摘 要 创业教育是我国高等教育目标的重要内容之一。大学生自主创业能有效解决愈益严峻的就业难题。在实践当中,存在着政府支持不到位,创业教育体系不完备以及学生自身创业素质低等因素阻碍大学生成功创业。然而,大学生创业是一项庞大的系统工程,需要社会、学校和学生本人协同合作。本文从改善社会制度环境,加强高校创业教育,提升大学生创业能力三个方面给出对策,以此来为高校大学生的创业教育提供借鉴。
关键词 大学生创业 创业教育 融资渠道 课程体系 因应对策
College Students' Entrepreneurship Influencing
Factors and Countermeasures
ZHENG Xu, WANG Hongjun, LIU Wei, LENG Feng
(College of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110036)
Abstract Entrepreneurship education is an important part of higher education goals. Students start their own businesses can effectively solve the increasingly severe employment problems. In practice, there is no government support in place, entrepreneurship education system is not complete, and students start their own low quality factors that hinder student successful entrepreneurship. However, college students venture is a huge project, the needs of society, schools and the students themselves collaboration. In this paper, to improve the social system environment, strengthening enterprise education, enhance the ability three aspects, in order to provide reference for university students in entrepreneurship education.
Key words college students' entrepreneurship; entrepreneurship education; financing; curriculum; countermeasures
0 引言
1 大学生创业的影响因素
1.1 外部环境的制约
(4)社会的反智化倾向,让大学生对自主创业失去信心。随着就业形势严峻和“毕业就失业”不同程度存在的现实,“读书无用论”思潮又开始抬头,热捧“蓝翔挖掘机”就是最近的例子。大学生期待社会的认同和肯定,他们有热情创业,是因为可以把所学知识转化成生产力,服务于社会,进而实现自身价值,这对他们本人来说,是一种成就感。但是,社会的反智化潮流让他们不再相信知识可以改变命运,反而对创业失去信心。既然与社会创业人员相比不具有知识上的优势,还不如拿一纸文凭混个铁饭碗合算。(5)媒体报喜不报忧的负面导向作用。新闻媒体报道成功案例对于自主创业的宣传推动作用应该肯定。但对成功案例缺乏深度挖掘,对失败案例视而不见,这样是不利于大学生的理性创业。要知道,那些准备创业的大学生,他们的信息来源更多是学长们的言传身教。如果在舆论煽动下盲目创业,其失败效应反而会抵消了正面宣传。