铁路大提速下的京沪线列车调度
2006年全国第6次铁路大提速下京沪线列车调度问题
摘 要
本模型的设计思想是在全国第6次铁路大提速的背景下提出的，针对目前京沪线铁路的运行现状，从货物列车的安排、临时列车安排、运行图的制订和列车运行调整4个方面建立简化列车调度模型并进行了仿真。该模型具有较好的通用性和可操作性，仿真效果良好。
针对货物列车的最大铺画问题，本文建立了1个简化的优化模型。从旅客列车的发、到时刻矩阵出发，在模型约束条件下，得出货物列车在所选区段各站点的可发车时刻区间，并在此基础上求出了目标函数的最大值，即最多能安排的货车数量。然后在可发车时刻区间内随机选择符合要求的时刻点，制订出具体的列车运行图。
针对临时客车的安排问题，本文从货物列车的安排出发建立了1个相似的扩展优化模型，并定义了模型的目标函数。然后根据得到的目标函数和相应约束条件制订了具体的临时客车的运行方案，并完成了京沪全线的运行图铺画。
针对列车运行调整问题，本文在建立通用数学模型的基础上，采用遗传算法的设计思路建立了改进的调整模型。在确定编码、适应度函数以及3个算子的基础上，得到了基于遗传算法的调整算法流程。
关键词：列车调度；运行图；列车运行调整；可发车时刻区间；扩展优化模型；遗传算法。
Abstract
The model’s design concept is raised under the background of the sixth national railway speedup. In view of the present situation of Jing-Hu high-speed line, this article established the simplified model of the train dispatching in four aspects: the arrangement of freight train, the arrangement of temporary passenger train, the making of train working diagram and the adjustment of train movement. The established model has a good versatility and maneuverability, and the simulation of the model is fairly well.
Aim at the question of maximum freight train arrangement, this article established an optimized simplification model. From the matrix of the depart-and-arrive-time of the passenger train and the restraint condition of the model, we obtained the departble time sector of the freight train in the selected intervals of the stations, and on the basis of it we get the maximum value of the objective function, that is the most can be arranged in these stations in a day. Then if we stochastically select the proper depart time in the departable time sector, we can finally finish the train working diagram.
For the question of arranging temporary passenger train, this article concluded from the model of question one, and established a similar optimized extension model. Then in the light of the objective function and the corresponding constraints, we formulated the specific program of the temporary train, and completed the train working diagram of the entire Jing-Hu line.
To solve the question of train movement adjustment, this article first established the general mathematics model, and then adapted the design idea of genetic algorithms to improve the model. After determining the code method, the fitness function and the three operators, we obtained the flow of the adjustment algorithm based on the genetic algorithms.
Keyword: Train dispatching; Train working diagram; Train movement adjustment; Departble time sector; Optimized extension model; Genetic Algorithms.
