61． on→in 62． it→them
63． number 后加 of 64． gives →gave 65． √
different people speak different language， 76．＿＿but sports have a language of its own． a football 77．＿＿player from japan can not play with a player from 78．＿＿england． one does not need to understand the language 79．＿＿of the other． the game speaks for themselves． 80．＿＿peoples who do not know each other often become 81．＿＿friend after they have played together． the new 82．＿＿boy or girl in school quickly become one of the 83．＿＿class after few games． people in different parts of 84．＿＿the world learn to understand one other through sports． 85．＿＿＿＿
76． language → languages 77． its → their 78．去掉not 79． ∨ 80． themselves → itself 81．peoples → people 82． friend → friends 83． become→becomes84． few 前加 a 85． other → another
dear ron,
i am very exciting to hear that you are coming to 76._________
our school soon. now let me to introduce our school 77. _________
to you. our school is a famous school with long history. 78. _________
we have many experienced teacher and excellent equipment. 79. _________
there are two teach buildings, one is for seniors and the 80. _________
other is for juniors. there are two lab building and 81. _________
a library. except chinese, maths, english, physics and 82. _________
chemistry, we have some electives (选修课). the 83. _________
students can choose that they like to attend. we 84. _________
love our school. i am looking forward to meet you soon. 85. _________
yours,
li hua
76. exciting→excited 77. 去掉to 78. with后加a r→teachers
80. teach→teaching 81. building→buildings 82. except→besides 83.√
84. that→what 85. meet→meeting
短文改错专项训练篇二
第一节:情景作文(满分20分)
某英文报“健康生活”栏目正在讨论有关健康食品、体育锻炼与少年儿童肥胖的问题。下面六幅图画是李明一年中的变化，请根据李明的情况写一篇短文。
注意：1．词数不少于60。 2．短文的开头已给出。
提示词语：junk food好吃但不利于健康的食品 snacks各种零食
a healthy diet and regular exercise may help to prevent obesity(肥胖) among children. take li ming for example.
li ming used to be a healthy boy, but
第二节:开放作文(满分15分)
根据下面英文提示写一篇短文，词数不少于50。
traffic jams are a very serious problem in beijing. the streets are full of cars,buses, and bikes almost every day. to make matters worse, some people do not follow the traffic rules.
suppose you are discussing this problem in your english class. please make two or three suggestions on how to improve the traffic in beijing.
北京春季考试试题（作文评析）
情景作文（读黑体字，想想如何写更恰当）
1.a healthy diet and regular exercise may help to prevent obesity among children. take li ming for example.
li ming used to be a healthy boy, but he has become a fat boy sine last year, or in .li ming ate a lot of junk food on july, 2003. the next month, he went on to eat all kinds of snacks and he even watched tv while ate those snacks. on december, li ming became too fat to go the steps easily. in , li ming changed his life habits. he ate normal food every day. besides these, he took part in many sports, such as football, swimming, running and skating. to be surprised, now li ming succeeds in preventing obesity and he becomes a healthy boy again. 13
…2..but he didn’t care about his diet. in the year 2003, he eat luck food and snacks from july to december . so he became obesity . when he found the fact that he was so fat , he began to limit himself . he had a healthy diet and did regular exercise in the next year . after a while , he turn back the healthy and thin body before .it tells us that a healthy diet and regular exercise may help to prevent obesity among children . (12)
（79 words）字数少，时态应该一致。
ming used to be a healthy boy , but big changes had taken place in 2003. during the year , li ming was addicted in junk food , which tastes good but does harm to body . in the summer holiday, he not only ate a lot of junk food , but also didn’t take exercise . as a result, he soon became fat over the three months . in 2004, however, li ming realized that the fat body and had habits had brought a lot of trouble to him , so he decided to change it . he started to eat regularly and do exercise. for example , playing football afterschool , running in the morning , swimming in the summer and skating in the winter .with his effort , he had a good health again .
this story told us that : if you want to have a strong body , a good habit of eating and doing exercise is the first demand. (16.)
4. he became very fat in 2003. let’s have a look at his daily life. from june to december he often eat a lot of junk food which taste good but is very bad for health. what’s more, he usually watched tv on sofa with eating snacks and went to sleep after watching tv. as the bad habit developing, he was more and more fat. however, what was the most surprised that he lost a lot and very healthy in sercert of it is close to his regular diet and a plenty of exercise, such as, playing football, swimming, running, skating and so on. so he is happy to go to school how. (15)
ming used to be a healthy boy, but great changes have taken place in 2003 and 2004. the meal li ming ate every day was full of a lot of and different junk food which was bad for health. what’s more, he watched tv lying on the sofa and eating snacks. as a result, his weight went up day after day, he even had difficulties in climbing the stairs. this made li ming so sad that he decided to get a new beginning in 2004. instead of junk food and snacks, li ming ate the healthy diet and took more exercises such as football, swimming, skating and running. at fast, he became as healthy as before, healthy diet and regular exercise helped him a lot. (17)
ming used to be a healthy boy , but when he became enjoying eat junk food and snacks . things became more and more terrible . he ate fast food and snacks every day and watched tv lying on the sofa. for about two months, he was so fat that he could hardly clamb the steps . because of this, he decided to lose weight, he didn’t eat fast food any more and liked eating vegetables and fruits. he took exercises every day , such as playing football .swimming .running .skating and so on .（标点符号） finally , he was succeed , he became healthy and strong .16
开放作文（读黑体字，想想如何写更恰当）
discussing is depends on the question. in my opinion, people in beijing should often take buses instead private cars. then, i suggest that people there should follow the traffic rules in order to keep the traffic well. what’s more, we should think something more about others. in all, traffic relates to everyone and we should keep the traffic well. 10
2.i have three suggestions on how to improve the traffic in beijing. first, i think our country should build more wild roads because there are so a few roads that the strects are full of cars, buses and bikes. second, our country should limit the numbers of the cars and buses and they are pollution. the last one, our country can increase the number of the traffic policeman to make people follow the traffic rules. i think the three suggestions are the first we can do. 13
class hare a heated discussion about how to improve the traffic in beijing. we had made two suggestion; one, the government should build more road for cars and bikes. if can make the matter better than before. two, making people to follow the traffic rules, it must be raised in education. there are many means i believe the traffic jams should be solved. 11
, we can enwide the old streets and build more new roads. and then, we can have the people who do not follow the traffic rules see the film in which many people lost their life because of breaking traffic rules. finally, we should learn more about the traffic rules to make beijing’s traffic better. (10)
of all, everyone should abbey the traffic rules. if we follow the rules, less accidents will happen and more time will be saved on the road. then, the government should plan to build more streets and widen the roads. there are more people than before, so the facdities should also be improved. as students, we should do first and set a modle to others. 11
6.i think we can decrease the number of the cars owned personality .. then , make the road wider than before . (4) (字数不够，语言贫乏，衔接性差)
c jams are a very serious problems in beijing . one reason is that some people don’t follow the traffic rules . it is terrible . we can let them have a lesson about the harm of the traffic jams. maybe they will realized the disadvantages of not following the rules.
the streets are full of cars , buses and bikes every day . maybe the government can persuade citizens to walk to schools or jobs.
(5) 没有审清题目，重点不是原因而是解决方法。（答非所问）
8.i think our students should join the line to improve the traffic in beijing. first, we should help policeman to built some traffic jams. second, when we see some old people is walking across a road, we should help them to pass it. if we have enough ablitives, we should help policeman to wave the trafficts. 3分(跑题作文)
of all, the government must improve the people’s knowledge of traffic rules by teaching and having an examination. this is the foundation. second , the most important thing is that the people should obey the traffic rules and set up more traffic lights and bridge on the road. we should pay attention to safety. finally we hope that the company should change the time of going to work and going home to avoid the rush hours. 12
10.i think that the government should make people know the knowledge of traffic and tell them to go to work by bus or by bike as possible. and they should build more roads for the cars . the most important thing is : if all the people follow the traffic rules , it will not have traffic jams. 12
注意下列单词的拼写，拿起笔来重新写
1．作为什么结果 2、限制 3、增加体重 4、习惯 5现代的6、方便的 7、解决 8、躺，（过去时，过去分词）9、放 10、重要的11、代替 12进行体育锻炼 13、吃（过去式，过去分词）14、越来越胖 15 八月 16、食物 17、私人的
17游泳 18.意识到 19幸运的 20 决定去做什么
21、健康的名词和形容词 traffic jams junk ---luck
短文改错专项训练篇三
东亭中学 顾静芳
教学目标：通过高三后阶段 的专项复习，使学生在解题方法、技巧等方面有所提高，增强做改错的信心，以求在做高考的第五大部分能够得心应手，提高该部分的得分率。
教学方法：有易到难，有坡度，有层次，循序渐进，夹练夹析的互动，探究，任务型。
设计思路：从现象归纳到理论，到技巧、方法，到练习实践。
学情分析：经过对一模，二模该部分的得分情况分析，学生在解此部分题，只凭感觉，不会分析，同时学生对改错有畏难情绪，没有信心。
动词常见错误
1)时态不一致(and 等并列连词前后动词时态不一致)。
2)主谓不一致。
3)缺少谓语动词（尤其缺be动词）。
4)主动语态与被动语态错用。
5)短语错用。
6)近义动词错用
examples:
1we lost our way in the forest,what is worse, it began to rain.
2we lost our way in the forest,what is worse, it began to rain.
it is much easier to be healthy than it is in the past.（nmet93）
time passed quickly. evening came down.(nmet)
5. i was used to play ping-pong a lot in my spare time, but now i am interested in football.(nmet97)
fed monkeys,visiting temples and told stories.(nmet2002)
7. the librarian will let you know when the book you want has returned.(nmet94
the way, when you come, please take your sister here
非谓语动词常见的错误
1）不定式
2）动名词作主语、宾语
3）and 连接的不定式或动名词前后一致（尤其距离较远时） 4）现在分词和过去分词的区别等。
1. they will do all they can make sure that i get a good education
2. play football makes us grow up tall and strong.(nmet
3. it was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home.
is hoped that all the world will pay attention to protect wild life. (nmet94)
twenty people have passed the driving test,me including.(nmet95)
名词，数词的常见错误
1.单复数名词错用
2.形容词错用为名词，如： important-importance，different-difference，difficult---difficulty，interesting （interested）---interest，
4. 数词错用
1. we will get over the difficult we have building the bridge.
2. i’ll get good marks in all my subject.(nmet)
the way up i was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful. (nmet2002)
4. two third of the students are from europe.
形容词、副词的错误
1）修饰名词用形容词；
2）在系动词后作表语用形容词；
3）修饰实义动词，形容词，过去分词及整个句子用副词；
4）比较等级问题。
1. the smiths did his best to make me feel at home.(nmet96
they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the game.(nmet98)
was about noon when we arrived
at the foot of the mountain. the three
of them were very excited.
介词的错误
practise for three times every week.
2. on the dark night,the girl could find nobody to turn for help.
3.i was so tired that i fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.
冠词的错误
1. suddenly, i caught a sight of my english teacher.(nmet)
may be one family and live under a same roof.(nmet2001)
2. as everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.(nmet2002)
3. the food was expensive and the service was good. (nmet2002)
连词.关系词.句子结构及逻辑错误
1.…but it didn’t matter that i would win or not.(nmet2000)
i was on the stage the next day, i felt so nervous as i shook like a leaf.(nmet2000)
3.…she was smiling but nodding at me.(nmet2000)
food was expensive and the service was good. (nmet2002)
5.i heard the news our school football team had won the match.
巩固练习. 单句
can’t consider him a honest man.
china,children usually start school at an age of seven.
remember him for his contribution to the country.
g is one thing; doing is other.
ones what you decide not to keep can be traded with other people.
the time when he was 15,he had become famous for his novel.
bad news made us feel sadly.
children learn to read and write, they play games as good.
told me the fact which the earth goes round the sun.
one’s hand can be accepted for crying for help.
is the very person that set the theater in fire.
far, he made a living by picking up wastes.
students watch the game burst into laughter.
1 church burned down yesterday date from the 18th century
e to 1992, the price of grain was increased about 50%
should stop the children from play fire.
a boy led the way,they started towards the village.
er you do, and i’ll be right here waiting for you.
young man dressed in blue are my brother.
18. i told him the fact which the earth goes round the sun.
巩固练习.综合
解题技巧
1. no context, no text. 通读全文，掌握大意;联系上下文;
2. 先易后难，正确的句子放在最后改;
3. 同一句子不能改动两个地方（词）;
4. 正确、规范使用批改符号。
exercise :
another problem is that good soil is gradual lost. 1_______
when trees is cut down,there is nothing to hold 2_______
the soil in the place on the hillside. so when it 3_______
rained,the soil is washed down the hills and into 4_______
the winds can also blow out the 5_______
valuable soil lies on the top of the fields. 6_______
exercise :
if you take care notice in some places,you will 1________
see the fact most smokers are young people and even 2________
some are middle school is said that in 3________
china the number of the people smoked is about 4________
45%. why is so many people smoke? some think 5________
that smoking is pleasure,some believe that they 6________
can refresh them by smoking. in fact, smoking 7________
is a bad habit,that does great harm to people’s 8________
healthy. the study of smoking shows that many 9________
kinds of disease has something to do with smoking. 10______
小 结
做短文该错应采取三个步骤
1.通读短文，掌握大意
2.细读全文，逐一作答
3.复读全文，验证答案
短文改错专项训练篇四
课题 做短文改错的
方法 时间 10月19日
第7节 类型 复习课
教师 jsja107 班级 3年8班
教学目标 知识目标 1．了解高考短文改错试题结构相对稳定。即：设置10项判断。其中无误判断1题，有误判断9题（多词删除为1-2题）漏词补全为1-2题。其余为纠错题。
2．掌握做短文改错的几种方法。并运用到实际学习中。
能力目标
1。要求答题规范，在做题中遵循规范化模式。
2．充分运用抚松一中教学改革中使用的预习提纲、学习目标去预习----学习---巩固所学知识。
德育目标 使学生在愉快中了解学习方法，从而自如、自信的运用所学知识去迎接高考。
教学重难点
重点： 短文改错方法中的：动词的混用、虚词的添加与删除。
难点：正确运用“浏览全文，了解大意。逐句分析，逐句改错。复读全文，仔细推敲，最后复查”的解题策略。
教学方法 凸显学生为主体，教师为引领者的教学理念，采用问答式、讲练形式、自由讨论式、小组活动和个体活动相结合方法，或教师主动讲述使学生产生联想并留下深刻印象来实现启发式教学方法的实现。
教学手段 大屏幕等
教学过程
过程 内容 师生活动 目的
导入新课 出示本节课学习目标。 学生朗读，教师出示 目的是使学生清晰本堂课所要掌握的内容。
过程 内容 师生或动 目的
新课讲授 拿出上节课布置的预习提纲，结合大屏幕一起完成本节课内容。 教师引导启发，学生按照方法，找出答案。 学生对预习中疑问主动求知并在本堂课中进行解决。
在教学过程中我先把高考考查点的分布向学生介绍（见幻灯片）。。（这里是以词的方式出现）
冠词 ----- 1.多用 2.少用 3.a和an的误用 与a或an的误用 教师讲述 让学生心中有数，做题有方向。
第二步是专项练习。以句子的形式在学生的大脑上留下痕迹。
1.i’d like very much to come but i had an examination on monday morning.
2.i remembered her words and calm down.
3.i did a good job and won the first my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.
4．..he said he is busy.
is a very important exam but i can’t afford to fail it.
2..she was smiling but nodding at me.
said that she and my schoolmates all wished me success,but it didn’t matter that i would win or not.
三组。1..i’ll spend the whole weekend reading and prepare for it.
2..as we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys,visiting temples and told stories.
some nice things for your parents that they don’t expect-like cooking,doing the dishes, washing clothes, or clean the floors.
。。。。。
学生回答，提问，师生共同解决
这中层层递进的方式，使学生以易到难，自然过度，一点一点掌握做题方法。
小结：
作业
板书设计：
第三步是以完整的文章形式训练。并来检验本堂课的效果。
there is public library in every town in britain. 1.-----
there are branch library in many villages. 2.-----
anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to 3.-----
borrow some places you may borrow many 4.-----
books as you want; in other places where you 5.-----
are limited to a certain number, of that some 6.-----
may be novels. books may be keep for four weeks. 7.-----
newly-published novels are always in great demand, 8.-----
and some books, for example, books for history, 9.-----
science,cook and gardening are also popular. 10.-----
见预习提纲
做短文改错的方法
动词的混用 a。浏览全文，了解大意。
b. 逐句分析，逐句改错。 虚词的添加与删除
c. 复读全文，仔细推敲，最后复查
六．.后记：
学生尝试完成，教师和同学共同按照方法找出答案
师生共同总结
学生总结，教师书写在黑板上
知识应用
巩固，提升的过程
锻炼学生自学能力
锻炼学生总结能力
短文改错专项训练篇五
dear smith,
i know you want to find a job in beijing. i read an advertisement in today’s “21st century ”, an english paper here. beijing ladder information company is running a school. so they need native - speaker english teachers. what they prefer is a university degree in education or other related fields,which you have. and a foreign expert certification is also required. i think you are the right person they want.
if you are interested please directly call or write to the company. the telephone number is 86-10-68019433, and their e-mail address is : liecbj @ hotmail. com
good luck.
your’s
li hua
习作2:
comment:
mary is a clever girl with good manners. she is always ready to help others and therefore gets along very well with her classmates.
having a special interest in chinese, she speaks it very well. mary is also good at maths and does a lot of exercises every day. she enjoys doing experiments in chemistry labs ,but sometimes she needs to be more careful. in all the subjects , physics is the most favorite one to her and she is one of the best in this subject. she always tries her best to make better progress and things better.
all the teachers like her very much.
signature: wang ming
短文改错专项训练篇六
and phrases
valley,beyond,fix up l.9 four
skills
rather than l.10
camp,ash,dirt,cave,thirst l.9
three
skills
faith,elder,curiously,starve,thus l.10
birth,give birth to,precious,fence,task,outdoors,shave,
argue l.11
ashtray,bonny,kangaroo,sunburnt l.9
two
skills
aborigines,kooris,system,spiritual,hand down,
underground,percentage l.10
koala,alaska,dingo,round up l.11
italy,italian l.12
ay english
be careful!
dont throw your cigarette out of the window.
you mustnt smoke while you are walking around in the bush either.
look out!
dont tie it to that old branch.
take care.
r
learn the usages of the v.-ing form as object complement and adverbial.
ge use
using the learned language, teachers and students should complete the tasks of listening, speaking and writing in the textbook and the workbook. reading texts “the discovery of australia” and “australia” should be exactly understood. students should understand the discovery of australia, the history, geography and local customs in australia.
ng time: five periods
background information
something about australia
australia, officially called commonwealth of australia, is the smallest continent and one of the largest countries on earth, lying between the pacific and indian oceans in the southern hemisphere(半球). it has an area of 7.7 million square km and a population of nearly 19 million. the principal religion is christianity, with roman catholics and anglicans(英国国教) predominating (占主要地位). the capital is canberra, a beautiful gardened city.
australia is separated from indonesia to the northwest by the timor and the arafura seas; from papua new guinea to the northeast by the torres strait; from the coral sea islands territory (in the coral sea), also to the northeast, by the great barrier reef; from new zealand to the southeast by the tasman sea; and from antarctica to the south by the indian ocean.
until the late 20th century the australian population was remarkably homogeneous (同种族的) , as a result of a previous policy of restricting non-european immigration. the restrictive policies were gradually abandoned in the 1960s and 1970s,and there has been much immigration from areas outside of europe, particularly from asia.
australia has been inhabited（居住）by aborigines（土著）for at least 40 000-and perhaps as many as 60 000 years. they immigrated from southeast asia, and estimates of the size of the aboriginal population at the time of european settlement in 1788 range from 300 000 to more than 1 000 000. there is some evidence of a chinese landing at the site of darwin in 1432, and makasarese seamen(印尼望加锡渔民) began to fish the waters off arnhem land sometime before the 18th century. widespread european know the knowledge of australia, however, began only with the explorations of the 17th century.
the dutch landed in australia in 1616 and, under such notable seamen as abel tasman continued their explorations until 1644, when australia became known as new holland. the british arrived in 1688 under william dampier, but they did not launch a large-scale expedition until james cooks historic voyage of 1770 that resulted in britains claim to australia and formal possession of new south wales with the establishment of the small colony of sydney cove within port jackson(1788).from the outset, british immigrants（移民）were transported to the colony.
tasmania, the next settlement, received settlers, from sydney as early as 1803, and colonists arrived in western australia in 1827. by 1859 the colonial nuclei（核心）of all of australias six states had been formed.
since world war ⅱ australia has assumed a leading role in asian and pacific affairs. although it experienced some setbacks, the aboriginal movement grew in strength from the 1960s, and aborigines succeeded in obtaining rights to some tribal lands. environmentalists also began to exercise considerable political influence.
because its millions of years since australia was separated from the other continents of the world-as a result of crustal movement（地壳运动）, of course, many of the wild living things in this country are quite different from those in other parts across the globe. for example, its the home of pouched mammals（有袋目哺乳动物）such as kangaroos and koalas. the koala, an animal looks like the bear but much smaller, lives on the leaves of eucalyptuses, also unique of australia. there are many other living things characterists of（……特有的）australia or oceania- platpuses（鸭嘴兽）, echidnas（针鼹），casuarinas（木麻黄树），etc.
异域风情
sydney
悉尼位于澳大利亚东南沿海，风光旖旎，气候宜人。它以悉尼歌剧院独特的建筑而闻名于世。在这里你会看到许多古典欧式建筑与设计新颖的现代建筑融为一体。
sydney, the capital of new south wales（新南威尔士州）, has a population of more than three million. it is not only australias oldest and largest city but also its chief manufacturing(生产) centre and business port（港口）as well as the largest centre for selling wool in the world.
besides, sydney is also a city with 30 golden beaches nearby. in sydney if you say you are going skiing, it often means water-skiing. if you are going to kosciusko（科修斯科山）, you are probably going snow-skiing.
the harbour of sydney is spanned（跨越）by the famous arch bridge and over looked by dramatic new sydney opera house. the opera house has great white curving（弧形的）roofs and is described as one of the great buildings in the 20th century.
there are old classic buildings in sydney as well, such as james church（圣詹姆斯教堂）, hyde park barracks（海得公园营房）and parliament house（国会大厦）.of course there are also modern skyscrapers.
it is estimated（估计）that by the end of the 20th century there will be five million people living in the metropolition（大城市）complex along the coastline north and south of sydney.
