范文为教学中作为模范的文章，也常常用来指写作的模板。常常用于文秘写作的参考，也可以作为演讲材料编写前的参考。范文书写有哪些要求呢？我们怎样才能写好一篇范文呢？接下来小编就给大家介绍一下优秀的范文该怎么写，我们一起来看一看吧。
动词词义辨析篇一
中庸辨义
中庸是儒家伦理学说的一个核心思想，但在现实生活中却常常被误解、误用，颇有辨析的必要。在有的人看来，所谓中庸，就是做人要圆融，善于 和稀泥、当老好人，搞折中主义、模棱两可；做事要平庸，不出头、不冒尖、守本分，满足于随大流、跟着走。但这种观点不仅违背了儒家关于中庸的原意，而且在一定程度上误导了人们对儒家伦理学说的整体认识和评价。事实上，这种是非不明、善恶不分、庸碌无为的老好人、本分人并非儒家所尊崇的中庸之人，而是其所贬斥的乡愿，这种人格与品行也是儒家所极力反对的。孔子说：乡原（愿），德之贼也。
将中庸理解为乡愿，除了少数人是刻意而为、混淆视听之外，大多数人是出于对中、庸二字的望文生义：将中理解为走中间路线，将庸理解为平庸。不过，这种理解并不符合儒家尤其是先秦儒家的本意。我们来看看相关文献中的解释。在《中庸》一书中，中与和是放在一起表述的，二者密切联系、不可分割，正所谓喜怒哀乐之未发，谓之中；发而皆中节，谓之和。由此可以看出，中在这里是一个时间概念而非距离概念，是所谓时中，即在合适的时机做合适的事、表达合适的情感，而不是折中调和或不分场合地率性而为。对此，《中庸》进一步解释道：君子之中庸也，君子而时中。小人之中庸也，小人而无忌惮也。关于庸，汉代学者郑玄的注释是：中庸者，以其记中和之为用也；庸，用也。也就是说，儒家所谓庸，就是人伦日用；所谓中庸，就是在日常生活中运用中和的理念，追求言行在时机、氛围等方面的恰如其分，不失礼、不失态、不偏激。用俗话说，中庸则大致相当于 看菜吃饭、量体裁衣或到什么山上唱什么歌。中庸或中和的理念还可以超越人伦的领域，运用到人与自然关系上：人们通过对自然界万物生长与四时变化规律的领悟和顺应，能够赞天地之化育，达到天人合一的境界。这就是《中庸》中所说的致中和，天地位焉，万物育焉。
儒家认为，在人伦日用中做到中庸，即行所当行、止所当止，是一个极高的境界，需要 究天人之际、通古今之变、道通天地有形外，思入风云变态中对自然、社会和人生的运行规律、运行法则有深刻的体验和把握。这不是一般人能够达到的。在孔子看来，行中庸之道至少需要做到四点，即毋意，毋必，毋固，毋我，也就是破除种种思维定势和主观成见，通权达变、相时而动。为此，孔子在回答其弟子关于什么是仁、什么是义、什么是礼、什么是孝等基本伦理问题时，总是避免给出概念化、程式化的答案，而是根据不同弟子的气质禀赋和不同的言语情境，进行有针对性的说明和阐释。从教育学的角度说，这体现了孔子因材施教的教育理念；而从伦理学的视野观照，这就是他引导弟子追求中庸境界的具体实践。黑格尔曾因《论语》中缺乏概念和范畴的思辩而给予这部经典以至孔子本人相当消极的评价，其实，这恰恰体现了儒家伦理智慧的特色所在。
人们在特定的时空情境中生活，为人处世就需要与时偕行、因时制宜、因地制宜，努力破除种种教条主义、主观主义和形而上学的束缚，这样才能不断实现从必然王国向自由王国的跨越。这，可能就是儒家中庸思想带给我们的最大启示。
1.下列对划线句子中这的理解最准确的一项是
a．孔子主张行中庸之道至少需要做到四点，即毋意，毋必，毋固，毋我。
b．黑格尔对《论语》以至孔子本人相当消极的评价。
c．孔子能根据不同弟子的气质禀赋和不同的言语情境，对弟子的提问，进行有针对性的说明和阐释。
d．《论语》中缺乏概念和范畴的思辩。
2.下列关于中庸的说法，最符合文意的一项是
a．中庸的中是一个时间概念而不是走中间路线，把中理解为折中调和或不分场合地率性而为是不正确的。
b．中庸就是在合适的时机做合适的事、表达合适的情感，追求言行在时机、氛围等方面的自由。
c．中庸就是在日常生活中运用中和的理念，做事平庸，不失礼、不失态、不偏激。
d．中庸理念就是看菜吃饭、量体裁衣和到什么山上唱什么歌。
3.下列各项中最符合原文意思的一项是
a．人们把中庸理解为乡愿是出于对中、庸二字的望文生义：将中理解为走中间路线，将庸理解为平庸。
b．人们对儒家伦理学说的整体认识和评价发生错误的根源就是对中庸原意的误解。
c．作者认为儒家中庸思想一定能带给我们为人处世需要因时制宜、因地制宜，努力破除种种教条主义、主观主义和形而上学的束缚等启示。
d．孔子注重引导弟子追求中庸境界。他在回答其弟子基本伦理问题时，总是避免给出概念化、程式化的答案，而是根据不同弟子的气质禀赋和不同的言语情境，进行有针对性的说明和阐释的做法，就说明了这一点。
答案：
1.d
1.a
1.d 答案解析： 1.根据划线部分前半句黑格尔曾因《论语》中缺乏概念和范畴的思辩而给予这部经典以至孔子本人相当消极的评价可知应选d项
1.a项：由原文即在合适的时机做合适的事、表达合适的情感，而不是折中调和或不分场合地率性而为可知此项最符合文意；
b项：追求言行在时机、氛围等方面的自由。而文中第二段说追求言行在时机、氛围等方面的恰如其分；
c项：做事平庸不对。
d项：原文中用俗话说，中庸则大致相当于 看菜吃饭、量体裁衣或到什么山上唱什么歌是对中庸的形象化理解，而非中庸的理念。
1.a项：原文中说除了少数人是刻意而为、混淆视听之外，大多数人是出于对中、庸二字的望文生义；
b项：原文中说而且在一定程度上误导了人们对儒家伦理学说的整体认识和评价；
c项：原文中说这，可能就是儒家中庸思想带给我们的最大启示。
d项：原文中说而从伦理学的视野观照，这就是他引导弟子追求中庸境界的具体实践可知此项最符合文意。
动词词义辨析篇二
不规则形容词比较等级的形式变化 good-----better------best
好的
well------better------best
身体好的 bad------worse------worst
坏的 ill--------worse-------worst
病的 many--------more------most
许多 much------more--------most
许多 few------less-------least
少数几个 little-------less------least
少数一点儿
far------further------furthest
更进一步，程度 far------farther------farthest
更远，路程
old-------older------oldest
年老的（指年纪）
old------elder-------eldest
年老的（指兄弟姐妹的排行）2)规则变化
单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。构成法
原级
比较级
最高级
1.一般单音节词
tall(高的)
taller tallest未尾加-er,-est great(巨大的)greater greatest
以不发音的e结尾 nice(好的)
nicer nicest的单音词和少数
large(大的)larger largest 2.以-le结尾的双 able（有能力的)abler ablest音节词只加-r,-st
3.以一个辅音字母 big(大的)
bigger biggest结尾的闭音节单 hot热的)
hotter hottest音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-est
4.“以辅音字母+y” easy(容易的)easier easiest结尾的双音节词，busy(忙的)
busier busiest改y为i，再加-er，-est
5.少数以-er，-ow clever(聪明的)cleverer cleverest结尾的双音节词 narrow(窄的)narrower narrowest未尾加-er，-est
6.其他双音节词和 important(重要的)多音节词，在前
more important面加more，most
