半导体发光2极管的研究与应用
关键词：半导体，发光2极管，发光原理，照明
The study and application of Light Emitting Diode
Abstract: In this paper, the development history and the characteristic itself about Light Emitting Diode(LED) are related in brief, the light principle and technology of LED ,and the application in some fields are stated emphatically, some key problems of technology which need to be settled in studying and inventing for LED illumination. Not only in aspect of display but also in field of electronic communication and illumination, the application of LED are rising rapidly, and the LED of high brightness will be able to take the place of incandescent lamp , possessing a huge development potential.
Key words: semiconductor， LED， light principle， illumination
引言
随着社会的发展和人们生活水平的提高，人们对照明的要求不再只是简单地考虑其发出光线的亮度，还要考虑其经济、环保、稳定性、光线色彩以及对人眼的健康，随着对新光源研究不断的发展，发光2极管作为新式光源将成为最佳的选择之1。 发光2极管得到如此迅速的发展主要是由于它有下列优异性能：寿命长，1般都在几万小时以上。功耗小，能够更有效的节约能源。亮度高，不仅可以用在室内，超高亮度LED 还可以用在室外。体积小，重量轻。可封装成各种类型的显示器。坚固耐用，不怕震动。多色显示，色彩丰富。目前已开发出红橙黄绿蓝多种颜色的LED.工作温度稳定性好。响应速度快，能够显示快速变动的画面。冷光——不是热光源。所以发光效能比1般灯泡来得好。工作电压低，可以用太阳能电池作电源，并易于直接与IC电路接口，控制方便。
下表是各类显示器件的性能比较：