1.派生法：通过在词根上加前缀(prefixes)或后缀(suffixes)构成新词。
建议：围绕单词词根进行词性转换，扩大词汇量，奠定英语阅读词汇基础。
(1)dirt(n.)脏物
［派生］dirty(adj.)肮脏的［规则］后缀-y接于名词后构成“……的”。如：
cloud(n.)-cloudy(adj.) wind(n.)-windy(adj.)
snow(n.)-snowy(adj.) rain(n.)-rainy(adj.)
(2)precious宝贵的
［规则］后缀-ous构成表示“……的”。如：
danger-dangerous(危险的) humor-humorous(幽默的)
mountain-mountainous(多山的) poison-poisonous(有毒的)
(3)italy(n.)意大利
［派生］italian(adj./n.)［规则］后缀-ian构成表“……的人”。如：
christ-christian(基督教徒) music-musician(音乐家)
politics-politician(政治家) india-indian(印度人)
(4)percent(n.)百分
［派生］percentage 百分率［规则］后缀-age构成“集合”“状态”的名词。如：
bag-baggage(行李) short-shortage(短缺)
2.发散思维法：辐射一词多义，掌握词中词，提高阅读能力。
建议：先学习语言结构，后结合例句加以应用，再回到划线部分加以领悟，即运用意群记忆法。
(场所)在……那边
(1) beyond (prep./adv.) (时间)超出
(程度)超出，为……所不及
如：the house is beyond the bridge.房子在桥的那一边。
dont stay out beyond 10 oclock at night.晚上10点后不要在外面逗留。
your works are beyond all praise.你的作品叫人赞扬不尽。
你来试试：
［填空］what he has done is ____________(出乎意料). (beyond expectation)
修理、安装
(2) fix up
安排(住宿)，提供
如：they fixed up a simple operation table on one end of the room.
他们在房间的一头搭起了一个简单的手术台。
they are fixing up the light.他们正忙着装灯。
can you fix up a meeting in a hotel? 你能在饭店安排一次会议吗？
you can ask your father to fix you up with a good bike.
你可以请求你爸爸给你提供一辆好的自行车。
intend…for 打算给……
(3) intend to do 打算做
intend do 打算让某人做
如：he intends to study abroad next year. 他打算明年到国外留学。
he intends his son to manage the company. 他打算让儿子经营公司。
the dictionary is intended for the children. 字典是给孩子用的。
熄灭，关灯
(4) put out 发布新闻
生产
伸出
如：you can put out cigarette in the ashtray.你可以在烟灰缸把香烟捏掉。
be sure to put the light out before you go away.你离开前务必将灯关掉。
the publishing house put out 80 new books last year.那家出版社去年出版了80本新书。
from then on the romans began to put out a great variety of coins.
从那时起，罗马人就发行种类更多的硬币了。
he put out his hands to take mine.他伸出手来拉我的手。
the government will put out a new statement next week.政府将在下周宣布一项新声明。
depend on/upon 依靠、取决于
(5)
that(all)depends/it(all)depends 视情况而定
如：you can never depend on your parents.你不能永远依靠父母。
i may help you,but that depends.我也许会帮你，但得视情况而定。
3.辨析法：辨别相近易混结构，学会他们的区别。
建议：先学习辨析结构，后回到例句中加以分析应用，再领悟划线部分，破解难点。即运用意群记忆法。并运用观察分析法对比记忆。
如：i found a place suitable for the party.我找到了一个适于聚会的地方。
do you think this style suits me?你觉得这种款式适合我吗？
these shoes dont fit me.这鞋我穿不合适。
the new manager isnt fit for his position.新经理不胜任这项工作。
切记：(sth.)fit sb.某人穿……合适
你来试试：
［改错］his great height fited him for team games last year.(fited→fitted)
outdoor(adj.)户外的，反义词indoor
(2)
outdoors(adv./n.)户外，反义词indoors
如：after class, the students prefer outdoor sports.下课后，学生们喜欢户外运动。
children usually prefer playing outdoors.孩子通常喜欢在户外玩。
give birth to 生产、生下
(3)
be born 出生
如：his wife gave birth to a son.
the town gave birth to great men.
she was born on may 2nd.
he was borne by eve.
小结：give birth to 其主语为雌性，其宾语一般为牲畜或婴儿。也可用比喻意义。
be born其主语是人或动物。也可用引申义。如跟有by短语则用borne。
你来试试：
［改错］on a rainy day,she was born by her poor mother.(born→borne)
如：his elder brother is a pla man.他哥哥是解放军战士。
he is my elder by several years.他大我几岁。
the elders handed down the customs.长辈们把风俗传了下来。
你来试试：
［填空］she is three years ____________ than my _____________ sister. (older, elder)
4.联想归纳法：用已知语言结构进行广义联想，归纳总结。再回到意群中加以领悟。
(1)go camping 去露营
联想go+v.-ing，得到：
go boating 去划船
go cycling 去骑自行车
go hunting 去打猎
go farming 去务农
go soldiering 从军
go nursing 当护士
go climbing 去爬山
go riding 去骑自行车
go teaching 从教
go dancing 去跳舞
注意：go+v.-ing结构多指从事体育娱乐活动;也表示从事某职业。
(2)hand down传下来
联想动词hand有关词组：
hand in(上交)
hand out(分发)
in hand(手里的)
by hand(用手做)
hand over(移交)
hand back(交还)
on the other hand(另一方面)
at hand(在手边的，即将到来的)
如：i always keep a dictionary at hand.我常把字典放在手边。
her sweater is knitted by hand.她的毛衣是用手打的。
money in hand is not enough,so you cant buy the computer.
手头的钱不够，所以你不能买计算机。
(3)curiously 好奇地
联想curiously 得到：
如：children are naturally curious about everything around them.
孩子们对周围的每件事好奇是自然的。
im curious to know what is written in his letter.我极想知道他信中写了什么。
its curious that he should have failed to win the race.他没赢得比赛真奇怪。
curiously enough,he seems to have known what we should do next.
说来奇怪，他几乎已经知道我们下一步做什么。
注意：it is curious that…从句用虚拟语气。
公式为：should do(should可以省略)
(4) catch 碰上某人做某事
be/get caught in 被……围困
catch up with 赶上
联想动词catch,得到：
catch hold of 抓住
catch ones attention 吸引某人的注意
如：the girl was caught stealing the apples.这个小女孩在偷苹果时被当场抓住。
he was caught in the storm on his way to school.他在上学的路上遇上了暴风雨。
(5)keep out 不让……进来
联想动词keep搭配的词组：
keep up 维持、保持
keep off 避开
keep in mind 记住
keep on doing 反复不断做
keep pets 养宠物
keep back 抑制(情感)
keep away from 远离
keep up with 赶上
如：the trees keep out the wind.这些树可以挡风。
keep off the grass.勿踏入草地。
the heavy rain kept them from going out.因为下大雨，他们没能出去。
im glad youre keeping up your studies.我很高兴你在坚持学习。
你来试试：
they try to keep ________________ the same speed.
答案：b
the remaining language 相当于the language left
(6) 不及物动词，剩余、留下
remain
系动词，仍然、依然
如：the children ate and ate until no food remained on the table.
孩子们吃个不停，直到桌子上的东西吃个精光才肯罢休。
the problem remained unsettled.这个问题仍旧未解决。
用作不及物动词时译为“剩余、留下”
小结：remain 用作系动词时译为“仍然”
作定语时用remaining形式
rather than的几种用法
1) rather than此处是介词短语，意思是“与其”、“不是”，相当于instead of。如：
i think you, rather than mary, is to be punished.我认为该受惩罚的是你，而不是玛丽。
rather than fish, well have fried eggs and meat for lunch.
今天午餐吃煎蛋和肉，而没有鱼。
the colour seems green rather than blue.这颜色看上去是绿的，而不是蓝的。
i always prefer starting early, rather than leaving everything to the last minute.
任何事情我总是喜欢早点做，不要到最后。
ill have a cold drink rather than coffee. 我要喝冷饮，不想喝咖啡。
2)rather than可以和would连用，如would rather…than…或would…rather than…这时要注意“平?quot;问题，即其前后必须用相同的语法单位。如：
id rather have the red one than(have)the green one. 我宁愿要红的，不愿要绿的。
id take the slowest train rather than go there by air.
我宁可乘坐最慢的火车也不愿坐飞机去那儿。
he would rather walk than drive. 他宁愿步行不愿开车。
id prefer to go in august rather than in july. 我愿八月去，不愿七月去。
id call her hair chestnut rather than brown. 我宁愿说她的头发是栗色，而不是棕色。
【注意】id rather +动词原形，通常意为”我宁愿……“，相当于”id prefer to…“，具有选择意义，即”宁愿做……不愿做“。但是，当后接动词like, enjoy, appreciate时，rather是一个程度副词，象quite和fairly一样无选择意义，所以id rather like不是”我宁愿喜欢“，而是”我相当（很）喜欢“。试比较下列句子：
①”id rather like a cup of coffee.“ ”oh, would you? id rather have a beer. “
”我很想来杯咖啡。“”噢，是吗？我宁愿喝杯啤酒。“
②we would rather appreciate your help. 我们非常感谢你的帮助。
③which would you rather have, tea or coffee? 你更愿意喝什么，茶还是咖啡？
④he would rather enjoy seeing a film on sundays. 他很喜欢在星期天看场电影。
3）在would rather前后可用不同的主语来表示某人宁愿让另一个人做某事，这时，一般用过去时来表示现在或将来要做的事。如：
”shall i open a window? “”id rather you didnt.“
”我开一扇窗好吗“”你最好别开。“
dont come tomorrow. id rather you came next weekend.
明天别来，我希望你下周末来。
id rather you told me the truth. 我宁愿你给我讲实话。
id rather you went home now. 我愿意让你现在就回家。
4）谈到过去的动作，用过去完成时。如：
id rather you hadnt done that.我真希望你没做过那件事。
id wish you had answered the question. 我真希望你回答了这个问题。
id rather you hadnt done that. 我希望你没做过那件事。
二、知识归纳
（一）catch 高考常考动词之一，其主要用法如下：
1.(出其不意地)碰上，撞上（某人做某事，多指不好的事），作及物动词用。
（1）后接带现在分词的复合宾语：catch sth.
caught him smoking.ニ撞上他抽烟。
he caught some boys stealing flowers from the garden.ニ发现几个男孩在花园里偷花。
（2）后接名词/代词+介词短语
e.g.i caught the boy at it again.ノ矣肿采险夂⒆釉诟烧馐隆＊
we shall catch them in the middle of their supper.ノ颐侨セ崤錾纤们吃晚饭。
2.撞上、碰上（多用于被动结构）：be/get caught in…
ship was caught in a hurricane.ツ撬掖遇上了飓风。
on my way home yesterday,i was caught in the rain.プ蛱煳以诨丶业耐局杏錾嫌炅恕＊
3.赶上，抓-
caught us before we reached town.ノ颐腔姑挥械酱锍抢铮他们就赶上我们了。
i want to catch the one-thirty train.ノ蚁肴ジ弦坏惆氲幕鸪怠＊
i caught him by the arm.ノ易プ×怂的胳臂。
what?i didnt catch that(what you said).ナ裁矗课颐惶清楚。
（二）intend的主要用法归纳
用作及物动词，打算，有……意图
（1）接不定式
e.g.i cant do it,and dont intend to.ノ也荒苷庋做，也不打算这样做。
do you intend to make a long stay there?ツ愦蛩阍谀抢锎舫ぢ穑开
（2）接动名词
dont intend doing it this year.ノ颐墙衲瓴淮蛩阏庋做。
（3）接从句
hadnt intended that we should all be there.ニ没有意思让我们都到那里。
（4）接复合宾语
ask him what he intends us to do.ピ勖侨ノ饰仕打算让我们怎么办。
the building was intended to be a museum.フ庾建筑物本来是打算用作博物馆的。
（5）接名词或代词
intended no harm.ニ们没有恶意。
…for… 打算给某人……，打算使……成为……
intended the chair for you,but she took it away.
这把椅子他们是打算给你的，但是她搬走了。
this gift is intended for xiao hong.フ饫裎锸亲急父小红的。
（三）fix up的用法归纳
1.安排
fix up time for an interview.デ氚才藕靡桓黾面的时间。
well fix him up in the hotel.ノ颐墙把他安排在那个宾馆。
2.修理
is fixing up the broken chair.ニ在修理那个破椅子。
3.搭起
night we fixed up a bamboo bed for him in the front room.
那天晚上我们给他在前屋搭了一张竹床。
4.解决
have fixed up the matter now.フ馐孪衷谖颐且丫解决了。
（四）round up的用法
round up 聚集、召集，相当于：gather together,可以用作及物动词，也可以用作不及物动词。
rounded up at the school gate.ニ们在校门口集合。
i rounded up a lot of students to help me.ノ艺偌了好多学生来帮我的忙。
（五）rather than的用法
（1）是……而不是……，通常连接两个名词、代词、形容词、副词、动名词、介词、谓语动词，用来将前后两种情况加以对比。
is a doctor rather than a worker.ニ是医生而不是一名工人。
she is honest rather than clever.ビ肫渌邓聪明，还不如说她老实。
连接两个主语时，谓语和前面的一个一致。
,rather than you,is to blame.ジ檬茉鸨傅氖翘滥罚而不是你。
（2）would rather…than…/would…rather than…
e.g.i would take the train rather than go there by bus.
=i would rather take the train than go there by bus.我宁愿乘火车也不愿坐公共汽车去那儿.
（3）rather…than otherwise 不是别的，而是
is rather cold than otherwise.ヌ旎故峭冷的。
三、词语辨析
born,give birth to
(1) born in/on/at/of/from… 出生于……
was born in a city. 她出生在一个城市里。
the boy was born of/in/from/into a poor peasant family.
那个男孩出生于一个贫穷的农民家庭。
(2)be born+n. 生来就是，天生就是……
one is born a teacher.ッ挥腥松来就是老师。
(3)give birth to 生，产生
gave birth to a fine healthy baby.ニ生了一个漂亮健康的宝宝。
the chinese nation has given birth to many heroes.ブ谢民族涌现了许多英雄。
, elder
二者都是old的比较级，但用法不同。old用于人时指年龄更大，用于物时指更旧;elder只用于比较同辈人中的年龄大小，只用作定语。
elder brother is five years older than i.ノ腋绺绫任掖5岁。
this table is much older than that one.フ庹抛雷颖饶钦啪伞＊
r,outdoors
outdoor是形容词“室外的”，多用作定语；outdoors是副词“室外（地）”“户外（地）”，在句中作状语。它们的反义词分别是：indoor（室内的）和indoors（室内地）。
often sleeps outdoors in summer.ハ奶焖常在室外睡。
we need more outdoor exercise.ノ颐切枰更多的户外活动。
ⅰ.单项选择
health depends,of course,________________a number of factors.
on
like the red silk dress ________________ that black one if you let me choose.
not than than
put a fence ________________ the vegetable to keep the chickens ________________.
;in ;out ;out ;in
4.-do you regret paying so much money for the book?
-no,i would gladly pay ________________ for it.
times as many times so much
times as much as much time
5.-did they receive you well?
-yes,they ________________ in a good hotel.
up us us up us up up us
6.-is there any present for me?
-of book ________________ you.
given for to be given for intended for intended to
cowboy________________ the cattle that ________________ eating the grass here and there.
up;was up;were d up;was d up;were
8.-where shall we ________________ tonight?
-i think the clearing near the river is a good place.
________________ diamond is ________________.
le;curious-shaped le,curious-shaping
us;curiously-shaped us;curiously-shaping
lia ______ almost one third of the worlds are also ____,fruit and vegetables are ______ in it.
es;kept;grown ;grown;produced
;produced;kept es;grown;kept
1 peasants ________________ the majority of the population in china.
make from up up of make of
strange animal ______eggs,yet feed its young ________ its milk.
;on ;on ;with ;on
would take the slowest train ________________ by air.
than going than go go to go
students in class two are planning ________________ in the summer holidays.
camp to camp go camp go camping
is ________ price to one person ______ worthless to another.
;maybe ;may be ;maybe ;may be
soldier rushed into the railway station ________________.
a gun in hand gun in hand
in hands in hand
17.-id like to go to the cinema with you,dad.
-sorry,but the film is ________________ for adults.
ed tended ed ted
of the students gave performances,and the ______ ones served as the audience.
ed ing
dictionary can _________ all the english idioms.
painting looks better if seen ________________ distance.
a the a the
1.b depend upon/on 取决于。 2.b rather than 而非。
3.b keep the chickens out 不让鸡进来。 4.c 省略句。 5.b fix up 安排住宿。
6.c be intended for 意指。 7.d round up 赶拢，cattle 是集合名词。
8.a 9.c 10.a 11.b make up 构成 12.b
13.b go与take 构成平衡结构。 14.d plan to do 计划做某事;go camping 去露营。
15.d 16.d gun in hand 相当于with a gun in his hand 17.b
18.d the remaining ones 相当于the ones left 19.a 20.c at a distance 隔有一段距离。
语法天地
复习归纳v.-ing(现在分词)的用法。
(1)现在分词的形式：见下表
以及物动词ask,不及物动词go为例。
(2)分词的时间意义
①现在分词的一般时表示的动作，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。如：
one day i found a boy playing on the track.
②现在分词的完成时表示的动作，发生在谓语动词动作之前。如：
having cleaned the desk,we began reading.
(3)现在分词的否定式：not+v.-ing
(4)现在分词的作用
现在分词在句中起形容词和副词的作用。
①作定语：单个分词作定语常放在被修饰词的前面。分词词组作定语放在被修饰词的后面。如：
he was waiting for the sleeping boy.
do you know the man sitting over there?
切记：having done 分词的完成时永远不能作定语。
［误］do you know anyone having told lies?
［正］do you know anyone who has told lies?
②作表语
如：the story that i read yesterday is very touching.
③作补语
im sorry to have kept you waiting.
切记：分词作补语与宾语或主语的关系：分词作宾语补足语，分词的逻辑主语就是句子的宾语;作主语补足语时，分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
现在分词与逻辑主语间是主谓关系。
分词与不定式作宾补的区别：
现在分词与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系，并表示动作正在进行。
动词不定式与宾语有逻辑主谓关系，表示动作全过程已经结束。如：
i feel my heart feeling fast.(强调动作正在进行)
did you hear anyone come in?(强调动作的全过程)
④作状语
a.分词短语作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时，多位于句首，可转换成状语从句;作表示结果、方式、伴随情况状语时，通常置于句末。如：
working in the factory, we learned a lot from the workers.(时间状语)
being too old, he couldnt walk that far.(原因状语)
standing on the building,you can see the whole city.(条件状语)
being young, he knows a lot.(让步状语)
many trees had been blown down by the high winds, blocking roads.(结果状语)
one woman was lying in bed, awake, listening to the rushing wind.(伴随状语)
b.分词作状语与谓语动词的时间关系。
现在分词表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时进行。现在分词的完成时先于谓语动词的动作而发生。
注意：逻辑主语是分词解题的钥匙，一般说来，现在分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。即分词与句子的主语存在逻辑上的主谓关系。
分词与逻辑主语的关系如下表
但几个常用的词组不受这种语法限制。
generally speaking(一般的来说) strictly speaking(严格的来说)
roughly speaking(粗略的来说) judging from(由……来看)
如：generally speaking,newspaper follows the american way.
judging from his accent,he must be from shanghai.
(5)分词与从句/独立主格结构的区别
①从句的结构为：关联词(after,before,since,as…)+主语+谓语。如：
after i had put down my newspaper,i walked over to the window and looked out.
②分词是短语，无关联词(但可保留when,while,if,though…)如：
when leaving the airport,they waved again and again.
③独立主格为短语，无连词但有逻辑主语和逻辑谓语，逻辑谓语由非谓语动词承担。如：
weather permitting,well go to the great wall.
(6)独立主格结构
独立主格结构在句中作状语。一般说来，表示时间、原因、条件时常放于句首。表示方式或伴随放于句末。
①表示时间 如：the work finished,they left the room.=after the work was finished,…
②表示原因
如：it being a rainy day,kate wore her new raincoat=because it was a rainy day,…
③表示条件 如：weather permitting,well visit the great wall.=if weather permits,…
④表示方式或伴随情况
如：the family started on their way,children running and jumping in front.
独立主格结构的构成
①名词(代词)+不定式或分词 如：the clock having struck 12, i went to bed.
注意：being\,having been的省略：being\,having been在名词作逻辑主语的独立结构中可以省略。如：class(being)over, we began to have a break.
his work(having been)finished, he went home.
但代词作逻辑主语时，being\,having been不可省略。如：
they being our friends,we should help them.
你来试试：
［改错］he stood there with his eyes fixing on the ground.(fixing→fixed)
it fine, we went out for a walk.(fine前加being)
②名词(代词)+形容词/副词/介词词组 summer over, students returned to school.
③with+名词(代词)+宾补。这种句型又叫with的复合结构。如：
with his mother out,he failed to do his homework.
注意：独立结构中冠词的省略。
在“名词+介词短语”的独立结构中，如果逻辑主语与介词短语中的名词都是单数名词，在这些名词前习惯上不用冠词。如：the teacher came in,with a book in his hand(book in hand.)
你来试试：
［改错］the man was sitting over there,a pipe in mouth.(去掉a)
语法专项练习
professor came into the lab,________________ by his assistant.
ing ed followed follow
trees,flowers and grass __________ everywhere my town has taken on a new look.
ng d plant be planted
r ________________,well go fishing tomorrow morning.
permitting s ting ted
key ________________,i couldnt enter the office.
lost been lost lost lost
5._______not enough money,i couldnt buy the dictionary.
being was being was
6.________________,the boy couldt enter his house.
the key has lost key was lost
the key lost the key
________________ ill,ill stay home ________________ a good rest.
fall;taking ;to taking g;taking g;take
8.a letter has been written to him,________________ him to the party.
invite d ng
________________ it right,he was encouraged to try again.
do done
10.________________ your head,and youll see the sun ________________ now.