most important来构成比较级和 easily(容易地)最高级。
more easily
most easily
比较级的句子结构通常是：
什么 + 动词be(am , is , are)+ 形容词比较级 + than（比）+ 什么 ,如：
i’m taller and heavier than you.（我比你更高和更重。）
an elephant is bigger than a tiger.（一只大象比一只老虎更大。）
☆注意
比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。
典型错误：my hair is longer than you.（我的头发比你更长。）
比较的两者是我的头发、你（整个人），那么比较的对象就没有可比性。
应该改为：my hair is longer than yours.或my hair is longer than your hair.练习
()1 which do you like ___, tea or coffee? ()2 this work is ____ for me than for ult difficult difficult difficult()3 which do you think tastes ____, the chicken or the fish? ()4 the great pyramid is about 137 metres high today, but it was once t too high()5 don't you think it ______ not to write the letter? ,
（一）写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式：long_____ ______
wide ______ _______ fat ____ _____heavy____ ______
slow ______ _______ few____ _____bright______ _____ badly _____ _______ far____ _____many_____ ______
happy_____ ______(二)用所给词的正确形式填空： all the students' faces are the same but li deming looks _______(fat)than before after the summer is ______(bad)at learning is much _______(bad)at chinese and he is the
_________(bad)at says sally is the ________(kind)person in the is one of the_________(friendly)people in the class, i is a little ___________________(beautiful)than her room is not as _________(big)as my brother' s.11.--how difficult is physics?--i' m not sure.(difficult)than maths?--i don' t think so.--is it ___________________
15.--annie plays the piano very ___________(well).than sally plays it the __________(well).--sue plays it _____(well)
1、从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子
heavy tall long big
(1)how
is the yellow river?(2)how
is mr green? he’s 175cm.(3)how
are your feet? i wear size 18.(4)how
is the fish? it’s 2kg.2、根据句意写出所缺的单词
(1)i’m 12 years ’re 14.i’m
than you.(2)a rabbit’s tail is
than a monkey’s tail.(3)an elephant is
than a pig.(4)a lake is
than a sea.(5)a basketball is
than a football.3、根据中文完成句子.(1)我比我的弟弟大三岁.i’m
than my brother.(2) tree
than that one.(3) are
than he.(4)谁比你重?
than you？
4、根据答句写出问句
(1)
i’m 160 cm.(2)
i’m 12 years old.(4)
amy’s hair is 30 cm long.
动词词义辨析篇三
动词被动语态
一、用所给动词的适当时态和语态填空
_____ the first man-made satellite _______（send）up into space ?
year vegetables ______（grow）in the garden by tom and he ______（sell）
them ______（help）him with his homework tomorrow many magazines ______（can borrow）in your library every week ?
______（hear）to go upstairs two hours ago.6.－who ______（save）her father ?
－he ______（save）by that doctor ______（send for）because his grandpa was kes ______（make）by his mother every year.______ your mother _____（make）mooncakes for you every year ?
toys ______（buy）as a presents for these children last monday.10._____ paper ______（make）of wood ?
11.i began ___________（educate）when i was six.12.i don’t imagine you’ll refuse ___________（promote）, will you?
allowed him __________（admit）. car engine sounds ought to have it ___________.（look at）
days, even the most remote place area on earth ___________（visit）by e tours ___________（can arrange）for almost anywhere, from the himalayas(喜马拉雅山脉)and the amazonian jungle(亚马逊雨林).二、把下列句子改成被动语态they owe a lot of money to the bank.______________________________________________________________ 2 the scientists have proved that there is no life on the moon.______________________________________________________________ 3 you can buy videos like this one anywhere.______________________________________________________________ 4 someone has to write the history of the european community one day.______________________________________________________________ 5 someone may have already written the history of the european community.______________________________________________________________when we arrived home, we found that someone had broken one of our windows.1