;rising ;raising raise;rising ;being risen
11.________________ from his clothes,he is not so poor.
g judge judged
12.________________ now pretty late,we took candles and went upstairs.
be being being
an football is played in 80 countries, ____ it the most popular sport in the world.
make
14.________________ a reply,he decided to write again.
receiving ing not having received not received
________________ the child had to live alone.
died
the people,________________ the wounded,were brought to safty.
ed ing e include
the people,the wounded ________________ were brought to safety.
ed ing e include
my way home,i saw a thief ________________ money from a lady by police.
caught caught stealing caught to steal
stepped into his room,____ ______ a lot of things _______.
g;robbed g;stolen ;missed find;robbed
20._____ ___ up at his father,he asked what was the matter with him?
looked g look
1.b followed by his assistant 被助手跟随。2.b planted 表示动作完成。
3.c 独立主格结构。4.b 独立主格结构。5.c 独立主格结构。
6.d 现在分词作状语，the boy 是动作的执行者。
7.c 8.d 9.d 分词作状语。10.a 祈使句+and… 11.b judging from 是独立结构。
12.d 句子意为：天已黑，我们拿着蜡烛上楼。 13.a
14.c receive 发生在decide之前，所以用完成时;not+doing 构成分词的否定式。
15.b 16.b 17.a 18.c catch the thief stealing
19.b steal a lot of things，不可说rob sth., rob sth.是正确的。 20.b
（二）高考真题
1.(上海)__in 1636,harvard is one of the most famous universities in the united states.
founded was foundeded ng
简析：选c。founded既表示了harvard的被动（被创建），又表示动作发生在过去（in 1636）。
2.(2000上海)the ________boy was last seen________near the east lake.
g;playing g;;played ;to play
简析：选a。missing是一个形容词，丢失的，下落不明的。修饰boy，句子中出现了last这个副词，表示当时的一个情景，故用分词playing而不能用play。
3.(上海)the bell________the end of the period rang,________our heated discussion.
ting;interrupting dicated;interrupting
ting;interrupted ted;interrupted
简析：选a。“indicate”和“interrupt”和bell的关系都是表示主动，都用现在分词，indicating作定语，interrupting作状语。
4.(2001高考题)___such heavy pollution already,it may now be too late to clean up the river.
suffered suffer ed
简析：选a。此题考查现在分词的用法，suffer的逻辑主语是river，表主动，因此用现在分词的完成时。
短文改错专项训练篇七
topic: write a concise passage
time: 2:55 p.m. march 17,
purpose: 1. explain why wordiness appears in writing usually.
2. make a wordy phrase, sentence and passage concise.
3. build up a concise passage.
aids: cai, computer and poh.
procedures:
in general: 1. pre-learning: give examples and ask students to discuss how wordiness happens.
2. presentation: summary what students express and induce them to think how to correct wordy sentences.
3. practice: direct students to correct wordy phrases, sentences, and passages and organize certain rules by themselves.
4. consolidation: write a concise passage according to the given requirements (picture story).
5. homework: 1) correct some other passages.
2) surf website about english writing.
in detail:
step i. pre-learning.
give two different versions of passages and ask students to compare:
the two passages:
passage one: tom is four years old and he is energetic. one day a bike was give to him. the bike is new and it is a light blue color. tom received the bike for his birthday. he struggled to ride his bike. he struggled for two hours. however, he was unsuccessful in riding the bike.
passage two: four-year-old tom is energetic. one day, he got a light blue bike for his birthday. he struggled for two hours to ride it, but he was unsuccessful.
the hint: passage one is too long with many redundant words, while the second is concise and clear. that is what should be achieved in writing.
step ii. presentation.
show wordy phrases and sentences. ask students to discuss how wordiness appears and find out the way to correct them.
sample one: the employee with anger quarreled with his boss. (angry)
a girl likes chinese food better. (prefer)
there are many people hunting animals for living in the mountain. (hunters)
in the not too distant future, our dreams will come true. (near)
he gave up school on condition of the fact that it was necessary for him to support his family. (because)
summary one: change phrases into single words.
sample two: the house, which was built newly is near the sea.
(the newly-built house )
people who are interested in the job must send your resume to our company before friday.
(people interested in the job)
the way that is most efficient and convenient...
(the most efficient and convenient way)
while he is waiting for the bus, he always recites texts. (while waiting for the bus or waiting for…)
please put the money at a place where it is safe.
(please put the money at a safe place )
summary two: change clauses in phrases.
sample three: a letter was sent by mrs. smith.
(mrs. smith sent a letter)
your luggage will be checked by a custom official and then a pass card will be given to you.
(a custom official will check your luggage and give you a pass card)
the production of the factory was affected greatly by so many inexperienced workers.
(so many inexperienced workers affected the production of the factory greatly.)
although chinese is regularly used by students, a close and complete study of the subject is seldom taken by them.
(although students regularly use chinese, they seldom take a close and complete study of the subject.)
summary three: change unnecessary passive into active voice.
sample four: the skirt is blue in color. (the skirt is blue)
in the year of 1840 the war broke out.
(the war broke our in 1840)
we plan to meet before sunrise very early in the morning. (we plan to meet before sunrise)
i play basketball equally as well as my brother.
(i play basketball as well as my brother.)
summary four: avoid repetition.
step iii. practice
correct wordy sentences and passage.
1. there are many ways in which a student who is interested in meeting foreign students may come to know one.
(students interested in meeting foreign students may come to know one in many ways.)
2. there are many farmers in the area who are planning to attend the meeting which is fixed for next friday.
(many farmers in the area plan to attend the meeting fixed for next friday)
3. to work as a accountant, an education in money planning is required.
(to work as a accountant, one requires to study money planning.)
4. the subjects that are considered most important by students are those that have been shown to be useful to them after graduation.
(students consider the subjects shown useful to them after graduation most important.)
5. the decision that was reached by the committee was to put off the vote.
(the committee reached the decision to put off the vote.)
(the committee decided to put off the vote)
6. the animal trainer dove into the pool. the trainer was skilled and athletic. she was excited when she dove into the pool. she swam with two dolphins. the dolphins were babies. the dolphins were playful. the trainer swam with the dolphins for over an hour. when the trainer swam with the dolphins, she was happy.
(the skilled, athletic animal trainer excitedly dove into the pool and happily swam for over an hour with two playful baby dolphins.)
step iv. consolidation.
ask students to write a passage as concise as possible and evaluate some examples in class through poh. (picture and story)
step v. homework
1. give students more samples of wordiness to revise and improve.
1)before the travel agent was completely able to finish explaining the various differences among all of the many very unique vacation packages his travel agency was offering, the customer changed her future plans.
2)during that time period, many car buyers preferred cars that were pink in color and shiny in appearance.
3) our branch office currently employs five tellers. these tellers do an excellent job monday through thursday but cannot keep up with the rush on friday and saturday.
4) the blizzard contained strong winds and heavy snow. during the snowstorm, the roof of the town library collapsed. the roof of the post office did the same. the blowing snow covered the county roads. schools cancelled classes due to the white-out conditions.
5) locked away in the old chest, richard was surprised by the antique hats.
2. click website http：／／ or http：／／ for more information about writing if it is possible.
短文改错专项训练篇八
lesson 37
step 1 revision & presentation
a) 复习”主谓一致”: 用所给动词的适当形式填空:
1. a poet and artist__________(come) to our party tonight.
2. mr. green, as well as his family, _________(travel) with us now.
3. either he or i__________(be) to attend the students’ meeting.
4. the cattle_________(feed) on the grass in the fields, when the children arrived.
5. bread and butter__________(be) a daily food in some western countries.
6. what they need now ________(be) more experienced teachers.
7. his family___________(be) football fans.
8. the police__________(report) that the wanted man is now staying in this hotel.
9. many a child___________(be) playing basketball on the playground.
10. each teacher and each student________(be) expected to attend the lecture.
11. ________(be) ten minutes too short for you?
12. there__________(be) an adult and many little children enjoying themselves in the classroom.
b) ask ss some questions about people who disappear. ask: what do you do if people disappear? who do you telephone? what do try to find out? what might have happened to people who disappear?
step 2 reading
1. ask questions about the picture, and get the ss to tell you what they think is
happening.
2. listen to the dialogue (book closed) and find out the answer to this question: what do they think has happened to linda bell? (it looks as if she has gone away for a few days.)
3. read the dialogue aloud, and finish exercise 1 (p.181).
step 3 language points
1. turn up ( turn down, out, in, to, over, … )
1) he asked jane to marry him, but she turned him down.
2) there was no one in the street to whom i could turn for help.
3) i didnt think he would turn up until 10p.m.
4) if you pick up anything, you should turn it in to your teachers.
5) the rumor has turned out to be false.
6) he turned the matter over in his mind, and then made a decision.
7) would you turn up the radio a little? i can hardly hear the program.
( its ones turn to do sth., in turn, by turns, out of turn, take turns to do)
2. may/might/must/cant have done 用情态动词表示对过去某事可能性的推测,注意其反意问句的表达方式, 以及根据语气不同选择不同的情态动词.
”i wonder why they are late.“ ”they must have missed the train.“
jenny cant have been with him at that time, for i was having dinner with her in my home.
”what do you think of the service here?“ ”oh, wonderful! we couldnt have found a better place.“
he might have given you more help, even though he was very busy.
he left three days ago. he may have arrived in beijing. in other words, he may be
there now.
注意反意文句的表达方式:
it must be mary who is in the office, isnt it?
he cant have been caught stealing yesterday, did he?
they might have been working for some thirty years, havent they?
3. happen v.
if anything should happen to him, that would be too bad.
i wonder whats happened to him.
it so happened that i had no change on/with/about me.
i happened to have no change with me.
( break out, take place, add up to, appear, belong to, rise, cost…不用于被动态)
4. since/ever since
i have studied at this school since . ( since 是介词 )
i entered this school in 1998, and i have studied here ever since. ( 副词 )
he has lived in beijing since he moved to the north three years ago. ( 连词)
it is a week since he arrived/smoked/stopped smoking.
汉译英：
1）他在一九七0年离家，以后即无音讯。
he left home in 1970, and has no been heard of ( ever ) since.
2）她自结婚后未回过家。
she hasnt been home since her marriage.
3）自上次见面后，你到哪里去了？
where have you been since i last saw you?
4）你到伦敦多久了？刚好一周。
how long is it since you got to london? its a week since i arrived here.
5. it looks/seems as if
it appears/sounds as if
6. mean, meant, meant v. means n.
mean to do sth./mean doing sth.
meant to do/didnt mean to do
be meant for
7. its (just) like sb. to do sth. 某人(恰恰)就是…这个样子,表示赞扬或不满,若用
否定,则表示怀疑.
its like him to leave the work to others.
its not like him to have said anything like that.
it is like her to think of others before thinking of herself.
另外, it is likely that…/sb. is likely to do sth.
8. obviously shes gone somewhere to stay.
dont worry, betty. this time i will be here to stay.
the new ideas have come to stay. （持久，继续流行，变成根深蒂固）
i hope that the principle of equality of opportunity for men and women has come to stay/is here to stay. （我希望男女机会平等的原则能持久。）
(stay single/open, stay up, stay for a meal)
9. at the back of , on top of, in (the) front of, at the bottom of, at the top of
10. she’s taken the bag that usually sits on top of the cupboard.
sit---to lie, rest, be in a place or position and not move.常与on连用:位于，坐落在，处于某位置。
the books sat unread on the shelf for years.
这些书放在书架上未经阅读已经好几年了。
he, together with his children, lives in a village sitting on the side of a hill.
他和他的孩子们住在坐落在山腰处的村子里。
there are some family photos sitting on the writing table.
有几张家庭照片放置在楔子台上。
lesson 38-39
step 1 reading comprehension
1. listen to the story and give answers to three questions on p.56.
1) why was bill worried?
two men were following him. bill was afraid that they would try to steal something from him.
2) where had bill planned to travel to? japan.
3) what was the new plan?
mick would go to japan instead of bill.
2. read the whole story, and answer questions on p.57&p.58.
3. finish exercise 1 on p.182 and exercise 1 on p.183.
4. fill in the blanks with the suitable words on p.182&p.183.
5. retell the whole story with the help of the information on p.57---retelling.
step 2 language points
1. pick up
while staying in canada, he picked up english and french. (获得，学会)
he slipped and fell, but quickly picked himself up. （跌倒后爬起）
wait at home patiently, ill picked you up in a few minutes. （用车接）
he picked up the waste paper, and put it in the basket. （捡起）
it is difficult for us to pick up voa. （收听到）
you will soon pick up health when you get to the seaside. （恢复）
she is a girl i picked up in the street.（偶然结识）
pick out , pick, choose, select, elect.
pick flowers/fruit/words/ones nose/ones pocket
pick out ones friend in the crowd （分辨出）
pick out some good apples （挑选）
there are only five to choose from.
choose your friends carefully.（审慎择友） choose husband/wife
he had to choose between death and dishonor. （两者择其一）
select a christmas gift for the child （精选）
selected works written by lu xun
he was elected president of the usa in the general election.
2. as though/as if
he acted as if nothing had happened.
this american girl speaks as though she were a chinese.
3. glance v.&n.
he glanced over his shoulder to see if he was being followed.
will you please glance over my report before i send it to the manager?
he glanced through the letter, tore it into pieces, and threw it into the fire.
he glanced at the watch, and left in a hurry.
take a glance at the headlines at first glance
4. escape v.&n.
none of you can escape from the terrible place.
is there any one of you escaping being injured/the injury in the accident?
his telephone number escaped me for the moment.
there have been very few successful escapes from this prison.
that is a narrow escape.
5. thought n.&v. thoughtful adj.
have a sudden thought/at the thought of / deep/lost in thought
i have no thought(intention) of hurting your feelings.
may i have your thoughts on this matter?
he says he cannot read my thoughts.
he keeps his thoughts to himself.
idea n.
i have no idea what to say next.
i have some idea of the trouble you meet with during the experiment.
what idea can a blind man have of color?
6. the last time he was in cairo…
i made quite a lot of friends the last time i stayed in the country.
be sure to bring me the photos of your son the next time you come here.
each time/every time/the first time/the minute/the moment/the instant
every time i went to beijing, i would visit the great wall.
im sure you will be struck by its beauty the minute you see it.
immediately, directly, instantly, on doing sth. 一……就……
7. in a flash 转眼间, 突然间
in a flash, he realized that i had already recognized him.
it seemed that everything changed in a flash.
news flash （简短的新闻电报）
the idea flashed into/through my mind.（掠过，闪现）
8. form v.&n.
form a childs character/mind/ideas/opinions/plans
i cant form any idea or opinion about it.
its easy to form a bad habit, but its difficult to get rid of it.
a good idea formed in my mind./came into my mind/was developed in my mind.
a good idea hit/seized me.
in the form of…
9. on/upon his arrival…
on/upon arriving at…
as soon as he arrived at…
immediately/directly/instantly he arrived at…
fear表示原因, 常跟表示情感的名词.
his face turned pale with fear.
the old woman was trembling with cold.
the patient was burning with fever.
she brightened up with joy.
her eyes shone with pleasure.
were wild with joy.
11. beat v.(beat, beaten)
he was beaten black and blue. give sb./get a good beating
our team got a sound beating./was beaten. he beat me at chess.
the rain was beating against the window. beat the record
the sun was beating down on our heads.
12. have sth. done
they have decided to have their old house rebuilt.
when i was training in the gym, i had my leg hurt.
tom had his hands burnt.
the robber had his head cut.
i have to have/get the plan carried out as soon as possible.
比较：have sb. do sth./have sb. doing sth./get sb. to do sth./get sb. doing sth./get
13. by name
i know this man by name.
the teacher knows all the students in her class by name.
a person of the name of smith wants to see you.
a person with the name smith…
a person, smith by name, …
a person by the name of smith…
a person named smith…
另外，he writes under the name of jack smith.
the boy was named after his father.
14. with结构.
he showed me a piece of paper, with his address written on it.
we are sure to finish the task ahead of time, with him to offer the help.
he lay there, with his eyes looking straight upwards.
mothers in that village have to work hard in the fields with their babies on their
backs.
he likes sleeping with the windows open and the light on in summer.
15. the moment/the minute…
for a moment一会儿
for the moment眼下,暂时(for the time being)
at any moment随时,任何时候
at the last moment在最后一刻
can i speak to you for a moment?我可以和你谈一会儿话吗？
i wasn’t fooled for a moment.我一点儿也没有上当.
i will be ready for a moment.我马上就准备好.
be careful----he might come back at any moment.当心,他随时都可能回来.
for the moment we are content to watch and wait.目前我们甘心在一旁观察和等待.
i recognized her the moment i saw her.我一见到他就认出他来了.
he’s never late, but he often arrives at the very last moment.他从不迟到,但他常常在最后一刻赶到.
16. be perfect for sth.
the weather is perfect for an outing.
the big house is perfect for our large family.
the place is perfect for our holidays.
17. break off/down/up/into/in/out
18. force v.&n.
force open a door/force a door open
(cut/tear/burst sth. open, set sb. free, keep sth./sb. alive )
force ones way through a crowd
force sb. to work hard (into working hard)
force a smile, a forced laugh
the force of a blow/an explosion, force of character/emotion
the forces of nature
the armed forces of a country, the army, navy, air force
by force
19. flight n.
two flights of stairs
the flight into egypt
a flight of capital
a none-stop flight from paris to new york
a flight of swallows
20. …completely astonished.
”weve got the first place!“ we cried, greatly pleased and excited.
she accepted the gifts, deeply moved.
she hurried back home, eager to tell his family the result of the competition.
the child stole into the room, not daring to wake up his father.
21. trick
he got the money from me by a trick.
dont try any tricks!
play a trick(tricks) on sb./dirty tricks/unfair tricks/double-dealing tricks
22. spare v.&adj.
have no spare money/time/room/parts
can you spare me a few litres of petrol?
i cant spare the time for a holiday at present.
spare no efforts/pains to do sth.
短文改错专项训练篇九
【教材分析】
太阳，与人类的生活息息相关，从古到今，它一直是一个具有永久魅力的话题。关于太阳的传说、故事很多，本文所记载的就是与太阳有关的两个故事。古人虽没有用科学知识来揭开太阳的奥秘，但那种丰富的想像，那种对大自然的挑战，那种对未知世界的探索精神是值得我们每个现代人学习的。学习本文要让学生广泛收集有关太阳故事的.资料、图片，采用多媒体教学，让学生直观形象地接受课文内容，并理解、掌握其所蕴含的意义。
在教学过程 中要运用新的理念，培养学生自主、合作、交流、探究的能力，为学生构造一个轻松、活泼、愉悦的学习的平台，从而达到接受新知识的目的。
【教学目标 】
1、让学生了解并掌握神话故事的知识。
2、有感情地诵读并熟练地背诵课文。
3、培养学生热爱祖国古代文化时思想感情。
4、培养学生自主、合作、探究的能力。
【教学重点】
对课文内容的理解、诵读及背诵。
【教学难点 】
让学生明白故事中蕴含的意义及课外的拓展延伸。
【课前准备】
1、让学生收集一些有关太阳的资料、图片、连环画。
2、课前预习课文，并写出预习提纲。
3、录音带、录音机、实物投影仪、做好的课件，最好采用多媒体教学方法。
（第一课时）
【教学内容】
师生互动学习《夸父逐日》
【教学过程 】
一、整体感知
1、导入 课文
同学们，太阳是宇宙中和人类关系最密切的星球，它发出的光和热给人类带来了光明和温暖，使我们愉快地学习、工作和生活，今天我们共同学习关于太阳的神话故事----《夸父逐日》。板书课题：夸父逐日
2、学生介绍关于神话的知识
教师补充：
中国神话是我们中华民族辉煌灿烂的文化遗产中的一部分，最初产生于我国原始社会，在漫长的历史发展中越来越丰富，如盘古开天地、女娲补天、嫦娥奔月、八仙过海等，或宏伟壮丽，或典雅庄重，或优美动人，或谐趣天成，其中蕴含着深刻的寓意，给后人留下了丰富的精神财富。人们无不从丰富多彩的神话中受到启迪。新课标通用创新教学设计案例精选神话分古代神话和民间神话，本文属于古代神话，全文仅375字，把故事中的人物、情节、结果全都展示出来。
3、放录音，让学生感知课文
4、学生诵读课文并背诵
5、投影仪出示本课要理解的词
夸父 逐走 入日 河 渭 大泽 道渴而死 邓林
6、对照注释翻译课文。
二、合作、探究、交流学习
（四人小组进行）
1、用自己的话讲述这个神话故事。
2、读了本文你受到什么启迪？
3、读了本文说说你对夸父这一神话人物的认识。
（畅所欲言，可从不同角度认识）
短文改错专项训练篇十
unit 17 great women
浙江省黄岩中学 王精红 王晨溢 陈佩君 丁瑛 毛海晨 冯丽红 许威
教材分析
本单元中心话题是“伟大女性”。谈论了普通女性, 着重介绍了世界上不同民族、不同领域中的非凡(杰出)女性及其成就。各部分的内容都是围绕这一中心话题而进行设计的。
“热身”(warming up) 部分呈现四幅杰出女性的照片，引出杰出女性这一话题。 要求学生说出她们的姓名及主要成就，然后通过提问和讨论，让学生了解杰出女性取得辉煌的成就必须付出艰辛这个道理，并以此激励自己。在这阶段的语言实践中可培养学生概述人物特征的能力。
“听力”(listening)部分的内容就是一则对话，谈论old school photos 中的人物及其过去和现状。要求学生根据材料，正确记录所谈及的人物的特征、专长及现状并对陈述的句子进行正误判断。让学生通过“听”学习描述人物的形容词，为后面的“口语”部分打下基础。“口语”(speaking) 由两部分组成。一是看图描述人物，呈现了三幅不同身份女性的照片，要求学生根据照片对人物进行描述，训练学生恰当使用形容词描述人物品质的能力。二是小组活动，一个学生想出一个著名女性人物，其他学生轮流提问并通过对方回答内容推断该著名女性人物是谁，本活动旨在活跃学生思维和课堂气氛。
读前(pre-reading)部分设计了四个问题，分别是有关南极探险，南北极地理知识及两极著名动物知识，通过讨论扩大学生知识面，并为下一步阅读提供背景资料。
“阅读”(reading)部分是一位女性独自一人在南极探险的故事，讲述了“我”怎样以顽强的意志战胜困难，脱离险境。这篇文章以生动的事实教育学生要在逆境中奋起，从而培养学生耐挫的良好品格。
“读后”(post-reading)部分设计了两种练习。第一部分是针对文章的理解，检测学生对文章理解的程度。第二部分是学生评价文中的人物，旨在培养学生概括能力，同时渗透了德育内容。
语言学习(language study)分词汇和语法两部分。词汇部分设计了10个语境，帮助学生加深对新词汇的理解和记忆，训练学生在语境中理解词汇的能力。指导学生养成通过语境记忆词语的方法。本单元的语法项目是主谓一致。主要是群体名词作主语的用法。如果群体名词指整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式；如指个体成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。具体包括三个步骤：1.主谓一致的语法规律和例子；供学生自主学习并探究群体名词主谓一致的变化规律。2.机械性操练，用动词的适当形式填空，检验学生自主学习的结果，强化群体名词一致规律的掌握。3.不定代词的人称指代。
学习技能(integrating skills)部分包括读、说、写三种，其中读说结合，通过阅读和讨论，掌握用典型事例刻画人物性格特征的写作手法，了解成功女性应具备的条件和品质，进一步培养概括能力和描写能力。叙述人物时做到观点与材料相统一，善于用具体生动的事例去表现人物。随后提供范文，要求学生会写fan letters，旨在让学生运用写作方法。
学习建议(tips)部分向学生提供了如何描写人物的一些建议。旨在帮助学生了解描写人物的框架及文体特点。学会用生动具体的实例去表现人物，刻画人物的特点，从而培养学生的英语写作能力。
复习要点(checkpoint)简要总结了本单元的语法重点-主谓一致。并罗列了一些常用的群体名词供学生拓展使用。最后两个问题引导学生对本单元所学的词汇作一次小结，以增强学生自主探索的学习能力。
课时安排
teaching plan for unit 17 great women
g up, listening and speaking
(1)listening
(2)speaking
(3)listening in work book
2. talking
(1)warming up
(2)talking in work book
(3)extended reading
3. reading
(1)pre-reading
(2)reading
4. post-reading
(1)reading
(2)post-reading
(3)extended reading
ge study
(1)word study
(2)grammar
ating skills
(1)reading
(2)writing
(3)checkpoint
教材重点和难点
1．重点单词:
inspire vt. 鼓舞、感动、激发、启示
admire vt. 赞美；钦佩；羡慕
regret. n. 懊悔，悔恨 vt. 为……感到遗憾；后悔
increase vt./ vi 增加；增大
value vt. 估价；评价；重视
threaten vt. 恐吓；威胁；预示危险
bother vt. 烦扰；打扰 vi. 烦恼；操心
generous adj. 慷概的；大方的
cheerful adj. 愉快的；高兴的
mean adj. 卑鄙的；吝啬的
warm-hearted adj. 热诚的，热心的
cold-hearted adj. 冷漠的；无情的
tense adj. 紧张的，拉紧的
miserable adj. 痛苦的；悲惨的
dishonest adj. 不诚实的
dull adj. 迟钝的；无趣的；呆滞的
optimistic adj. 乐观的
extreme adj. 极端的；极度的；偏激的
stormy adj. 暴风雨的；多风暴的；激烈的
shelter n. （u）避难；保护，隐藏 (c)避难所，隐藏处
2、重点词组：
be about to do 即将，正要做某事
around the corner 很近
struggle through 艰难地渡过
find…doing 发现---处于（状态）
increase to增加到
none of毫无，一个也没有
lie down躺下；（风）渐息
at the top of one’s voice以最大的嗓音
tie to系在，栓在
(be) in good health身体状况好，健康
put up a tent 搭起，架起帐蓬
make a decision作为决定
give up放弃
think of考虑、想起、记起
come to terms with 甘心忍受（不愉快的处境）
rise to fame 出名
lead…to… 通向，导致
3、词汇拓展：
inspire (vt.) → inspiring (adj.) inspired(adj.) inspiration(n.)
admire (vt.) → admiring (adj.) admirer(n.) admirable (adj.) admiration(n.)
value (vt.) → valuable (adj.) valueless(adj.) value(n.)
extreme (adj.) →extremely (adv.)
cheerful (adj.) → cheerfully (adv.) cheer (vt.)
4、句型结构
（1）it has often been said that life is difficult as it is.
（2）…during the next week the wind grew stronger and i found myself spending a whole day in my tent.
（3）i was moving forward over a slope that seemed safe when suddenly without warning my world dropped out from under my skis.
（4）in her television shows she makes it possible to talk about great moments and difficulties in people’s lives.
（5）i had travelled only two hours one day when the winds increased so much that i had to put my tent up before the winds became too strong.
5、重点语法
主谓一致,主要是群体名词作主语的用法。如果群体名词指整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式；如果指个体成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。主要群体名词有: band, club, company, minority, police, party, public, audience, class, government, enemy, team, group, enemy, family etc.
6、教学难点
(1)用得体的英语描写人物特征，并以生动具体的例子来佐证。
(2)引导学生学习杰出女性的优良品质，树立远大目标，勤奋刻苦，严以律己，敢于冒险，知难而进。困难时候，改变方法，或者调整方向，达到成功彼岸。
teaching plan
period 1 warming up, listening and speaking
goals:
the students’ listening ability.
some words describing people and use them correctly.
step 1 warming up
in march, there is an important international festival. ask and answer:
qs: festival is it? (women’s day)(show a picture of women’s day)
there men’s day? (no)
is there a special festival for women?(in the old time, women were looked down upon and badly treated. by creating this festival, the government just intends to raise the women’s position in society.)
will you say to your mother?(thank you)
do you think of your mother?(patient, hard-working, kind, caring, careful, etc.)
most ordinary women like our mothers have such excellent qualities. they are worth respecting.
about girls?(lovely, charming, cheerful, etc.)
step 2 pre-listening
look at the photos of four girls-- lily, rose, jane and sandra. they are alice’s old school friends. everyone has their school days. it gives us great pleasure to look at the old school photos and talk about the old school friends. now let’s share the pleasure with alice and the other women.
step 3 while-listening
tell the students that they will be listening to a dialogue of two young women. alice tells lucy about her old school friends.
for part 1, the students have to listen carefully to the descriptions that alice gives of four of her classmates: lily, rose, jane and sandra. look at the three questions in the chart and make sure that they understand what they should listen for.(this listening material can be spanided into four parts for the four girls. the students can listen to each part twice, and then check the answers at once.)
for part 2, students should listen carefully to the descriptions of the four women, the relations between them and alice and their qualities. they have to fill in the blanks with the correct words.(the students should listen to the material as a whole, and then check the answers.)
step 4 post-listening
well done! from the listening material, we have got some useful expressions to describe women and girls. now let’s make a list of adjectives for describing them. the adjectives can be positive or negative. boys give a list of positive words and girls try to give a list of negative words. let’s see who can give as many as possible.
positive negative
strong smart honest friendly warm kind cheerful popular generous pretty hard-working pretty charming helpful optimistic warm-hearted talented learned fashionable naive caring patient responsible patient weak stupid lazy dishonest mean tense cold unkind dull cunning cruel cross cold-hearted selfish
step 5 picture-talking
show picture 1 and ask:
can you see in the picture?
does she look like?
kind of woman do you think she is?
ask inspanidual students for details. then the teacher give suggested answers, emphasizing the adjectives and useful expressions used to describe women.
suggested answers:
photo 1: there is a woman in an office. she’s about middle-aged and dressed in a gray jacket. she’s talking on the phone. she is holding a pen in her right hand to write down some information from the phone call. the desk she is working at is perhaps a reception desk. there’s a pile of papers on her left. there’s also a bag with sunflower seeds. there’s an empty chair beside her with what looks like a computer. there are some plants on the window sill. the woman seems to be a hard-working person. you can see that she’s very careful, because she is listening attentively, and has a pen and writing pad ready to make notes. i don’t think people like her are unfriendly, but she may be a bit cold. she could be a manager or an office worker.
step 6 gathering
ask students to gather expressions used to describe this woman.
woman seems to be …
2.i don’t think people like her…
may be…..
could be….
5.i can see that…
besides, more expressions can be used for describing a woman. inspanidual students can brainstorm them, or they are presented directly by the teacher if it is difficult.
seems to me to be the kind of woman who …
impression (that) she makes on me is….
8.i think she is the kind of person who ….
looks as if….
doesn’t seem…
step 7 group work.
show picture 2 and 3. get the students to describe them, making use of the adjectives and useful expressions. remind the students that it is not important to describe these people as they really are, but what impressions they have of them. they may refer to the questions below:
can you see in the picture?
does she look like?
kind of woman do you think she is?
could she be?
work in groups and have a discussion. after the discussion, the leader reports. then the teacher gives the suggested answers:
photo 2:
there’s a girl using a mobile phone. she’s wearing a red jacket. i can’t see her face very well. from the way she’s dressed, i think she’s perhaps a cheerful and friendly person. she might be a student.
photo3: in photo 3, there’s a mother feeding her baby. the baby is sitting in a special chair. the impression she makes on me is that of a woman who is friendly, caring and warm.
step 8 listening
you see, ordinary women have different personalities. they play an important role in different fields. among them, some have made efforts to allivate poverty in their communities to make life better. the women’s world summit awards special prizes to these people, like mrs adetona and mrs zeng. listen to the tape and hear how they earned their prizes.
suggested answers:
do some women get the award that is talked about?
women may get the award when their ideas or work have helped to make life better in their villages.
has mrs adetona helped women in her village?
mrs adetona has helped women in her village (get loans) to start small businesses.
was mrs adetona’s work important?
mrs adetona’s work was important because with her help now more than a thousand people can take care of their families and send their children to school.
did mrs zeng teach women in her village? write down two things.
mrs zeng taught the villagers 1)how to plant potatoes, 2)how to take care of sheep and 3) how to take care of the environment by planting trees on the hills around the village.
happened to mrs zeng in ?
in 2002 mrs zeng was chosen to be one of the village leaders.
step 9 summary
today we’ve done some listening and speaking, especially we have learned to describe people.
homework
spanide the students into four groups to collect information about these great women: song qingling, madam curie. pearl s buck, mother teresa, including their family and achievements.
相关网址
①www. /
/pearl//
④www. /nova/
⑤www. /peace
⑥www. /motherteresa
period 2 talking
goals:
encourage students to express their admiration for famous women and their achievements.
the students know the fact that women should get the same opportunities as men in different fields.
step 1 lead-in
yesterday we learned to describe women. most women are ordinary women, like our mothers, aunts or sisters. however, they play an important part in our life. it has often been said that women hold up half sky. in this half sky there are some shining stars-outstanding women. some have become very famous, but we cannot say that all outstanding women are famous. however, they are all great women. today, we just learn about some great women.
step 2 picture-talking
show the pictures of song qingling, madam curie, pearl s buck and mother teresa. ask the students the question: what kind of people do you think they are?
get them to use the useful expressions to describe them.
step 3 group work
yesterday you were asked to search the internet for information about them. now you have a discussion in groups, and then your leader should give us a report. your report may cover these questions:
were they?
did they live?
were they from?
kind of work did they do?
are they known for?
suggested answers:
song qingling married dr sun zhongshan in 1915. she was the vice-president of the people’s republic for many years. she busied herself with various welfare activities, ranging from heading the women’s federation to a number of committees involving (orphaned) children.
maria curie (1867-1934) was born in poland, moved to paris and studied chemistry and physics there. she married pierre curie and together they studied radioactive materials and discovered radium. in 1911 she received the nobel prize in chemistry. her death in 1934 was almost certainly due to radiation in her work.
pearl (1892-1973) was born in the usa but grew up in zhejiang province after her parents moved to china in 1895. she first learnt chinese and was later taught english. from 1910 to 1914 she studied in america and then returned to china. in 1931 she wrote her best-known novel, the good earth. she won the nobel prize for literature in 1938.
mother teresa of calcutta (1910-) was a world famous catholic nun. from the age of 18 she worked in india to help the poor. for more than 20 years she took care of people who were often mentally or physically disabled. she was awarded the nobel peace prize in 1979. in , she was honoured with the name of blessed teresa.
step 4 game
besides these four great women, there must be more great women who really inspire you. let’s play a game. student a thinks of a famous woman, comes to the blackboard, writes the name on a piece of paper and folds it so that it can’t be seen. one of the other students begins by asking questions about her. student a may only answer “yes” or “no”. if the answer is “yes”, the student can ask more questions. if the answer is “no”, another student gets a chance to ask questions. keep asking questions until you know who she is.
example: b:is she chinese? a:yes, she is.
b:is she a famous actress? a:no, she isn’t.
c:is she good at sports? a:yes, she is.
c:has she ever been a world champion? a:yes, she is.
c:does she play table tennis? a:yes, she does.
c:is her name deng yaping? a:yes, it is.
some possible great women:
deng yaping, miss nightingale, helen keller, madam thatcher, marilyn monroe, wu zetian, zhao wei etc.
step 5 pre-talking
as we all know, there are many famous women in all fields, including politics, science, literature and peace. all these fields were usually occupied by men. but it has proved that women can do as well as men. they have got many prizes and achieved fame and fortune. fans, flowers and applause are all around them. what we have seen is their success and their fame. ask questions :
you admire them? why?
it easy for them to reach their achievements?
qualities have made them stand out?
fame and achievements never come easy. in addition to that, the career of women is often less smooth than that of men. they have to overcome obstacles. it has often been said that life is difficult as it is. for women it sometimes seems twice as difficult.
it more difficult in the past?
in the old time, girls used to be looked down upon. they didn’t learn to read or write. when they got married, what women were expected to learn was how to “catch” husbands and then to keep them happy by running a comfortable home. they couldn’t go out to work. in modern times, great changes have taken place. please turn to workbook page 95 talking. look at the graph.
step 6 role play
the graph shows us that the number of women taking part in higher education in china is actually very high. and their members are on the rise. so if women get out of school with a high level of education, why is it difficult for them to get high-level jobs?
suppose you are all members of a group that must decide who will be the new manager in the department store where you work. a woman has applied for this job and you discuss whether she can get the job or not. there are five roles:
1)first, there is the boss of the company.
2)second, there is the manager who is leaving. it is his job that the woman wants to take.
3)third, there is a colleague who will have to work together with the manager.
4)fourth, there is a worker. the new manager will be his or her boss.
5)finally, there is the owner of the company who will help the others to make a decision.
the students will be spanided into groups of five. in each group, there are five roles. the role of the fifth student is the owner of the company who will help the others make the best decision. the boss will start the discussion. later, ask one group to act it out.
example:
b: okay. as we all know m, the manager here will leave next month. so our company will hire a new staff member. we have received many letters from men and women who would like to take this job. in this meeting, we hope to make a decision whom to give the job. m, maybe you can say something first.
m: ok. well, we all know that my job is no easy one. therefore we are looking for somebody who is responsible and has good communication skills. there is no need to say that we are looking for somebody who is hard-working and loyal to our company. i think the person for this job must be good at dealing with people and he or she must be a real team worker. the job is difficult because sometimes there can be conflicts between staff. you have to be a strong kind of person and hold a firm stand.
b: well. together with the owner of the company, we have already looked at most letters and made some choices. manager of this department is an important job in our company and that’s why i want that person to be a strong and inspiring personality. qualities that the right person for this job should have are that he or she is friendly and warm, but also strong and smart. we are now left with two, a man and a woman. i would like to hire the man, because i think a man will do this job better. but the woman has better qualifications and although she does not have as much work experience as the man. it looks as if she could do the job well. the owner of the company has said, well maybe he can explain himself.
o: yes. i have no preference for myself. i believe both the man and the woman could do the job very well. the things, however, i would like all of you to consider are: 1. it might be good if we had more female managers in our company, so the management team could learn more from different experiences, and 2. most staff that the new manager has to work with are women. i know there never were any problems with x, but i have also heard that some colleagues in the department would welcome a woman in this position. we are here to hear their opinion, before making a decision.
c: well, many of our colleagues are women and they do their jobs just as well as the men. i think it could be either a man or a woman, though i prefer we choose a woman. it is very pleasant to work with different people and because there are already so many men working as managers in the company, it might be a good idea to hire the woman.
m: qualities that the right person for this job should have are that he of she should be honest, strong and hard-working. and as far as i can see, both men and women can have all these qualities. the most important thing is that the job gets done.
c: sure. maybe men and women have different ways to solve problems, but we should not say that it isn’t a good thing. i’m sure a female manager will hold her stand in conflicts and can be strong.
w: i haven’t met this person. i’m not sure whether we should take a man or a woman. i suppose if both are equal in many ways, i agree with the owner that we should take a woman. in some ways it would be easier for female staff to talk to a female manager. she might understand some problems better. i believe that women should get the same opportunities provided that she is well qualified and possesses the qualities we feel are needed. on the other hand i am sure that if everybody feels that the man is the better of the two, then we should decide to take him.
b: well, that should not make any difference. i think the person for this job could either be a man or a woman. the qualities that the right person for this job should have are to treat all staff, men and women equally. …
step 6 summary
today we’ve learnt something about some great women in the world. from what we’ve learnt we can understand that women are equal to men. if we want to succeed, we must work hard.
just as madam curie says: “life is not easy for any of us. we must work, and above all must believe in ourselves. we must believe that each of us is able to do something well and that, when we discover what this something is, we must work hard at it until we succeed.”
homework
ed reading---read four passages about song qingling, madam curie, pearl s buck, mother teresa to get more information.
the internet for facts about antarctica and arctic.
period 3 reading
goals:
the students’ basic reading ability by getting to know something about a famous woman named helen thayer.
students have strong wills and determination if they set their goals.
step 1 lead-in
show some pictures of winter scenery, the north pole and the south pole, etc. while asking and answering, the teacher should present some new words.
ask qs:
1. are they beautiful?
it cold or hot?
is the coldest place? (the north pole and the south pole/antarctica)
countries are part of the north pole and south pole?
countries that are part of the north pole: norway, sweden, russia, finland, the usa, canada, greenland, denmark
countries that are part of the south pole: chile, argentina, south america, australia, new zealand
’s the weather like there?
(extremely cold, stormy, windy, 24 hours of day or night) (show videos)
animals live on the north pole and the south pole
some animals that live on the north pole: polar bear, wolf, snow fox, seal, walrus, reindeer, moose, killer whale
some animals that live on the south pole: penguin, seal, walrus, whale
do polar bears never eat penguins?
polar bears live on the north pole while penguins live only on the south pole.
step 2 pre-reading
you want to go there and have a look at these animals with your own eyes?
you want to go there, what will you take with you? why?(while asking and answering, teaching some new words and expressions.)
1)warm clothes 2)dark sun-glasses 3)ski/snowshoe
4)tent (put…up for shelter) 5)sled (pull… dogs) 6)ice pick
7) matches. 8)maps 9)stove 10)backpack
doesn’t need to be brought? (drinking water)
4. will you travel alone to the south pole?
a person was alone in antarctica, what would the person be like in your opinion?
the person should be strong, young, energetic, healthy and brave.
the person should have a strong will, great courage and determination.
it’s clear to see that being in antarctica alone is a dangerous journey of challenge. can you imagine a woman of 60 years old making a solo expedition in antarctica? the woman is called helen thayer.(呈现图像)
step3 skimming
task 1 now please read the text fast to find out:
did helen thayer finish her solo expedition? (no)
task 2 then show the six simple drawings in the wrong order. ask them to rearrange the pictures in the right order.
step 4 scanning
then the teacher explain each picture by asking and answering some questions. meanwhile, some important and difficult language points in bold should be explained.
picture detailed information
1 1)what did she do at 50?
2)what did she decide to do at 60?
3)when did she begin her journey?
2 was the weather like?
was the weather later?
many hours did she travel when the winds increased?
3 was her birthday?
did she spend her birthday?
4 happened when she was moving forward over a slope?
did she rescue herself?
do you think she could rescue herself?
5 did she hurt herself?
did she do after the accident happened?
’s the result of the accident?
6 decision did she make?
did she make such a decision without regret?
suggested answers.
picture 1
traveled to the north pole alone.(alone:by herself.)
decided to travel alone in antarctic.
nov. 1st, 1997.
picture 2
was fine. the sun shone 24 hours a day. the wind was icy but not very strong.
it turned to be stormy weather. the wind grew stronger into a howling storm.
had traveled only 2 hours one day.
picture 3
was on nov. 12.
thawed a frozen cake(一块结冰的蛋糕) over the fire, placed a candle on the top, lit it and sang “happy birthday to me.”
picture 4
fell into a deep hole and was hanging on the ropes(which were) tied to the sled.
took her a long time to climb out carefully.
is because of the self rescue training she had had.
picture 5
had a bad accident with the sled and hurt her leg.
struggled to her knees(挣扎着跪起来) and put her tent up for shelter on her hands and knees.
couldn’t stand on（stand on 用。。。。。。站立）her left leg and her head was woozy?
picture 6
decided to end the journey.
cause she had met the challeges（迎接挑战） of solo travel in an extreme climate and she had to think of her family.
le choice.
1)antarctica is another name for _______.
north pole south pole
2)helen thayer was born on ________
.1,1937 .12,1937 .22,1947 .1,1997
3)on the 22nd day of the expedition helen thayer had an accident. what happened?
was attacked by a polar bear.
was blown away with her tent by the storm.
fell into a hole which was a few hundred feet deep.
had an accident with the sled and hurt her leg.
4)what decision did helen take after the accident?
spent a whole day in her tent.
waited till she got better and continued her journey.
gave up and went back home.
was thankful for all the training she had had.
key:1.1.d 2.b 3.d 4.c
step 5 listening
listen to the tape, and follow it. explain some language points.
title para language points
1 else, but (what else would i do but…)
about to do
2 just around the corner
le through…
3 se to…
en to do sth.