______________________________________________________________ 7 the greens have sold their car to pay their debts.______________________________________________________________ 8 they hold a meeting in the village hall once a week.______________________________________________________________ 9 the investors are building a new supermarket near the cinema.______________________________________________________________ 10 they are taking the refugees to a camp outside the village
______________________________________________________________
三、改错
a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of equipment damaged.2.i can’t see any coffee in this it all patients had been treated in hospital this year than last first use of atomic weapons was in 1945，and their power is increased enormously ever ing to the art dealer, the painting expected to go for at least a million news reporters hurried to the airport, only to tell the film stars had comparing with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at flu is believed being caused by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and first being introduced to the market, these products enjoyed great ds of jobs will lose if the factory closes.11.a new cinema is built hope to finish it next rests had been cut and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in near story was happened in london.四、汉译英。
1.这种裙子到处都看得到。
this style of dress _________ ________ ________ everywhere.2.窗子已经关了。
the windows _________ _________ __________.3.我认为青少年应该多做运动。
i think teenagers _________ _________ __________ ________
4.昨天有人听到你因为没考好哭了。
you ________ ________ _____ yesterday because you failed the exam.5.运动会将在下周召开。
the sports meeting _________ _________ _______ next week.这座宫殿建于1875年。
the palace ___________ _________ __________ 1875.足球将比赛什么时候举行？
when __________ the football game __________ __________?你应该自己做家庭作业。
your homework _________ _________ _________ by _________.9这本书肯定是韩寒写的the book _________ ________ __________ ________ han han.说汉语的人最多。
chinese _________ _________ _________ most people in the world.据说，她能说几种外国语。
_________________________________________________________________ 12 这个问题明天上午讨论吗？
_________________________________________________________________ 13 必须指出台湾问题是中国的内政（internal affairs）
_________________________________________________________________
五、语法填空
how the other half lives
lord manners was a rich and famous he 1__________(die)recently, he 2__________(give)a magnificent funeral which 3__________(attend)by hundreds of famous funeral was going to 4__________(hold)in westminster ordinary people 5__________(line)the streets to watch the wonderful black and gold carriage 6__________(draw)by six black mourners 7__________(follow)in manners8___________(given)a royal tramps were among the 9__________(watch)the procession with solemn music 10_________(could hear)in the distance, one of them 11_________(turn)to the other and 12_________（whisper）
3admiration，’now that’s what i call really living!’