4 down
the top of one’s voice
5 …to…
thankful to sb. for sth
6 be in good health
7 1. lying on the ice (if i lay on the ice)
2. be woozy from…
8 wait to get better or give up?
(should i wait to get better or give up?
step 6 retell
ask the ss to retell the text using about 100 words. then ask some students to act it out.
notes:
use of the pictures.
the first person to retell.
one possible version:
on november 1st, 1997, i began my solo travel to antarctica in order to celebrate my 60th birthday. for the first days, the weather was very good and there was bright sunshine. but soon, the day was cold and stormy. i traveled slowly because of the bad weather. on nov 12, i celebrated my birthday in a special way. during my expedition, i came across some accidents: i once dropped out from under my skis and fell into a hole; i couldn’t stand on my left leg and my head was woozy from hitting the ground and so on. however, i overcame those difficulties thanks to my training i had had. it is an experience i shall never forget and shall value for the rest of my life.
step 7 discussion
（group work）what can we learn from helen thayer’s solo expedition？
suggested answers:
1)the sweetest grapes hang the highest.最甜的葡萄在最高的树梢。
2)where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。
3)perseverance is vital to success.毅力是成功的重要条件。
step 8 song.
enjoy a song----- it’s a long, long road to travel alone
i always thought i’d like to roam
one day i started alone
out in this old wide wicked world
away from friends and home
it’s a long long road to travel alone
and when the day is gone
no place to pillow my head at night
only on the cold stone
i’ve traveled around from town to town
now it’s time that i settled down
i’ve had my fill of rambling around
and now i am homeward bound
one day a letter came to me
and this is what it read
come home my boy to the old homestead
your father and mother are dead
it’s been a long road to travel alone
i wish i had never roamed
i thought i’d soon see my mother and dad
but now i am left alone
homework
1. 假设你是helen thayer，请你选择下面的日期写一篇探险日记。
nov.12,1997 / nov.22,1997
the internet for more information about helen thayer.
/thayer/.
period 4 post reading
goals:
develop some in-depth understanding skills by correctly evaluating helen thayer.
inspire students to aim high , work hard and keep on working to reach their goals. sometimes they should find solutions or different ways to reach their goals if their results are not very good or they have difficulty.
step 1 lead-in
ask some ss to share the diaries about helen thayer’s solo expediton with the whole class.
step 2 post-reading
(group work)
you admire helen thayer?
kind of woman is helen thayer? why?
suggested answers:
brave it is unusual for women of her age to do things like that.
strongthe description of the terrible weather conditions and the ways she deals with her accident.
perseverantshe has the power to go on even when the circumstances or conditions are very hard.
responsibleshe demonstrates this by her good decision to stop and not risk her life after her accident.
honestthe description of her journey.
step 3 appreciation
(inspanidual work)
ask ss to find out the beautiful sentences which make deepest impressions on them. then paraphrase them.
r-journey of challenge and danger was about to begin.
paraphrase: i was going to start another journey of challenge and danger.
2.i found myself spending a whole day in my tent.
paraphrase: suddenly i found that i had been spending a whole day in my tent.
3.i was thankful for all the training i had had.
paraphrase: i was rescued by myself all because of the training that i had had.
is an experience i shall never forget and shall value for the rest of my life.
paraphrase: this experience will affect my life in the future.
a few minutes the winds increased to a howling storm that threatened to blow me and my tent away, but none of that happened.
6.a few days later, i was moving forward over a slope that seemed safe when suddenly without warning my world dropped out from under my skis.
notes: the sentence structures of no.5 and no. 6 should be analysed carefully and the personification should be pointed out.
step 4 discussion
task 1(pair work)
some people think helen thayer is a failure because she didn’t finish her extreme travel. do you agree? what’s your point of view?
suggested answers:
helen thayer shows us that no matter whether we are men or women and no matter what age, we can set ourselves goals and work hard to achieve them. in the process of getting there. she experienced difficulties and set-backs. after a bad accident, she realized that she could not reach her goal in any possible way, or her ambition was too high for her. she gave up and go back home. it is reasonable. we shouldn’t risk our life. we can change our ways or methods to reach the goal. in a word, helen thayer is a success.
task 2(group work)
about your own goals in life?
will you try to reach them?
some advice:
must set goals (what you are really good at and what you most like to do)
any cases, work hard and keep on working to reach your goal.
your results are not very good or you have difficulty, you must think about this carefully. you have to go on or make a decision. the most important thing is to believe in yourself and not to give up too early.
step 5 extended reading
read the passage about helen thayer--first woman to solo any of the world’s poles in order to get more information about her extreme travel to the north pole.(show a picture of helen thayer with her faithful dog called charlie.)
helen thayer
--first woman to solo any of the world’s poles
helen thayer, born and educated in new zealand enjoyed a lengthy career as an international discus thrower, representing three countries, new zealand, the country of her birth, guatemala, where she lived for almost four years with her husband bill, a helicopter pilot, and then the united states. later in 1975 she won the usa national luge championship, gained all american honours and represented the usa in luge competition in europe. she was a cross country ski racer and instructor, a kayak racer, high altitude mountain climber and climbing instructor. she climbed the highest mountains in new zealand, (mount cook), north america, (mount mckinley), former soviet union, (peak lenin and peak communism). she also climbed in mexico, and china, in addition to a multitude of the highest peaks in the rugged cascade mountains where she and bill live in the cascade foothills.
in 1988 helen and her husband bill, decided to create a series of educational projects for students k to 12 throughout the world.
the first project would be a journey to the north pole. it was the barren islands, the hardy plant life, the arctic animals which have adapted to one of the world harshest climates and the sea ice which helen would have to travel across that made her realize that this would be the place to begin the educational programs. polar bears were her special fascination and she was not to be disappointed. this is home to one of the largest populations of polar bears in the world.
in 1988, at the age of 50, helen decided to walk alone to the north pole without the aid of aircraft, dog teams or snow mobiles. she was totally unsupported. she walked and skied, pulling her own 160 pound sled filled with all her supplies. her only companion was charlie, a black canadian eskimo husky. charlie’s only job was to walk at helen’s side to protect her from polar bears. he did his job well. he saved her life at least once. they were confronted by seven polar bears, one at a time, throughout the almost month- long journey of 364 miles. helen made her way around the entire north pole area.
she began on march 30 and finished on april 27. it was a long and lonely journey. helen’s expedition was the only one going to the magnetic north pole in 1988, therefore she had no warning of the ice conditions which lay ahead of her.
then she wrote a book about her journey to the pole titled polar dream with a foreword by sir edmund hillary, published in the usa by simon& schuster.
helen traveled most of the journey across the sea ice photographing and taking notes as she went. because the north pole is constantly in motion, she traveled to the area of the pole. the canadian geological survey gives expeditions, air charter services and scientists the yearly coordinate of the pole which is the approximate center of a large area.
when helen arrived in the area of the pole she traveled a roughly triangular path throughout the area. although it meant walking and skiing many more miles it was only by walking around the area that helen could photograph and describe in her educational program, the various islands of the north pole.
after she returned home her first job was to gather her photographs and notes into a programme of education for students k to 12. the educational programme has reached students in 38 countries. to date helen has spoken to more than 450,000 students in schools, classrooms and school conventions.
polar dream is an adult book but is also popular in classrooms as a study project. not only is the book the real life story of this historical journey but it is a factual account of this interesting place close to the top of the world.
and it is the story of a faithful dog called charlie who traveled at helen’s side watching for polar bears. charlie went home with helen and lives with three other dogs, 4 goats and two donkeys. he runs with the thayer’s daily hikes and climbs mountains. he truly enjoys a life of luxury. as helen will tell you, “what charlie wants, charlie gets”
ask and answer some questions:
did she do?
many high mountains did she climb?
did she decide to make the journey to north pole? did her husband support her?
was her only companion on the journey? how did it help her?
has become of her companion?
what way did she travel throughout the area of the north pole? why?
she finish her journey? how long did it last?
book did she write about her journey to the north pole?
suggested answers:
1. she enjoyed a lengthy career as an international discus thrower. she was a cross country ski racer and instructor, a kayak racer, high altitude mountain climber and climbing instructor.
2. she climbed the highest mountains in new zealand, (mount cook), north america, (mount mckinley), former soviet union, (peak lenin and peak communism). she also climbed in mexico, and china, in addition to a multitude of the highest peaks in the rugged cascade mountains where she and bill live in the cascade foothills.
3. in 1988 helen and her husband bill, decided to create a series of educational projects for students k to 12 throughout the world. /yes.
4. her only companion was charlie, a black canadian eskimo husky. charlie’s only job was to walk at helen’s side to protect her from polar bears.
5. charlie went home with helen and lives with three other dogs, 4 goats and two donkeys. he runs with the thayer’s daily hikes and climbs mountains. he truly enjoys a life of luxury.
6. she traveled a roughly triangular path throughout the area. although it meant walking and skiing many more miles, it was only by walking around the area that helen could photograph and describe in her educational program, the various islands of the north pole.
./ she began on march 30 and finished on april 27.
8. polar dream.
homework:
e you are a reporter on a magazine named “great women”. you’re going to write a report about helen thayer after the interview with her.
(group work): work in groups and discuss how to write the report, what to write and how to describe helen thayer. then finish it.
w “language study”.
period 5 language study
goals:
practise using some words and expressions in the unit.
help the students to draw the grammar rules for subject-verb agreement and put them into practice.
step1 game
in the last several periods, we’ve learned some new words. let’s play a game:
two students from each group are standing face to face. some words are shown on the screen. one of them explains them one by one either by body language or by giving situations, the other tries to say the word by guessing its meaning. the one who guesses the most in the given time will win.
the words are as follows: generous, warm-hearted, threaten, tense, thankful, candle, miserable, cheerful, mean, shelter, slope, solo, mean, inspire, challenge, optimistic, value.
sample situation:
t: the wangs are my neighbours. one evening, someone knocked at my door. i opened and saw the son with a basket of ripe and nice oranges. he said his uncle had brought them a lot from the countryside and his mother wanted him to give some to me for a taste. before i could express my thanks, he moved to the next house. the wangs are always ready to have their neighbours share the things their relatives bring them. what do you think of the wang’s family? and what about their son?
s: ( the family are generous, and the son is generous, too.)
step 2 word study
i. turn tosb page 32 word study complete these sentences with the words from the box.. some words may not be used.
to page 97 and finish exx 1 and 3 as quickly as possible
step 3 grammar
task 1 multiple choice
1)a library with five thousand books ______ to the nation as a gift.
offered offered offered offered
2)growing around the lake ______ wild flowers of different colors.
been
3)each of the hotel’s 3000 rooms ______ with air conditioning and television.
equipped equipped equipped equipped
4)different areas of the country _______ own customs.
their its their its
5)the olympic games, which ______ held every four years, ______ the most important event in the world.
,is ,are ,is ,are
suggested answers:
1)a 2)b 3)c 4)a 5)a
task 2 conclusion
from the exercises we know that singular nouns are used with singular verbs while plural nouns are used with plural verbs.
task 3 filling the blanks with the correct verb form.
1)our little group ______ complete again.
2) ______ your group want to stop for lunch now?
3)our family ______ not poor any more.
4)the smith’s family all ______ chinese.
5)the army ______ helping to clear up after the floods.
6)the army ______ the important task to keep the peace.
7)our class______ better than any other classes at playing basketball in our school.
8)our class______ playing a basketball match tomorrow.
9)the team ______ going to play a match on saturday.
10)this international organization ______ going to open an office in beijing.
11)the government ______ to build new villages in the north.
12)the government ______ holding a meeting this evening to discuss the problems.
suggested answers:
1)is 2)do 3)is 4)speak 5)are 6)has 7)is 8)are
9)is/are 10)is 11)is 12)is/are
task 4 conclusion
from the exercises we know that collective nouns can have a singular or plural verb. if the noun refers to a whole unit, the verb is singular. if it refers to the inspanidual members of a unit, the verb is plural. such collective nouns are: army, class, family, club, company, audience, committee, public, party, government, crowd, police, band, minority and so on.
task 5 practice
get the ss to make sentences with collective nouns as subjects(show pictures of two families and two groups).
1)the whole family are watching tv.
2)his family is a big one.
3)the group are having a discussion.
4)this group is bigger than that one.
task 6 practice
finish students’ book page 33 exx 1 and 2 as quickly as possible.
step 4 project
(group work) each group is asked to prepare a paper for testing subject-- verb agreement.
the number of exercises should be 10, and the form is unlimited. you can refer to the exercises and checkpoint we’ve finished. then each group exchange the papers with each other. correct the mistakes while doing it. the best one will be printed out for your homework.
homework
sb page 155 subject-verb agreement carefully to get more rules.
the paper for testing subject-verb agreement.
wb page
the sentences into english.
1) 四班正在讨论怎样学好英语。
2）每一个学生都参加了这次运动会。
3）不是他去，就是我去。
4）刘军和魏国都不来。
5）书包里有一只铅笔盒，一块手表和几本书。
6）这件事谁也不知道。
7）我们每人都知道他在想什么。
8）我们中间没有人去过加拿大。
9）他们俩都不懂法语。
10）周兰和杨蓓都爱好体育。
11）警察正在问他们问题。
12）340加660等于1000。
suggested answers:
1)class four are discussing how to learn english well.
2)every student has taken part in the sports meeting.
3)either he or i am to go.
4)neither liu jun nor wei guo will come/is coming.
5)there is a pencil-box, a watch and some books in the schoolbag.
6)nobody knows anything about it.
7)every one/each of us knows what he is thinking about.
8)none of us has been to canada.
9)neither of us has been to canada.
10)both zhou lan and yang pei like sports.
11)the police are/is asking them questions.
12) three hundred and forty plus six hundred and sixty is/are one thousand.
period 6 integrating skills
goals:
1to learn how to use examples to support your opinions.
learn to write a fan letter.
step 1 pre-reading
1. there are many famous women in all fields. let’s enjoy some pictures of them.
(show pictures of famous women such as deng yaping, miss nightingale, helen keller, madam thatcher, marilyn monroe)
2. (inspanidual work)what do you think is needed in order to be a successful woman?
(a successful woman should be intelligent, determined, hard-working, energetic, strong, responsible, perseverant and endurant.)
step 2 reading
as we have seen, women often experience more difficulty reaching high positions. in america and many other places it is even more difficult when people are coloured. in addition to that, people from poor, remote areas or small villages and towns also often have more difficulty in going to good schools and finding good jobs than people who have grown up in bigger cities. today we’ll read a passage about such a black woman from a poor village in america. (show the video of her interviewing marilyn monroe).but now, she is the number one tv personality.
step 3 skimming
read the passage to find out how oprah winfrey achieved success.
(hard work and discipline lead to her success)
step 4 scanning
task 1 ask ss to read each paragraph and find out the main idea for it.
task 2 when asking for main ideas for each paragraph, the teacher ask more questions for details.
title para main idea detailed information
: 1
: oprah winfrey is not just a very successful tv personality in the usa, she is also a woman who has inspired millions.
1)what is oprah’s programme about?
2)why is oprah winfrey not just a very successful tv personality in the us, but also a woman who has inspired millions?
2 her family 3) what about her family?
3 she was an extremely bright girl at school. 4)why was she an extremely bright girl at school?
5)what did she learn from her father when she lived with him?
4 her work experience. 6)what did she do?
7)why is her show one of the most popular television programmes in history?
5 oprah winfrey’s wonderful career inspires many people to fight for success.
suggested answers:
1)in her television shows she makes it possible to talk about great moments and difficulties in people’s lives. her another programme about literature is popular as well.
2)oprah winfrey is not just a successful tv personality. she has inspired millions of people through her talk shows. she helped people by giving information about difficulties that they had in their lives and talked about things that people could not or were afraid to talk about. in that way she helped people come to terms with problems that worried them or for which they could not find solutions.
3)for her family, life seemed to hold no promise.
4)she asked her kindergarten teacher to let her go to school sooner and she also skipped the second grade of primary school. a few years later, she won a college scholarship that allowed her to go to university.
5)hard work and discipline could lead to self-improvement.
6)worked part-time on a radio programmestarted working for different television stations became the host of “am chicago”
7)oprah’s show is one of the most popular in history. the history of television is of course not very long. oprah has been successful with her tv programme for more than 20 years.
after asking and answering, the teacher can present the table below for the students to have a better understanding about how oprah winfrey reached her success.
a successful tv personality
a woman who has inspired millions
work for television talk about /great moments/ difficulties
help / come to terms with
program about
literature / popular
win many prizes
go to university host a talk show
am chicago →
the oprah winfrey show for over 20 years.
a bright girl
6-14 hard won a college
scholarship
part-time job on a radio program
black
born in a poor family
skip second grades
hard work discipline self-improvement success
step 5 listening
go through the passage while listening to the tape. the teacher may explain some language points.
ult expressions:
to terms with 甘心忍受
sb. about sth. 麻烦某人某事
ing/ inspired令人鼓舞的/备受鼓舞的
no promise 毫无希望
to…= cause 引起,导致
far 到目前为止，和现在完成时连用。
e sb. to do sth. 鼓舞某人做某事
reach在某人所能够得着的范围
ult sentences:
1….made it possible to talk about great moments…
winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story
many women such hardship would be too heavy to bear
step 6 role play
(group work) suppose you were oprah winfrey. now you are at work. you work on a radio programme. people who have something that bother them or have something they can’t talk with others often ask you for help…
problem 1: student a has a problem with his friend. he lost 100 yuan last week and he thought it was his new friend who took it because he was with him all the time that day. but he can’t make a check on his friend and he doesn’t want to lose his friend. he wonders what to do.
problem 2: student b has a problem with his parents. he thinks that what his parents say is to ask him to work hard and do well in the college entrance exams. their goal is his son should go to key university. what they care most is his marks and his health. he is unhappy at home. in this way he can’t get on well with his parents.
problem 3: student c is good at singing and dancing. of course she is pretty. she wants to be a famous singer or a film star. she wonders how she can achieve success.
problem 4: student d is struck by one of his classmates. he is sure he loves her. it has a very bad effect on his study. he doesn’t know what to do.
work in groups and do the role play. then get the ss to act it out.
step 7 writing
you know, oprah winfrey is not just a very successful tv personality in the usa, she is also a woman who has inspired millions. she gets many fan letters every day. she enjoys reading them. here is a letter from one of her fans(sb page 35). read it and go on to read tips on writing and try to find out how to write a fan letter. use it as a model and write a letter to a famous woman you admire, and read to each other in the group.
guided writing
假设你是好莱坞著名华裔女影星-----刘玉玲的影迷，根据下面所提供的资料，给她写封信（请不要逐字翻译）。词数：100词左右。信头已给出（不计入总词数）。
刘玉玲（英文名：lucy alexis liu）1986年12月2日生于美国纽约，从小立志想成为演员。大学毕业后，边打工边为争取角色而到处试镜，不断碰壁却不气馁，终于有了回报。因演电视戏剧《艾莉的异想世界》（ally mc beal）中的吴琳一角而开始令人瞩目。她在成龙的动作喜剧片《西域威龙》（shanghai noon）中饰演公主。接下来，因演《霹雳娇娃1，2》（charlie’s angels）而大红大紫，风靡全球。同时自19以来也获得了不少国际性奖项。
one possible version:
dear miss liu,
my name is emily li. i am 17 and live in zhejiang, china. i wish to tell you how much i like your films and your performance. i am a big fan of your work. i have seen you on tv and in movies many times. my favorite movie is charlie’s angels.
i really admire you and all the good work that you do. i know you had dreamed of becoming an actress since you were a little girl. after college, you took a number of different part-time jobs while waiting for your fortune. in the beginning, your acting career seemed to be going nowhere, but you didn’t give up. your persistence slowly began to pay off. now you are world-famous because of your hard work. i hope to be just as successful as you are when i grow up.
good luck to you always. i wish you a lot of success in the future.
your fan and friend,
emily li
step 8 assessment
(group work)exchange the writing with the group members according to the following criteria for the content
1)does the writer follow the format for informal letters?
(address +date at the top, opening and closing)
2)does the letter give enough detail about the writer’s hero and his or her work?
1) does the writer express his or her admiration?
each group recommends one letter to show to the class.
homework:
reading the integrating skills on the workbook..
over the whole unit and do self-assessment. .
the internet about oprah winfrey.
相关网址：
/free-resources/bhm/bio/.
.
本单元语言点:
warming up
1. it is said that…据说
it is said that he has gone abroad.
he is said to have gone abroad. 据说他已出国。
he is said to go abroad. 据说他将出国。
he is said to be writing a new book. 据说他正在写一本新书。
2. inspire vt.鼓舞，激发
we’re trying to inspire him with confidence. 我们正努力鼓舞他的自信心。
the present excellent situation inspires us to win still greater victory. 目前的大好形势鼓舞我们去争取更大的胜利。
inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的，吸引人的。
we regard lincoln as an inspiring leader.
the yellow river cantata is inspiring. 黄河大合唱是振奋人心的。
inspired adj. 受灵感启发的
the artist told me that was an inspired work of art. 这位艺术家告诉我那是件得自灵感的艺术品。
3. as it is 根据现在情况看，就以现在样子 （常用句子开头与结尾）
i thought things would get better, but as it is they are getting worse. 我原以为情况会好转，但照现在的样子看，只会更糟。
4. twice as difficult as it is 是….的两倍…(困难)
the room is twice bigger than mine.这个房间比我的房间大两倍。
the room is twice as big as mine. 这个房间是我的房间两倍。
the room is twice the size of mine. 这个房间是我的房间两倍。
notes: a是b的几倍
倍数 +as+ 形容词/副词的原级 +as
倍数 + the +名词（size, length, width, height）+ of …
a比b大几倍
倍数+比较级+ than
5. admire vt.钦佩，羡慕 admire somebody for something因。。。而羡慕某人
i admire him for his success.我佩服他事业有成。
listening
1. become of (命运等)降临，使遭遇= happen to
what will become of the children if their father dies? 若他们的父亲死了,这些孩子的遭遇将怎样?
i don’t know what has become of him. 我不知道他的遭遇如何。
2. used to do/ would do
过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，暗示现在已不再如此。
would do 强调过去经常发生的动作，较为主观地表达说话者的感慨，富有感情色彩。
used you to take a walk after the supper?你过去晚饭后常常去散步吗？
when at college, he would go swimming with his classmates. 上大学时，他常与同学一起游泳。
3. generous 慷慨大方的
he is generous with his money in helping others. 他用钱大方，慷慨助人。
it was generous of them to share their meals with their out-of-work neighbours.他们让失业的邻居与其共餐，甚为慷慨。
speaking
1. what kind of people do you think they are?
可以用于插入语的动词还有 “suppose, guess, believe, imagine, expect.”
who do you imagine will come to the party? 你想谁会来参加聚会。
what do you suppose happened to him? 你猜想他出了什么事。
2. think of 想起，想到，打算
think back to 回想
think highly/ well of 高度评价
think little/badly of 认为不好
think over 仔细考虑
think about 考虑
reading
1. 不定式作定语的三种情况
1)不定式与被修饰的词之间具有逻辑上的动宾关系。
i have some letters to answer today. 今天我有几封信要回。
i want to get something to read during my holiday. 我想找点东西假期里看。
please give me some paper to write on. 请给我几张纸用。
2)主谓关系(相当一个定语从句)
you must find a person to help you in the field.你必须找个人帮你干地里的活。
we need someone to send for a doctor. 我们需要个人去请医生。
i was the first woman to travel alone to the north pole. 我是第一个独闯北极的女性。(=who traveled)
3)不具有动宾或主谓关系。
there is no need to worry about him. 没有必要为他担忧。
what’s the best season to go climbing? 什么是爬山的最佳季节?
i’m sure about his ability to complete the task alone. 我肯定他独立完成任务的能力。
2. grow/go+adj, 变成。。。。。。。
grow 逐渐变成，强调过程
the music grew faint as the band marched away. 音乐随着乐队走远而渐渐减弱。
after taking the medicine she grew fat. 吃了那药后，她变胖了。
go 变成（某种状态），通常表示不好的变化。
go red 变红 go mad 发疯 go hungry 挨饿
3 .just around the corner =likely to happen soon.
victory was just around the corner. 胜利即将在眼前。
a big storm was just around the corner. 一场大风暴即将来临。
5. find oneself +形容词/介词短语/分词 发现自己来到某处/或处于某种境地
when day broke, we found ourselves in a small village at the foot of the mountain. 天亮时，我们发现自己来到了那山脚下的一个村子里。
when he came to life, he found himself in hospital. 他苏醒后，发现自己在医院里。
i found myself surrounded by a group of children. 我发现自己被一群孩子包围。
i found the success greater than i had expected. 我发现这一成就比我预期的更大。
6. 过去进行时/过去完成时/be about to do…+when….
过去进行时+when… 正在做。。。突然。。。
过去完成时+when… 还没（刚刚）。。。就。。。
be about to do…+when… 正要去做。。。突然。。。
i had finished my supper when suddenly someone asked me to eat out. 我刚吃过晚饭，这时有人邀请我出去用餐。
i was about to go out when the telephone rang. 我正要出去，电话就响了。
they were having a drink when a frenchman came to them. 他们正在喝酒时，这时一个法国人来到他们身旁。
7. drop out 掉落，掉出
one of his teeth had dropped out.
他的一只牙齿掉了。
8. be thankful to sb. for sth./that….
i’m thankful to you for all your help. 我感谢你这一切的帮助。
you should be thankful that you have caught the train. 你赶上了火车应该感到高兴。
9. stand on 用…站立
stand on one’s head 用头倒立
stand on one leg like a cock 金鸡独立
10. 现在分词短语,表
短文改错专项训练篇十一
教学内容：阅读理解的解题指导及相关练习。
三维目标：、
（1） 知识目标：了解阅读理解的命题特点、解题方法及技巧。
（2） 能力目标：熟练掌握阅读理解的考核项目及解题思路、备考策略。
（3） 情感目标：揭开阅读理解的神秘面纱，使学生树立信心，从容应对。
教学重点：阅读理解的解题方法及技巧。
教学难点：如何从对整篇文章的把握，对特定细节以及复杂句子的理解方面提高学生的归纳、推理、判断能力，选出最佳选项。
教学方法：演绎归纳法。通过对此题型的讲解和归纳，使学生能够更容易从方法上去把握，从练习中去体会其解题的规律。
教学课时：3～4课时
教学用具：多媒体课件；黑板；
教学过程：
step 1 introduction
广东省高考英语阅读理解题的考查目的:
高考阅读理解要求考生在20分钟左右的时间内，完成对三篇不同题材、体裁文章的理解。另外，今年还增加了信息匹配题。要求考生在5分钟左右的时间内，完成对一篇文章有关信息的筛选和匹配。阅读理解考查的不仅是考生对整篇文章的把握能力，还考查了他们快速捕捉信息、准确理解特定细节以及复杂句子的能力；考生不仅要理解文章的表层意思，更重要的是要通过文章的表层去合理推断、挖掘文章的隐含意义、延伸意义。这是对考生能力、智力、心理的一个综合检验。阅读理解的好坏在很大程度上决定着英语考试成绩。
20广东省高考英语阅读理解题的命题形式
高考阅读理解试题的类型主要分为四种：细节理解题、推理判断题、猜测词义题和主旨大意题。它们常见的提问形式如下：
（1） 细节理解题常见的提问形式
which of the following (statements) is true/not true?
according to the passage, who(what, where ,when, why, how, etc,)…?
the following are mentioned except______?
why does the author say…?
where in the passage does the author describe…?
(2) 推理判断题常见的提问形式
the writer implies that______
it can be inferred from the passage that______
it suggests that_______
it can be included from the passage that_____
we can draw a conclusion that_____
we can learn from the passage that____
(3)猜测词义题常见的提问形式
the underlined word “hit”( in paragraph 1) probably means___
what does the underlined part“reimburse you” probably mean?
by saying “it is all worth it” in the last paragraph ,the author means that ______
(4)主旨大意题常见的提问形式
what is the main idea of the passage?
the best title for the passage might be____
the main purpose of the passage is to _____
the passage mainly tells us /is mainly about___
step 2 main content
**阅读理解解题技巧
我们结合《英语周报》高三广州专版第30,31期的专题复习内容研以及配套的例题分析(见《英语周报》),针对高考阅读理解的四种主要题型,给学生做解题策略指导和技巧总结.
1.如何快速、准确地捕捉信息词句，做好细节理解题
策略指导：先浏览一遍题目，把题目的要求储存在大脑中，带着疑问去快速阅读，然后找出与题目相关的信息词句加以理解分析，去伪存真。此种办法能有效地避免做细节理解题时的失误。
【技巧总结】准确捕捉信息，注意对信息进行综合分析，分清主次、真伪，避免受信息的干扰，陷入高考题所设下的”陷阱“，误选干扰项，因为某些干扰选项在文章中也能找到”依据“，具有很强的迷惑性。
2. 如何进行推理判断，做好推理判断题
策略指导：深层含义通常是隐藏在文字背后的延伸之意，弦外之音，如作者的意图、倾向、语气，人物的性格、心理、情感，故事的结局，事情的因果关系等。因此大家需调动自己的逻辑思维能力，透过字里行间，去严密推理，合理想象。
【技巧总结】隐含信息并非”空穴来风“， 而是”有源之水“，即隐含信息也是以文章的语言为载体。大家应准确捕捉信息，调动智力因素，严密推理，合理想象，忌”凭空想象 “或”断章取义“。在阅读理解中结合自己的常识进行判断是必要的，但决不能以常识取代信息分析。推理判断既要严密，又要灵活。
3. 如何进行词义的判断，做好语意理解题
策略指导：首先从词汇所处的语境进行分析，注意上下文之间的关系，如：如果出现that is, that is to say或破折号等，我们可以断定，后面的内容是对前面内容的解释；如果出现转折词but, however, yet以及表示相反结果的on the contrary, on the other hand等，我们可以从所给内容相反的意义去考虑。
【技巧总结】高考语意判断题很多都是考查旧词新义的理解。因此大家需把词汇或短句的字面意义与语境和上下文结合起来，选择最切合文章内容，最符合上下文逻辑的意义，切忌望文生义。
4. 如何抓住文章的中心和主线，做好主旨大意题
策略指导： 读完一篇短文后应有意识地回味一下文章的大致内容，理一理文章的脉络，体会一下段与段之间的内在联系，这样做文章的中心一般都能概括出来, 涉及文章主旨大意方面的题目自然会在头脑中由模糊变清晰。
【技巧总结】我们在归纳文章主题时，一定要注意选项的内涵和外延必须能恰如其分地概括文章的主题，既不能范围过大，也不能把某一细节或侧面误当作主题。阅读时我们还应注意捕捉文章出现频率较高的中心词汇以及文章和段落的主题句。在选择文章题目时，还应注意语言方面的特点：文章题目往往具有凝练、醒目的特点。
5. 猜测词义题
猜测词义是从特定的角度考查考生的阅读理解能力和处理生词的能力。猜测词义包括对词、词组和句意的理解，是高考英语试题阅读理解中的一类必考题。猜测词义题常见的解题方法：
（一）上下文线索猜测词义
任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有关。利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析而推测词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键，也是高考的热点。
如：if he thinks he can invite me out, he is all wet. i don’t like to be with him.
a. drunk b. sweating c. happy d. mistaken
分析：根据i don’t like to be with him我们感受到说话人的语气。我不愿意跟他在一起，那么，他要邀请我出去是不可能的 他就大错特错了。因此答案d。
（二）根据定义或解释猜测词义
阅读文章中的有些生词尤其是新闻报导及科普类文章中的生词，往往在其后有对该词进行解释说明性的短语或句子，如to be, that is , mean, stand for, namely, to refer to, to mean ,in other words等，有时也以同位语、定语从句的形式出现，或用破折号、括号来表示。
如：some ships carried cargo such as coal, oil and military supplies(军用物资),while others carried only passengers.
分析：such as后所列举物品均为“货物”，由此推断cargo的意思相同，和后面的passengers形成对比。
（三）. 根据反义词或反义关系
有的文章作者为了增强表达效果，会用一对反义词揭示事物的不同点，形成鲜明的对比，这时只要把握其中的一词，就不难推出另一词的含义，这种句子多见unlike, although, but, yet, while, on the contrary, on the other hand, for one thing, for another, instead of, rather than等信息词。如：one idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information. quite the reverse, business polite, life itself is games which we must normally play with very imperfect information.
a. quite right. b. time enough. c. most unlike. d. just the opposite.
分析：由前句中perfect information到后面imperfect information这一组对比关系的词，我们可以推断应为“对比、相反”的意思。
(四). 根据同义词或近义词关系
常见的引出同义词的标志性词语有or, like, similarly等。如：
millions of animals die each year on us roads, the highway administration reports. in fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat exist in the us today. the main reason? roadkill.
分析：从后面的同位语an endangered wild cat可知“ocelot”是一种野生猫
（五）利用例证性线索
某些冷僻的词汇后面会举一个例子，使词汇具体易懂。等连接性词语往往用来举例说明前面较难理解的名词。
如：you can take any of the periodicals: the world of english, foreign language teaching in school, or english learning.
分析：通过后面的例子：《英语世界》、《中小学外语教学》、《英语学习》，可知periodicals为“期刊杂志”
（六）根据构词法猜测词义
阅读中常会遇到一些由所熟悉的单词派生或合成的新词，可利用构词法知识来推测其意思。
如：exhibition officials said that a person bitten by one of these snakes would need at least 80ml of an anti-poison medicine to be saved.
分析：anti-poison 是由poison加前缀anti-构成的，anti-意思是“反对、排斥、抵抗”，由此可猜出anti-poison是“解毒、抗毒”的意思。
5. 结构复杂的长句子出现在阅读理解中往往造成大家心理上的紧张，有时读了好几遍还不知道句子的意思，白白浪费了时间,如何对待阅读理解中的长句子?
策略指导：阅读理解中的结构复杂的句子一般分为两大类：第一类是由复合句或并列句构成的长复杂句子；第二类是省略句。对于第一类句子，大家应抓其主干成分，理解其主体意思，其他的成分都是对主体意思的修饰和补充。对于第二类句子，大家应通过上下文找出省略成分，把句子补充完整。
【技巧总结】结构复杂的句子往往出现在说明文或议论文中，这是造成考生心理紧张的主要原因。大家应冷静下来，结合文章所说明或议论的中心话题，抓住主干，层层理解。
6.信息匹配题
主要考察学生的速读能力，即在有限的时间内理解、总结信息并且能快速找到相关的信息的能力。学生要学会寻读（scan），抓关键信息，然后进行匹配。
step 3 homework and consolidation exercises
1. 《英语周报》高三广州专版第30,31期的专题复习内容。
2. 《英语周报》高三广州专版第33-34期的年高考英语模拟试题（一 ）--（十二）一共12套。
3. 和2007年全国各地的英语高考试题中的阅读理解。
补充材料：
阅读理解应测试的能力
阅读理解旨在考查考生理解总体和特定信息的能力。
1. 理解主旨要义的能力
任何一篇文章都有一个主旨要义。有时从文章的第一个段落甚至第一个句子即可以得出文章的主旨要义。从这个段落或句子，读者可以知道文章描述的是谁或什么即文章的主题，也会了解作者希望读者了解主题方面的哪些内容。有时，文章的主旨要义则需要从文章的字里行间进行推断。这类试题主要考查考生的略读文章、领会大意的能力，有时候它
对考生的归纳、概括能力有一定的要求。
2. 理解文中具体细节信息的能力
一篇文章的主题和中心确定之后，还需要有大量的细节信息支持。这些细节对于理解全文的内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础，因而不容忽视。
3. 根据上下文猜测生词的词义的能力
正确理解文章中单词或短语的含义是理解文章的第一步，也是理解文章的基础。不懂得单词的含义根本就谈不上理解文章。但是，有时候英语单词的含义并非等同于词典上标注的汉语意思，其含义随不同的语境会有所不同。根据上下文正确理解灵活多变的词义，
才算是真正初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力。
4. 做出简单判断和推理的能力
在实际阅读活动中，有时候需要根据文章提供的线索和事实，进行逻辑推理，推测作
者未提到的事实或某事情发生的可能性。
5. 理解文章的基本结构的能力
英语文章讲究主题段和主题句。主题段通常在文章的开头，主题句可能在某一段的开头、中间或结尾，作用是交代该段的中心思想，再由全段展开或讨论这个意思。段与段之间通常有词语连接，承上启下，使文章行文连贯。如果希望准确、深刻地理解一篇文章，必须对文章的结构有所了解，把握住全文的文脉，即句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系。对
这种能力的考查一般反映在文章的中心思想、文中某段的大意或指代关系的题目中。
6. 理解作者的意图和态度的能力
每篇文章都有一个特定的写作目的，或是向读者传递某个信息，或是愉悦读者，或是讲授某个道理。而这些信息通常不是明确表达出来，而是隐含在文章之中。因此，这类问
题要求考生在理解文章总体的基础之上，去领会作者的眼外之意。
下面结合2007年广东高考阅读理解试题，具体分析对这些能力的考查：
a
how should one invest a sum of money in these days of inflation (通货膨胀)? left in a bank it will hardly keep its value, however high the interest rate. only a brave man, or a very rich one, dares to buy and sell on the stock market. today it seems that one of the best ways to protect your saving and even increase your wealth is to buy beautiful objects from the past. here i am going to offer some advice on collecting antique clocks, which i personally consider are among the most interesting of antiques.
i sometimes wonder what a being from another planet might report back about our way of life. ”the planet earth is ruled by a mysterious creature that sits or stands in a room and makes a strange ticking sound, it has a face with twelve black marks and two hands. men can do nothing without its permission, and it fastens its young round peoples wrists so that everywhere men go they are still under its control. this creature is the real master of earth and men are its slaves. “ whether or not we are slaves of time today depends on our culture and personality, but it is believed that many years ago kings kept special slaves to tell the time. certain men were very clever at measuring the time of day according to the beating of their own hearts. they were made to stand in a fixed place and every hour or so would shout the time. so it seems that the first clocks were human beings.
however, men quickly found more convenient and reliable ways of telling the time. they learned to use the shadows cast by the sun. they marked the hours on candles, used sand in hourglasses, and invented water-clocks. indeed, any serious student of antique should spend as much time as possible visiting palaces, stately homes and museums to see some of the finest examples of clocks from the past.
antique clocks could be very expensive, but one of the joys of collecting clocks is that it is still possible to find quite cheap ones for your own home. after all, if you are going to be ruled by time, why not invest in an antique clock and perhaps make a future profit?
41. according to the passage, collecting antique clocks______.
a. can hardly keep the value of your savings
b. will cost much of your savings
c. may increase your wealth
d. needs your bravery
42. by quoting (引用) the remark of a being from another planet, the author intends to________.
a. suggest human beings are controlled by a clock
b. describe why clocks can rule the planet earth
c. tell readers what clocks look like
d. compare clocks to human beings
43. which of the following is not mentioned as a way to measure the time?
a. counting the beating of ones own heart.
b. making use of candles, sand and water.
c. observing shadows cast by the sun.
d. keeping slaves busy day and night.
44. the underlined phrase ”stately homes“in paragraph 4 means________.
a. state-owned houses
b. houses in very good condition
c. grand houses open to the public
d. houses where statesmen meet regularly
45. the purpose of the passage is_______.
a. to introduce the culture of antique clocks
b. to offer some advice on collecting antique clocks
c. to compare different ways to make a future profit
d. to explain convenient and reliable ways of telling time
[导读] 这是一篇叙议结合的散文。人们在通货膨胀的今天应该怎样投资一笔钱呢？存在银行里，这笔钱几乎不能够保值，无论存款利息多么高。只有勇敢的人或是富有者才敢于在股票市场买卖。今天保护你的储蓄甚至增加你的财富最好方法之一似乎是购买过去遗传下来的漂亮的物品。因此，作者顺理成章地提出一些关于收藏古董闹钟的忠告，奉劝人
们投资收藏古董闹钟以便将来盈利。
key: 41. c 42. a 43. d 44. c 45. b
41. c。细节事实理解题。收集闹钟可以增加你的财富。根据第1段的句子：today it seems that one of the best ways to protect your saving and even increase your wealth is to buy beautiful objects from the past. here i am going to offer some advice on collecting antique clocks, which i personally consider are among the most interesting of antiques. 今天保护你的储蓄甚至增加你的财富最好方法之一似乎是购买过去的漂亮的物品。这里我打算提供一些关于收集古董闹钟的忠告，我个人认为它们是最令人感兴趣的古董之一。再看最后一段最后一句：after all, if you are going to be ruled by time, why not invest in an antique clock and perhaps make a future profit?别忘了，如果你打算受时间制约，请投资收藏古董闹钟以便将
来盈利吧？
42. a。深层含义理解题。作者引用外星人的话，目的是为了说明人类被闹钟所控制。根据第2段的引文意思：有时候我想知道一个外星人关于我们的生活方式可能会反馈回去的报告内容是什么。“地球这个行星被神秘的动物控制，这种动物坐在或站在一个房间里并发出一种奇怪的滴答声，它有一张脸，脸上有12个黑色的标记，还有两只手。如果没有它的命令人们什么事情也不做，并且它把它那年轻的圆圆的人们的手腕系得紧紧地，这样，无论人们走到那里，都处于它的控制之下。这个动物是地球的真正的主人，人是它的
” 奴隶。
43. d。细节判断题。a项与第2段的下列句子吻合：certain men were very clever at measuring the time of day according to the beating of their own hearts.; b项与第3段的下列句
子吻合：they marked the hours on candles, used sand in hourglasses, and invented water-clocks；c项与第3段的下列句子吻合：they learned to use the shadows cast by the sun.；d项的含义是：“让奴隶日夜忙碌”，这与第2段的下列句子不一致：... but it is believed that many years ago kings kept special slaves to tell the time.但是人们相信许多年之前国王们畜养了专用的奴隶来辨别时间。
44. c。词义猜测题。state-owned houses国有的房子；houses in very good condition状况良好的房子；grand houses open to the public对公众开放的宏伟的房子；houses where statesmen meet regularly政治家们经常集会的房子。根据第4段的信息词student, visiting palaces和museums判断，认真研究古董的学生应该尽可能多花时间参观宫殿、宏伟的房
子和博物馆，可以看见一些过去遗传下来的最精致的闹钟的珍品。
45. b。写作意图题。作者的写作目的是为了提出一些关于收藏古董闹钟的忠告。见第1段句子：here i am going to offer some advice on collecting antique clocks, which i personally consider are among the most interesting of antiques. 这里我打算提供一些关于收藏古董闹钟
的忠告，我个人认为它们是最令人感兴趣的古董之一。
b
do you want to live with a strong sense of peacefulness, happiness, goodness, and self-respect? the collection of happiness actions broadly categorized as ”honor“ help you create this life of good feelings.
heres an example to show how honorable actions create happiness.
say a store clerk fails to charge us for an item. if we keep silent, and profit from the clerks mistake, we would drive home with a sense of sneaky excitement. later we might tell our family or friends about our good fortune. on the other hand, if we tell the clerk about the uncharged item, the clerk would be grateful and thank us for our honesty. we would leave the store with a quiet sense of honor that we might never share with another soul.
then, what is it to do with our sense of happiness?
in the first case, where we dont tell the clerk, a couple of things would happen. deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief. in the process, we would lose some peace of mind and self-respect. we would also demonstrate that we cannot be trusted, since we advertise our dishonor by telling our family and friends. we damage our own reputations by telling others. in contrast, bringing the error to the clerks attention causes different things to happen. immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable. upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased. whenever we take honorable action we gain the deep internal rewards of goodness and a sense of nobility.
there is a beautiful positive cycle that is created by living a life of honorable actions.
honorable thoughts lead to honorable actions. honorable actions lead us to a happier existence. and its easy to think and act honorably again when were happy. while the positive cycle can be difficult to start, once its started, its easy to continue. keeping on doing good deeds brings us peace of mind, which is important for our happiness.