六、完形填空
fishy tales
mermaids（美人鱼）1_____by sailors for basis of all mermaid myths 2_____ to be a creature called a manatee: a kind of walrus!mermaids used 3_____ in funfairs until all began in 1817 when a ‘mermaid’ 4_____ for $6,000 by a sailor in the south was eventually sold to the great circus owner 5_____in 1842 as ‘the feejee mermaid’.it 6_____that she earned barnum $ 1,000 a week!the thousands who saw this mermaid must 8_____ by a japanese fisherman.a monkey’s head had been delicately（精美地）sewn(缝)to the tail（燕尾服）of a large job 9_____ that the join between the fish and the monkey was imagination must 10_____ to see this revolting creature as a beautiful mermaid combing her golden been
been saw
supposed
been supposed
be show
shown
been
been bought
been exhibited
been ted
been said
been ointed
been disappointed
cleverly been cleverly made
cleverly being cleverly made
being so skillful been so skillful done
so skillful been so skillful done
been required
e
动词词义辨析篇四
常见离合动词
见面帮忙睡觉洗澡生气操心灰心打架
报仇吃亏叹气倒霉出事辞职毕业结婚
离婚带头请客敬酒加油鼓掌送礼出差
唱歌跳舞谈话聊天吃饭上课
练习
1他_____走进来
a唱着歌b唱歌着
2昨天晚上太热了，我______
a只睡了三个小时觉b只睡觉了三个小时c只三个小时睡觉 3我们曾经请他来_____
a帮忙过两次b帮过两次忙c帮两次忙过
4明天有时间的话，请你_____
a帮忙我一个b帮一个我忙c帮我个忙
5说到伤心处，他不禁_____
a叹气一口了b叹了一口气c叹气了一口
6这次他_____
a吃亏了很大b吃亏很大了c吃了很大亏
7父母把我们养大，不知为我们
a操了多少心b操心了多少c操多少心了
8他们俩刚才又_____
a打架起来了b打起架来了c打架了起来
9听说上个月_____
a小王和小张订婚了b小王订婚了小张c小王订的婚小张 10他去年_____
a毕业了大学b大学毕业了
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动词词义辨析篇五
2007年高考试题单项选择语法分类汇编
四．动词辨义
don’t you just ____ your own business and leave me alone? [2007 全国卷ii]
minus 130℃, a living cell can be ______ for a thousand years.[2007 上海卷]
ted ped
this seaside resort, you can ________ all the comfort and convenience of modern tourism.[2007 山东卷]
a．enjoyb．applyc．received．achieve
to send help.[2007 湖北卷]
it doesn’matter where the student associations get their money from;whatis what they do with it.[2007 湖北卷]
ons
’t take too much of the medicine;it does you more harm than good if you [2007 江西卷]
________ to us，“be quiet!your little sister’s sleeping．”[2007 四川卷]
a．whisperedb．shoutedc．explainedd．replied
your race car isn’t insured, you maylosing everything when it hits something solid．[2007 上海春]
a．delay b．deny c．avoid d．risk
9.—
— [2007 浙江卷] has ______all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university.[2007 天津卷]
ed