46. according to the passage, the positive action in the example contributes to our .
a. self-respect
b. financial rewards
c. advertising ability
d. friendly relationship
47. the author thinks that keeping silent about the uncharged item is equal to .
a. lying
b. stealing
c. cheating
d. advertising
48. the phrase ”bringing the error to the clerks attention“ (in para. 5) means .
a. telling the truth to the clerk
b. offering advice to the clerk
c. asking the clerk to be more attentive
d. reminding the clerk of the charged item
49. how will we feel if we let the clerk know her mistake?
a. well be very excited.
b. well feel unfortunate.
c. well have a sense of honor.
d. well feel sorry for the clerk.
50. which of the following can be the best title of this passage?
a. how to live truthfully
b. importance of peacefulness
c. ways of gaining self-respect
d. happiness through honorable actions
[导读] 这是一篇说理、规劝性的议论文。本文的中心是：作者提倡通过高尚的行为获得幸福，规劝人们多行善事获得幸福，以形成一种美丽的积极的循环。高尚的思想行为可以使你的生活具有一种和平感、幸福感、善良感和自尊感。过高尚行为的生活可以创造美丽的积极的循环。高尚的思想导致高尚的行为。高尚的行为致使我们幸福的生存。当我们幸福的时候，我们容易产生高尚的思想和行为。虽然积极的循环难以开启，但是，一旦开启，就容易继续下去。坚持不断地做善事会给我们到来平静的心理，这样做对我们的幸福
很重要。
key: 46-50 abacd
46. a。细节事实理解题。第5段第6-8句：in contrast, bringing the error to the clerks attention causes different things to happen. immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable. upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased.比较而言，把这个错误引起这个职员的注意导致几件事情发生。职员立刻知道我们是高尚的（honorable）。我
们一离开商店，就感觉到是高尚的，并且我们的自尊在增加。
47. b。细节事实理解题。第5段第1-2句：in the first case, where we dont tell the clerk, a couple of things would happen. deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief. 在第一个案例中，我们不告诉那个职员，有几件事情会发生。在内心深处我们会知道我们
自己就是小偷。
48. a。句子意思猜测题。第5段分两层意思。第1-5句是第一层意思：在第一个案例中，我们不告诉那个职员，有几件事情会发生。在内心深处我们会知道我们自己就是小偷。在这个过程中，我们的心理会失去平静，也失去自尊。我们也会证明我们不可以信赖，因为我们通过告诉家里的人和朋友的方式来忠告我们的耻辱。第5段第6-8句是第二层意思：比较而言，把这个错误引起这个职员的注意导致几件事情发生。职员立刻知道我们是高尚的（honorable）。我们一离开商店，就感觉到是高尚的，并且我们的自尊在增加。通过对比这两层意思，可以判断bringing the error to the clerks attention意思是“实话告诉这个职
员”。
49. c。细节事实理解题。第5段第7-8句：immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable. upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased. 职员立刻知道我们是高尚的（honorable）。我们一离开商店，就感觉到是高尚的，并且我们的自
员”。
50. d。归纳标题。结合第1段和最后一段，并综合全文，我们可以得知：通过高尚的行为获得幸福。过高尚行为的生活可以创造美丽的积极的循环。高尚的思想导致高尚的行为。高尚的行为致使我们幸福的生存。当我们幸福的时候，我们容易产生高尚的思想和行为。虽然积极的循环难以开启，但是，一旦开启，就容易继续下去。坚持不断地做善事会
给我们到来平静的心理，这样做对我们的幸福很重要。
c
malaria, the worlds most widespread parasitic (寄生虫引起的)disease, kills as many as three million people every year ---- almost all of whom are under five, very poor, and african. in most years, more than five hundred million cases of illness result from the disease, although exact numbers are difficult to assess because many people dont (or cant) seek care. it is not unusual for a family earning less than two hundred dollars a year to spend a quarter of its income on malaria treatment, and what they often get no longer works. in countries like tanzania, mozambique, and the gambia, no family, village, hospital, or workplace can remain unaffected for long.
malaria starts suddenly, with violent chills, which are soon followed by an intense fever and, often, headaches. as the parasites multiply, they take over the entire body. malaria parasites live by eating the red blood cells they infect (感染) .they can also attach themselves to blood vessels in the brain. if it doesnt kill you, malaria can happen again and again for years. the disease is passed on to humans by female mosquitoes infected with one of four species of a parasite. together, the mosquito and the parasite are the most deadly couple in the history of the earth and one of the most successful. malaria has five thousand genes, and its ability to change rapidly to defend itself and resist new drugs has made it nearly impossible to control. studies show that mosquitoes are passing on the virus more frequently, and there are more outbreaks in cities with large populations. some of the diseases spread is due to global warming.
for decades, the first-choice treatment for malaria parasites in africa has been chloroquine, a chemical which is very cheap and easy to make. unfortunately, in most parts of the world, malaria parasites have become resistant to it. successful alternatives that help prevent resistance are already available, but they have been in short supply and are very expensive. if these drugs should fail, nobody knows what would come next.
51. according to paragraph i, many people dont seek care because .
a. they are too poor
b. it is unusual to seek care
c. they can remain unaffected for long
d. there are too many people suffering from the disease
52. people suffering from malaria .
a. have to kill female mosquitoes
b. have ability to defend parasites
c. have their red blood cells infected
d. have sudden fever, followed by chills
53. which of the following may be the reason for the wide spread of the disease?
a. its resistance to global warming.
b. its ability to pass on the virus frequently.
c. its outbreaks in cities with large populations.
d. its ability to defend itself and resist new drugs.
54. it can be inferred from the passage that .
a. no drugs have been found to treat the disease
b. the alternative treatment is not easily available to most people
c. malaria has developed its ability to resist parasites
d. nobody knows what will be the drug to treat the disease
55. which of the following questions has not been discussed in the passage?
a. how can we know one is suffering from malaria?
b. how many people are killed by malaria each year?
c. why are there so many people suffering from malaria?
d. what has been done to keep people unaffected for long?
[导读] 这是一篇介绍医学科普常识的说明文。本文主要介绍疟疾病的起因、传播、危害与治疗。疟疾（malaria）是世界上传播最广泛的寄生虫引起的病，每年都要使三百万人致命--几乎全是5岁以下的孩子，并且是贫穷的非洲人。疟疾病本身有很多基因，对于各种新药物具有抵抗性，所以目前还没有找到根治疟疾病的最佳治疗方法和药物。
keys: 51-55 acdbd
51. a。细节事实理解题。见第1段第2-3句：... because many people dont (or cant) seek care. it is not unusual for a family earning less than two hundred dollars a year to spend a quarter of its income on malaria treatment, and what they often get no longer works. (多年来，有5亿多病例由这种病引起的，虽然确切的数字难以估计，) 因为许多人不去寻求（或不可能）医疗护理。这种情况对于一个年收入不到200美元的家庭并非不同寻常，因为要治疗疟疾病，
就花去年收入的四分之一，并且他们时常所得到的不再有效。
52. c。细节事实理解题。见第2段第3句：malaria parasites live by eating the red blood cells they infect (感染) .疟疾寄生虫依靠吃他们感染的红血球生存。这说明疟疾病患者的红
血球受到感染。
53. d。细节事实理解题。这种疾病之所以广泛传播是因为它有一种自我防御和抵抗新药物的能力。见第2段倒数第3句：malaria has five thousand genes, and its ability to change
rapidly to defend itself and resist new drugs has made it nearly impossible to control.。
54. b。推理判断题。根据第3段倒数第2句：successful alternatives that help prevent resistance are already available, but they have been in short supply and are very expensive. 一些成功的可供选择的化学药品在阻止疟疾的这种抵抗力方面已经出现效用，但是这些可供选
择的化学药品非常短缺，并且昂贵，因此大多数人不容易得到可供选择的治疗。
55. d。细节事实理解题。a项见第2段第1句：malaria starts suddenly, with violent chills, which are soon followed by an intense fever and, often, headaches；b项见第1段第1句：... kills as many as three million people every year almost all of whom are under five, very poor, and african.；c项见第2段第3句：malaria has five thousand genes, and its ability to change rapidly to defend itself and resist new drugs has made it nearly impossible to control.；又见第1段第2
句：... because many people dont (or cant) seek care.；d项没有提到。
短文改错专项训练篇十二
(book3b. lesson 34)
by wang wen xin
place: class three senior three
date: october 13th
teaching type: new lesson
teaching aim 6 and clam ands:
1． develop the students’ abilities of reading and comprehension.
2． grasp the use of some useful words and expressions.
important points:
1． understand the contents of the pass age.
2． analyse the structure of the text.
3． some useful expressions:
prepare sb for sth, at a height of, catch on, do sth to music
difficult points:
1． analyse the structure of the text.
2． the sentence pattern: it is/was + the emphasized part + that ….
teaching methods:
task-based method, comparative method.
teaching aids:
a projector, a tape recorder.
teaching time:
one period.
teaching procedures:
step 1. revision
revise the dialogue in lesson 33 by asking some questions.
step 2 preparation for reading
ask the ss some other pieces of equipment in gymnastics competition (fee exercises, horse, rings double bars ……)
step 3 skimming reading
1． tick the types of exercises that man can perform in gymnastics.
rings floor beam high bars horse double bars “horse” with two handles high – and – low bars
2． read fast and match the number to tell what each paragraph is about
para. 1 a dance
para. 2 b different equipment
para. 3 c history
para. 4 d age
para. 5-6 e safety
para. 7 f boys and girls
3． answer the questions
(1) what do gymnasts have to do in gymnastics competitions?
(2) why do girls perform in gymnastics competitions earlier than boys.
step 4 intensive reading.
1． ask the ss to read the text again and answer the following questions.
(1) when and where did modern gymnastics begin?
(2) what did berlin set up the gymnastics centre for in 1981?
(3) why is dance an important part of gymnastics training?
2． find out the correct choices.
(1) when do most gymnasts begin their training?
a. at the age of 14 or 15. b. at kindergarten.
c. after they’ve physically developed d. in primary school.
(2) women do not perform on _____.
a. floor b. high – and – low bars c. beam d. horse with two handles.
(3) while training you _______. (listen to the tope)
a. can sometimes work alone
b. must perform with out watches shoes and rings
c. have to reduce the training if you aren’t feeling well
d. should never wear clothes with collars or belts.
step 5 language points
i. phrases
1. prepare sb for 使某人对……进行准备
e.g (1)the teachers are _________（指导学生准备考试）the examinations
(2)we should __________（为将来做好准备）
2. require
(1) require doing / to be done.
your clothes require （washing /to be washed.）
(2) require sb to do sth
they required him - (keep) it a secret.
(3) require + that + classes … (should) do sth.
his health requires that he _______（go）to bed early
3. do sth to music 伴音乐做某事
e.g. the students are (doing eye exercises to music.)
伴着音乐做眼保健
4. at a height of … 在…高度
(1) the plane flew __________（八千公尺的高度）
(2) water was found __________（在十米深的地方）
5. catch on sth（被钩住）
my dress __________（被钉子钩住了）
ii. sentence patterns.
1. it is/was + the emphasized past + that (who clause ……)
e.g. he met an old friend in the park yesterday.
→ it was he that/who met an old friend in the park yesterday.
→ it was in the park that he met an old friend yesterday.
_______ he met an old friend yesterday?
a. where it was that b. was it where that
c. where was it that d. was it that where
2. ……improves the way you hold your body.
3. only women perform on the high – and – low bars, one of which is higher than the other, and the “beam”, which is a length of wood only four inches wide which is fixed at a height of 1.20 metres above the ground.
step 6 summary
1． main idea of each paragraph.
para. 1 history
para. 2 dance
para. 3 age
para. 4 boys and girls
para. 5-6 different equipment
para. 7 safety
2． the different types of exercises that men and women do:
men
(1) floor
(2) horse
(3) rings
(4) high bar
(5) horse with two handles
(6) double bars women
(1) floor
(2) horse
(3) high – and – low bars
(4) beam
step 7 home work
1． pay attention to “you” in “prepare you for”
it is used to mean people in general
let the ss find “you/yourself/your” from the passage.
2． preview lesson 35
black board arrangement
it is / was … that …
it was he who / that
it was an old friend that / who
it was in the park that … para. 1 history
para. 2 dance
para. 3 age
para. 4 boys and girls
para. 5-6 different equipment
para. 7 safety
teaching reflection:
短文改错专项训练篇十三
background knowledge:
*a* probably you have learned the names of “the british isles” “ great british” “the united kingdom” “england” and “the british commonwealth”, which have roughly the same meaning.
the british isles refer to the main islands and several thousand small ones as well, which you can see on the map. great britain or britain refers to the larger of the two main islands. but this word “britain” is often used as a short form for the united kingdom or you call it the o.k..
england refers simply to the largest of the three countries on the island of great britain. the united kingdom is the name of the state and is the official name of the country.
finally, the british commonwealth is the present name for what is left of the british empire and the rising tide of national liberation movement throughout the world.
*b*being not far from the sea, london is famous for its fogs(雾). the worst of them happened on december 4, 1952. all movement in the town came to a stop. it was almost impossible to drive or ride in anything. the streets which led into the centre were filled with buses that moved two miles an hour. soon, however, the traffic was stopped. being left by their drivers, the buses and cars stood empty in the streets. many who usually traveled by bus took underground. but there were so many people there that the gates had to be closed. being caught in the fog, people felt their way along the walls of houses with one hand, which they put out the other in front of them so as not to knock against something or somebody.
at the opera house they got through the first act(幕) of la traviata before so much fog had spread(蔓延) into the building that the singers could not see the conductor.
it was a terrible fog, indeed, and as many as 4000 people in london lost their lives.
words, expressions and sentence patterns:
1. try to reach agreement on the main points.
① reach agreement on sth .“在某方面取得一致意见，达成协议”
e.g. the two countries didn’t reach agreement on disarmament of nuclear weapons.
② come to/ arrive at/reach/make an agreement with sb. 与某人达成协议
2. consist
consist of 由。。。组成；由。。。构成（=include, be made up of）
e.g. his job consists of helping old people who live alone.
the committee consists of ten members.
consist in (本质)在（于。。。）， 存在（于。。。）
e.g. the beauty of this picture consists in its balance of colours.
注意：consist 不能用进行时态。
3 …island countries have better chances of becoming powerful.
chance（可能性）+of sth./doing sth; to do sth; that clause
e.g. ① do we have any chances of winning the game?
②there’s a faint chance that you’ll find him at home.
4。do island nations have advantages over other countries?
① a have an advantage over b a优于或胜于b, a比b有优势
e g. in ancient movie, jackie chan has an obvious advantage over others.
② have the advantage of sth. 有某种优势（优点）
eg. i have the advantage of a first-class education.
③ take advantage of 乘机利用某事物
eg. you ought to take advantage of english programs on tv.
5． as well副词短语“也，还”用于肯定句，相当于too,一般放在句末。
as well as 既…又; 和…一样也; 不但......而且......(as well as 侧重前项，not only…but also…侧重后项)
he knows french, and he knows english as well. he gave me money as well as advice(建议).
lily as well as the boys is from america. (as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词跟前一个主语一致)
= the boys are from america. lily is from america as well/ too.
= the boys are from america. lily is also from america. 或. so is lily.
= not only the boys but also lily is from america (not only…but also…采取就近原则)
the boys aren’t from america. lily isn’t from america, either. 或 neither/ nor is lily.
6．of + 抽象名词=形容词 of importance = important of value= valuable of interest= interesting
of + great/much + 抽象名词 = very + 形容词 of great/ much help = be very helpful
of + no + 抽象名词 = not + 形容词 或-less it is of no use . = it is useless.
7．influence 影响
e.g. the book had a great influence on his life.
it was through his influence that he became interested in american culture.
8. say, tell & speak
say hello /yes/no/sorry/goodbye to sb. say one’s prayer 做祷告
tell a lie, to tell the truth说实话 tell the difference between a and b; tell sth. apart
tell a from b
e.g. children should be taught how to tell right from wrong.
time will tell whether i made the right choice or not.
9. lie on the coast 在海岸上
lie off the coast 远离海岸
e.g. the city lies on the coast.
there is an island off the coast.
10. as many/ much/ early as possible (as one can) 尽可能
please get up as early as possible tomorrow for the outing.
(=please get up as early as you can…)
as much/many as 多达… … （表示数目上的比较）
as far as 远至（到）……
as long as 长达
e.g. the difference between his income and mine can be as much as 1000 yuan at least.
as many as 10,000 people watched the boxing game.
they walked as far as the seashore.
after supper she would sit down by the fire, sometimes for as long as an hour, thinking for her young and happy days.
注： 修饰可数名词的量词few及a few , only/just a few (= very few) not/ quite a few (=many), many, a great/ good many
a number of及 a small/ large/huge/ big/ vast/great/good number of，large/huge/ big/ vast/great/good numbers of
修饰不可数名词的量词little及a little, only/ just (=very little) , not/ quite a little(=much), much, a great/ good deal of
a small/ large/huge/ big/ vast/great/good amount of，large/huge/ big/ vast/great/ good amounts of
既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词的量词有：some, any, lots of, a lot of, plenty of,
a small/ large/huge/ big/ vast/great/ good quantity of，large/huge/ big/ vast/great/ good quantities of
a great/ good many of them
11. the idea that english stands for fish & chips, the speaker corner and the tower of london is past.
that 引导同位语从句。
i made a promise that if anyone sent the bag back to me, i would share the money with him or her.
比较同位语从句和定语从句：
mother made a promise that excited all her children.
12. within the uk for many years now, there have been a growing movement to make the most of its cultural spanersity.
make the most of = make the best of充分利用,尽管利用,尽量往里干
e.g.
we have gone one day san francisco, so we should make the most of the fine weather.
they have made up their minds to make the most of the have only a short holiday, so make the most of it.
13. between britain and ireland , in the irish sea, lies the small isle of man. to the southeast of britain lie the channel islands.
to the southeast of britain lie the channel islands.
这两句都是倒装句。表示地点的介词短语或者 here, there, in, out, up, down, away, back, now, then等副词放在句首时，主语是名词句子要用全部倒装。此类句子要注意主谓一致，主语在后边。
14. form the basis for
basis 基础,基本,根据,主要成分,指讨论推断所依据的根据.
base 基地,基础,常指工业基地和军事基地,根据地
what basis do you have for this judgment?
the basis of this drink is orange juice.
on the basis of…
he drew that conclusion on the basis of evidences.
15. in general
generally speaking “一般而言”, 是一种概括性和评注性状语。
strictly speaking; frankly speaking; broadly speaking; judging from…
16. plus prep. 加上； adj. 正的，加的， 超过的（年龄）；超过标准的。
two plus two equals five.
this work requires intelligence plus experience.
all the children here are 10 plus.
her mark was b plus.
17. . approach
n. 靠近，走近，方法，途径
vt/vi. 走近，靠近，着手（考虑），处理， 因事找或接近（某人）
the approach of winter brings cold weather.冬天临近使天气转冷了。
all approaches were blocked. (道路)
her presented a new approach.
new year’s day is approaching.
we approached the museum.
he approached the approach with caution.
he is rather difficult to approach.
practice:
1．______catching the sight of policeman, she can’t help shaking with fear because of that terrible experience.
2．the strange interest that he likes to keep his birdcage______in the daytime has cost him the loss of several rare birds.
g opened
3．the agreement the two countries have ______is highly praised by the international society.
to d d
4．the_______situation of the chess game really _______every member in the game-watching room.
ed；confused ing；confused
ing；has been confused ed；confeses
5．the opening province which ______ thirteen countries and three coastal citries will quicken its paces of economic development.
a. consists of up included contained
6．his bad health is a great _______ for him to get a good paid job.
age antage
acdbac
7． to ensure the safety at home, parents should not put the medicine _______ the reach of their children.
of from from
seized the historical developing opportunity，we chinese people are _____ all the advantages we have，heading for the goal.
a. trying out best of all out of
g no effort the best of
9．______ 200 people were killed and 1400 more injured in the terrible bombing of madrid，capital city of spain.
much as many as long as far as
10．she thought i was praising her son，________ as a matter of fact，i was scolding him for his bad behaviors at school.
ore that
11．over-heating development might have bad _______ on the national economy.
fluence
cdbab
grammar:
1．______ she couldn’t understand was _____ fever and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.
；why ；what ；beause ；that
2．someone in ringing the see ______ .
is he he is in it it is
1． these wild flowers are so special i would do _______ i can to save them.
er ver
4．i drove to zhuhai for the air show last week .-is that _______ you had a few days off.
5．______ has helped to save the drowning girl is world praising.
one r
6．______ cause the accident is still a complete mystery.
7．it was matter of _______ would take the position.
er ver er
8．it is generally considered unwise to give a child _______ he or she wants.
ever ever ver er
9．________we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
r
10．do you remember_________he came?
yes, i do, he came by car.
11．the airplane, which had______ there minutes before, was said to have been hijacked by four hijackers from a certain country.
on away out off
12．the fat woman, who is ________a diet, has refused to follow my dvice that she should take more exercise than a diet only.
13．the handsome young man now ________ decorating the house has been _______ to maria , a pretty girl from france.
a. engaging in; engaged to d to; engaged with
d in ; engaged to ng in ;engaged with
14．all of the flowers now ________ here have developed from those _______ in the forest.
; once grew ;once growing ;once growing ;once grown
15．_______i am concerned, education is about learning and the more you get, the more equipped for life you are.
far as long as often as soon as
1-5：adaad 6-10：abbba 11-15：dacca
单句改错：
1． where will they go is to be discussed at tomorrow’s meeting.
2． if they have reached shanghai is not known yet.
3． the news they had won the game surprised us.
4． they don’t know what they do next.
5． it is known to us all, the earth is smaller than the sun.
6． the reason why he was late for school was because he got up late.
7． this is a fact that english is widely used as an international language.
8． that you need is more practice.
短文改错专项训练篇十四
reading
teaching aims:
ⅰ. knowledge:
1. get some information about st petersburg and how people recover the destroyed city and cultural relics.
2. words and useful expressions. restore, replace, recreate, in ruins, under attack, give in, in pieces, bring…back to life, come true, under attack
3. some grammar points. word formation: re-; present perfect passive voice.
ⅱ. feelings and attitudes:
1. get the students to know that the cultural relics are rare. it is hard to recover if they are destroyed.
2. get the students to realize that the power of the people is so great. they can overcome the difficulties and make something impossible possible.
3. we should do something in our daily life to stop the damage. some damages are caused by human beings.
ⅲ. ability:
1. enable the students to get key information after reading.
2. develop students’ cooperation spirit.
3. improve their reading and analyzing abilities.
difficulties:
1. the understanding of the whole text
2. how to get the right answers in skimming.
teaching procedures:
step1 greeting
step2 pre-reading. (7 minutes)
review the topic: culture relics and sites students have learned in the previous lessons. then raise some questions discussed by students of group four. give them 3 minutes to prepare. present some pictures of some famous cities, so the students’ attention is attracted on the topic
questions: 1. as we all know, there are many great cities in the world, such as beijing, pairs, new york etc. in your opinion, what makes these cities great?
2. what’s your favorite city? why?
3. what cultural relics are there in your hometown? how important are they?
choose 3 or 4 students to answer each question. (4 minutes)
hints: 1. the capital of a country/ centre of transportation/ with large population/ some important events happened in that city./ some great people have been there,etc.
reason: nice weather/ beautiful scenery/ special custom/ hometown,etc.
temple, bai causeway, su causeway, li ying temple, etc. they are important parts of hangzhou’s history.
goals: these questions are aimed at cultivating student’s speaking ability and the way of thinking and also spirit of teamwork.
step3 skimming (5 minutes)
give students 3 minutes to go through the passage as fast as possible while the tape should be played in order to limit the time of reading. students can underline or circle important words and sentences. after that, give them some simple questions to answer.
1. when was st petersburg built and who built it?（300 years ago, russian czar peter the great.）
2. in 1941, who tried to destroy the city? ( germans.)
the nazis had gone, what did the people of st petersburg do? ( rebuild the city.)
can we describe the people of st petersburg do? (strong, proud and united.)
then do the exercise two in post reading: true or false questions.
goals: train students’ reading speed and develop their ability of getting key information.
teach some new words: the neva river, the russian czar, peter the great, st petersburg.
these words should be explained in accordance with certain background. that is to say, let student know something about russian history.
step4 scanning (19 minutes)
ⅰ deal with the important words, expressions and some grammar points.(3 minutes)
word: restore, replace, recreate, in ruins, under attack, give in, in pieces, bring…back to life, come true, under attack.
sentences: where is a river, there is a city. it is true that…. do everything we can to do something, be located in, be an important part of one’s history.
grammar: the present perfect passive voice.
goals: grasp the useful expressions, language points, important sentence structures and grammar points. this can help students understand the text more easily.
ⅱask students to read the text carefully paragraph by paragraph in 5 minutes and find out topic sentence of each paragraph. finally, encourage them to summarize the general idea of each paragraph. as for each question, give student 5 minutes to discuss in groups.
questions:
1. why do people think st petersburg is a great city?
2. why was it so difficult for people to rebuild the old palaces?
3. what did people use to help them rebuild the city?
4． why are the people of st petersburg heroes?
choose several students to answer. (6 minutes)
possible answers:
1. people think that st petersburg is a great city because it was built by a great russian czar and has been the center of many important historic events. more importantly, it survived the germans attack in 1941 and its people did everything they could to make it as beautiful as it once was.
2. the palaces were so badly damaged in the war that people thought it was almost impossible to rebuild them. few modern russian artists knew exactly what the palaces looked like and there were many missing parts and pieces. the project, restoring the former glory of the city, required hard work, patience and devotion.
3. the russian artists used old paintings and photographs to rebuild st petersburg.
4. the people of st petersburg are heroes because they have made something impossible possible. they have successfully rebuilt the palaces without destroying their old beauty. with hard work, patience, devotion and love for their cultural relics, they have shown that dreams can come true.
goals: these questions are raised to train students’ ability of summarizing, organizing and cooperation as well as to achieve the ethic aims
step 5 free asking (3 minutes)
give students 3 minutes to ask whatever they don’t understand after reading the text. ask other students to give the answer if they can. if they can’t work out these problems, teacher helps them.
goals: this step shows the students-centred principle. students find out the problems and solve it actively.
step6 consolidation(3 minutes)
fill in the blanks.
300 years ago, the russian czar peter the great built a new ________---st petersburg. it has been the center of many important _________ in history. in 1941, it was under ______ for 900 days, but the people never ________ ________. after the germans left, the city was almost in ________. people decided to ________ the city. it was ________ to save the palaces and buildings without _________ their old beauty. with the ______ of old paintings and photographs, people were able to _______ ________ the beauty of their culture and history. strong, proud and _______, the people of st petersburg are modern ________ of russia.
goals: help students review the content of the text as well as some important words and expression.
step7 further discussion. (7 minutes)
now, many cultural relics are destroyed by human beings. we know the power of people is great. so is their power of damaging. we should do our best to prevent this situation from going worse. for high school students, we should protect everything nearby, for example, at school or in the public place where we go. think about what we can do to stop the damage. (4 minutes). ask several students to express their ideas. (3 minutes).
goals: achieve the third aim of feelings and attitudes. at the same time, the ability of speaking, words organization and cooperation is trained.
step 8 conclusion. (2 minutes)
through the discussion, we can see the importance of protection. we must do our best to stop damaging in our daily life. if everyone makes efforts, the world will be better and better.
goals: get the students to understand what our duties are. achieve the ethic aims.
step9 homework (1 minute)
1. do exercise 2 and 4 in scanning part on the exercise book.
2. say something about st petersburg using your own words.
goals: consolidate the knowledge they’ve learned. check their efficiency in class. develop their ability of organization of sentences.
短文改错专项训练篇十五
the first period
step 1 greeting
step 2 warming up
1. within 】pre.
1：within these old walls there was once a town.
2：she felt the anger mounting up within her.
2
例1：he learned to speak english within six months!
例2：please stay within hearing.
例3：to live within ones income
3adv.
例1：the house has been painted within and without.
例2：she was pure within.
4n.
例1：the door opens from within.
例2：seen from within, the cave looks larger.
反义词 beyond pre. & adv.
1)
：the road is beyond that hill.
2）
：some shops keep open beyond midnight.
3
：the rumour is beyond belief.
易错辨析：with 和within
with
例1：he lives with ones parents
例2：you must do the work with more care.
例3：the popular singer star doesnt sing with much expression.
例4：it is a coat with four pockets.
例5：he opened the door with his key.
例6：they smiled with pleasure.
请选择正确答案：
he has been to the united states three times ______the last three months.
a. for b. with c. within d. since
正确答案a。这里within与in和用法相似，与现在完成时态连用，表示“在……时间之内”
step 3 practice listening
step 4 consoidation
review the important knowledge
step 5 homework
study before
the second period
step 1greeting
step 2presentation
step 3practice
. promising
例1：the weather is promising.
例2：he was a promising youth.
例3：what promising crops.
【相关链接】
1) promise n.
例1：he broke his promise and did not come to see me. 。
例2：they are a group of writers of promise.
例3：clouds give promise of rain.
2）promise vt.
例1：he has promised to behave better henceforth.
例2：she promised her brother that she would write to him.
例3：”it is not so simple, i promise you."
例4：this year promises to be another good one for harvests.
3）promise 的相关表达法
break [go back] ones [a] promise
keep ones [a] promise
make [give] a promise
of great [high] promise
promise is (a due) debt.
promise little, but do much.
易错辨析：
promise 表“许诺, 诺言; 约定”时是可数名词；
表“(有)指望, 有(成功的)希望;预兆, 预示”等意思时，是不可数名词。
试比较：the news gave little promise of peace.
he gave a promise that he would help us.
3. engage
vt. (= hire)
例如：he’d planned to engage a new secretary.
vt. (= book)
例如：they have engaged a room in the hotel.
vt. 与……订婚 (与to搭配，常用被动语态)
例如：tom is engaged to anne.
vt. 从事, 着手, 忙于 (与in搭配，常用被动语态)
例如：he is engaged (in his work) now.
vt. 允诺，保证 (常与that 从句连用)
例如：can you engage that he can pay back the money in due time?
vt. 吸引, 引起(兴趣), 占用
例如：his smile engages everyone he meets.
vi. 卷入其中或参加；参与
例如：they engaged in the conversation right away.
【相关链接】
1) be engaged by
2) be engaged in/ engage oneself in
3) be engaged on/ upon
4) be engaged to/ engage oneself to
易错辨析：注意与engage 连用的介词
请选择：he was engaged ____ a very nice girl. and later they got married.
a. with b. to c. in d. by
本题主要因为受汉语的影响，最容易选错a，英语中还有类似的短语：be/ get married to （与……结婚）。正确答案为b。
4. observe
vt. 注意到; 监视; 观察[测]
例1：i observed him going out.
例2：we are supposed to observe a childs behavior carefully.
vt. 纪念; 庆祝(节日、生日等)
例如：we observe our national day on october 1st.
vt. 遵守, 奉行(法律、习俗、规章等)
例如：we must observe the rules at school.
【相关链接】
observer n. .观测者, 观察员, 遵守者
例如：you cant speak at this meeting, you are here as an observer.
5. match
vt＆vi. 相似；相配；相等
例1：these shoes do not match; one is large and the other is small.
例2：they are equally matched in their knowledge of chinese.
n. 相似物；相配者；相衬之物；搭配之物
例1：he is his fathers match.
例2：the shirt and blouse are a perfect match.
n. 对手
例如：the boxer had met his match.
n. 比赛；竞争
例如：there is going to be a football match between the two classes this afternoon.
n. 火柴,
例如：the little girl struck her last match.
【相关链接】
有关match 的表达法
1）find [meet] ones match
2）let beggars match with beggars
3）make a good match
4）play a match 比赛 play off a match (
5）match against [with]
易错辨析：match与fit 、suit 区别
1) match 多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面相合、不相上下、势均力敌。
例如：these colours don’t match.这些颜色不相配。
2) fit指适合环境、条件、目的、要求等（即某人某物具有在工作、用途上必须的品质）
例如：the ship is well fitted up.这船陈设得好。
fit 也用于衣服、鞋帽等合身、合脚
例如：how do the shoes fit? 这双鞋穿起来怎么样？
3）suit 主要指合乎口味、性格、地位、条件等，从而使人感到愉快、满意。
例1：no dish suits all tastes. 众口难调。
例2：it’s difficult to find time that suits everyone. 很难找到一个人人都适合的时间。
step 4 consolidation
（一） 重要短语
1. work on
【用法一】从事于, 致力于
例如：he is working on a novel.
【用法二】使人信服, 说服；对……有影响，对……起作用
例如：we managed to work on those who had erred and helped them do right.
【用法三】继续工作
例如：after the heavy rain, they worked on.
【相关链接】
work 相关短语
work at 从事, 致力于, 钻研
work in 插进, 穿入；搀, 加入
work out 做出, 设计出, 制作出；算出, 得出...答案, 解决
易错辨析： work on 与work at区别
两者都表示“从事于”的意思，但不可混淆。on和at的选择要依据其后带的宾语来确定。如果工作后，宾语本身不发生变化时，用介词at；如果工作后，宾语本身发生变化时，用介词on。
例如：he is working (hard) at his lessons.
（lessons本身还是lessons，没有变化，但他是长进了）
he is working on his bike.
（bike通过他工作后，会由“坏”变“好”，bike本身是变化的）
请选择：she was working ____ a new story. (a. at b. in)
这里其实选on或者at 都对，但表达的意思是不同的，用on时，表示“她在修改……”；用at时，表示“她在阅读……”。
2. go by
（时间）流逝；（机会）放过
例1：as time went by, einstein’s theory proved true.
例2：don’t let an opportunity go by.
遵照，依照
例如：dont go by what she says.
经过（by可用作介词或副词）；顺便走访
例1：they quickly went by the car. （by作介词用，后带宾语the car）
例2：he was in when i went by yesterday.
（go by 用作不及物短语，by为副词）
【相关链接】
go 相关短语
go about
go along
go at
go down
go far
go for
go in for
go on
go out
go over
go through
go up
step 5 homework
retell the story
the third period
step 1 greeting
step 2 lead in ‘
word study and grammar
step 3 practice
1give a lecture
give a lecture
例1：the professor is going to give us a lecture on how to keep the balance of nature next week.
例2：he will give a lecture on the history of the party.
make a speech
例如：i made a speech at the meeting. 。
have a talk (with sb.)
例如：hi, john. our teacher wants to have a talk with you.
易错辨析：give a lecture 和have a lecture
give a lecture是相对于老师而言的，have a lecture 是相对于学生而言的。
例如：this afternoon we are going to have a lecture in the hall.
今天下午我们要去礼堂听一个演讲。
相类似的有：give a lesson（讲课）和have a lesson（听课），汉语有时都用“上课”。
4. turn out
例如：please turn out the lights before you leave the room.
例如：a large group of protesters have turned out.
例如：the rookie turned out to be the best hitter on the team.
例如：the cake turned out beautifully.
【相关链接】
1）turn away
例如: the company had to turn away half of the salespersons.
2）turn back
例1：they made the uninvited comer turned back.
例2：the red army managed to turn back the advanced enemy.
3）turn down
例1：turn down the radio, please.
例2：we politely turned down the invitation.
4）turn in
例1：the boy turned in the wallet he picked up on the way back home.
例2：the criminal turned herself in.
5）turn off 关闭，终止（运转、行为或流动）；使厌烦
例1：please turn off the television and lets have a rest.
例2：the play turned the audience off.
6）turn on 打开，使开始运作；开始展示，显露出，流露出
例1：its dim here. turn on the lights, please.
例2：the small old town takes on a new look. 。
7）turn over 翻转，翻过来；旋转，转动；考虑，思考
例1：they turned over a big stone and found ants of a family.
例2：the engine turned over but wouldnt start.
例3：she turned over the problem in her mind.
8）turn to 开始工作\
例如：if you quit dawdling and just turn to, the cleaning will be done in a day.
9）turn up 开大，调高；发现，找到；出现，到达
例1： please turn up the public-address system so that everyone can hear the news clearly.
例2： she turned up the missing papers under her blotter.
例3：several old friends turned up at the reunion.
例4：something turned up and i was unable to go.
step 4 consolidation
step rk
the fourth period
step 1 greeting
step 2 presentation
step 3 practice
1 sound like
sound like 听起来象……
例1：the clicks of the train sound like singing.
例2：your answer sounds like a reasonable one.
【相关链接】
feel like 摸起来象……；想要……
例1：it feels like a stone.
例2：he feels like traveling abroad with his parents.
look like 看起来象……
例如：she looks like her mother. 。
smell like 闻起来象……
例如：it smells like a rose, but it isn’t.
taste like 尝起来象……
例如：it tastes something like beef.
6. make a difference
make a difference 区别，区别对待
例如：can you make a difference between a sheep and a goat?？
【相关链接】
make no difference 没有差别；无关紧要
例如：it makes no difference to me whether you are here or not.
tell the difference between … and … 讲出……和……之间的不同，分辨出
例如：he can tell the difference between an asian elephant and an african one
step 4 consolidation
step 5 homework
短文改错专项训练篇十六
一、teaching content
unit 13 reading (2); post-reading
二、teaching goals
1. improve the students’ reading ability by catching detailed information.
2. enable the students to understand the best way to make sure that we will feel and look fine is to develop healthy eating habits by learning the reading text.
三、teaching important points:
1. master the new words, phrases and useful expressions in the text.
keep up with, too much, make a choice; be harmful to; lose weight; be prepared for
2. train the students’ reading ability to develop healthy eating habits.
四、teaching difficult points
1. how to train the students’ reading ability.
2. how to make the students understand the reading material better and answer some questions on the passage.
五、teaching methods:
explanation and inductive methods to make the students master the new words.
六、teaching aids
1. a projector
2. the blackboard
七、teaching procedures
step 1 greetings
t: good morning! my boys and girls!
t: sit down, please!
step2 reading
t: we’ve got a general idea about the reading. but i think the passage is very difficult.
t: ok. let’s read the passage carefully together.
1unit13.3. (2)
t: we listen to the tape paragraph by paragraph, and then explain the paragraph.
t: listen to para 1. and try to answer the questions.
(1)para 1
1) listen
t: it’s easier to choose what to eat in the past.
true or false? (t)
t: why?
ss: in the past, people didn’t have so many kinds of food to choose. people even can’t get enough food to eat. / now, people take more care about their figures.
2) explaining
our eating habits have changed, as has our way of life.
t: what does the underlined part mean? = and our way of has changed too.
t: as has our way of life 是倒装结构
as + 助动词/ be + 主语 也一样
e.g. she’s unusually tall, as are her parents 她特别高, 她的父母也都那么高.
he’s a doctor, as was his wife before she had children.
3) understand
t: what does the word “ fuel” mean?
ss: original meaning:燃料
t: e.g. the machine needs fuels to go on work.
t: but you should pay attention to the word in the text. here it means 营养物质
t: listen to paras. 2 and 3
(2)paras. 2 and 3
t: fill in the table.
nutrients functions where can we get it?
protein good for our muscles fish, meat and beans
calcium for our bones and teeth eggs milk and other dairy products
carbohydrate the main fuel for our body rice, bread, noodles
fibre help keep our body function well
mineral
vitamins help our body fight disease vegetables, fruit, fish, milk
1unit13.3. (3)
questions
t: why do some people become vegetarians?
t: what does the word “ green” mean? does it mean the color of green?
ss: green: environment protecting
t: green food is very popular nowadays. can you find any other words with the same meaning as green food?
t: e.g. environmentally friendly food / eco-food
t: can you find an example about green food in this paragraph?
ss: organic vegetables
(3)paras 4 and 5
t: listen to paras 4 and 5
t: you can find the word “diet” several times in para 4.
t: what’s the different meaning of them? look at the blackboard.
a balanced diet 均衡的饮食
crash diet 速成食疗
diet food 减肥食品
unhealthy diet 不健康的饮食
t: in order to keep fit, what shall we do and eat?
1) buy good food and keep a balanced diet.
2) eat healthy food in the right amount.
3) eat less fat and sugar and exercise more.
step3 post-reading
t: how have our eating habits changed? why?
t: discuss question 4 in pairs.
t: retell the text according to some topic sentences.
step4 summary and homework
t: today we’ve learned the passage. the passage may be very difficult to you. after class, you’d better review the reading including some words and phrases.
1. retell the text, try to get a summary of this text
2. review words we have learnt in this unit
3. preview grammar of this unit
4. do the exercises the word study on page 5
1unit13.3. (4)
八．黑板板书设计blackboard:
(l)
as + 助动词/ be + 主语 也一样
e.g. she’s unusually tall, as are her parents
(m)
nutrients functions where can we get it?
protein good for our muscles fish, meat and beans
calcium for our bones and teeth eggs milk and other dairy products
carbohydrate the main fuel for our body rice, bread, noodles
fibre help keep our body function well
mineral
vitamins help our body fight disease vegetables, fruit, fish, milk
(r)
a balanced diet 均衡的饮食
crash diet 速成食疗
diet food 减肥食品
unhealthy diet 不健康的饮食
九、evaluation
短文改错专项训练篇十七
period 5
一、teaching content
unit 13 word study; grammar
二、teaching goals
1. review the text learnt in the last period including useful words and expressions.
2. learn how to use “had better”, “should” and “ought to ”while giving advice.
三、teaching important points:
1. how to guess the missing word according to the given sentence.
2. let the students learn how to give advice or opinion about something, especially master how to use “ should, ought to , had better and their negative forms” to give advice.
四、teaching difficult points
1. how to help the students to understand the grammar.
2. how to correctly use “should, ought to , had better and their negative forms” to give advice.
五、teaching methods:
1. review method to consolidate the words and phrases last 4 periods.
2. explanation methods to make the students master the grammar.
3. inspanidual, pair work to make every student work in class.
六、teaching aids
1. a projector
2. the blackboard
七、teaching procedures
step 1 greetings
t: good morning! my boys and girls!
t: sit down, please!
step2 word study
t: we’ve learned something about diets. as we all know, we’d better eat healthy food and eat less junk food. in this way, we can keep up with the high pace of modern life.
t: ok. please open your books on page 5. on the top of it there are some words and phrases in the form. i am sure you have all finished the homework yesterday.
1unit13.5. (2)
ss: …
t: nutrient diet vitamin
mineral fat sugar
protein calory
step3 grammar
t: in the third period(the part of speaking ), we’ve learned some useful expressions to express suggestions.
t: we suppose that you are a doctor, and you should give some advice to patients.
t: ok. let’s review these useful expressions about suggestions:
1. i advise you to…
2. you’d better …
3. i think you should…
4. why not…? why don’t you…?
5. i suggest you should …
t: now i want you to translate these chinese sentences into english. maybe, you can use these expressions.
我们不应该怎么粗心。
we shouldn’t ought not to be so careless.
你应该尊敬爷爷。
you shouldought to respect your grandfather.
他最好别脱他的衣服。外面很冷。
it’s very cold outside. you had better not take off your coat.
我们最好还是穿上我们的大衣。天气很冷。
it is freeze. we had better put on our coat.
t: very good. we often give some persons advice or our opinions about something. in such a situation, we often use these modal verbs.
t: go back to your textbook. look at the grammar: modal verbs-----had better, should, ought to.
t: we have leant how to give advice by using the modal verbs. here in our textbook there are letters asking for some advice. read them quickly, then write down four pieces of advice for each of them using “ had better(not)”, “ ought (not) to or should(not)”.
step4 summary and homework
t: in this class, we’ve review the words and phrases. specially , we
unit13.5. (3)
review the modal verb by giving some persons advice. after class, more exercises are necessary.
homework
1. review the new words and phrases, grammar.
2. have a dictation about words (2)
3. preview two integrating skills on page 6 and 74
4. do the exercises the grammar 1.2 page74
八．黑板板书设计blackboard:
(l)
nutrient diet vitamin
mineral fat sugar
protein calory
(r)
i advise you to…
you’d better …
i think you should…
why not…? why don’t you…?
i suggest you should …
“ had better(not)”, “ ought (not) to or should(not)”.
九、evaluation
